Jean-Jacques Chevallier

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Jean-Jacques Chevallier, (February 15, 1900 May 23, 1983), was a 20th-century French professor, jurist and historian and Academician. Professor at the Paris Faculty of Law and Economic Sciences, member of the Academy of Political and Moral Sciences (1964–83), he left numerous works, in particular a major classic on "The Great Political Works from Machiavelli to Our Day" (Les grandes œuvres politiques: de Machiavel à nos jours), recently reissued with an update by Yves Guchet. Several subsequent historians in France have acknowledged his influence; Jean-Pierre Gross writes of "A chronological and historical account, in the tradition established by Jean-Jacques Chevallier", [1] and according to the French jurist Georges Lavau: "We had a few masters who had explored certain territories, almost in solitude: André Siegfried, Raymond Aron, Jean-Jacques Chevallier, Georges Burdeau, Jean Stoetzel." [2]

Professor academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries

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Jurist legal scholar or academic, a professional who studies, teaches, and develops law

A jurist is someone who researches and studies jurisprudence. Such a person can work as an academic, legal writer or law lecturer. In the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and in many other Commonwealth countries, the word jurist sometimes refers to a barrister, whereas in the United States of America and Canada it often refers to a judge.

Historian person who studies and writes about the past

A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past, and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is concerned with events preceding written history, the individual is a historian of prehistory. Some historians are recognized by publications or training and experience. "Historian" became a professional occupation in the late nineteenth century as research universities were emerging in Germany and elsewhere.

Contents

Family

Joseph Jean-Jacques Chevallier was born in Paris, France, the son of Jeanne Marie Demarquet and Joseph Rogatien Chevallier. His mother was a great-granddaughter of the Ecuadorian jurist José Fernández Salvador and a granddaughter of Charles Eloi Demarquet, one of Bolivar's principal aides-de-camp. His father was a military officer who was ordered to French Indochina the year after his son's birth and left a series of letters on Tonkin (part of what is now Vietnam) and Laos (collected and published in 1995). [3]

Paris Capital of France

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of 105 square kilometres and an official estimated population of 2,140,526 residents as of 1 January 2019. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.

France Republic with mainland in Europe and numerous oversea territories

France, officially the French Republic, is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany to the northeast, Switzerland and Italy to the east, and Andorra and Spain to the south. The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. The country's 18 integral regions span a combined area of 643,801 square kilometres (248,573 sq mi) and a total population of 67.3 million. France, a sovereign state, is a unitary semi-presidential republic with its capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban areas include Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lille and Nice.

José Fernández-Salvador was an Ecuadorian politician and jurist, known as a "liberal among the criollos". He played a major part in defining the jurisprudence of the young Ecuadorian nation, notably leading the first constitutional convention there in 1830.

Education

Through his early twenties, he accumulated studies and degrees: from 1918-1921 at the Faculty of Law in Paris; in 1922, at the Institut de Haut Enseignement commercial de Nancy; in 1924 he received a doctorate in political and economic sciences at Nancy; in 1925 he received a doctorate in jurisprudence at Nancy and became a professor of public law (“agrégé de droit public”).

During this same period, he was also a prize-winning athlete: In 1920, he was French University Champion in foot racing, winning the 400m, and again in 1921, winning the 100m, 400m and 400m high jump; that year, he also won the 200m in the France-Switzerland athletic international; in 1922, he was again university champion of France in the 100m, 400m, 400m high jump and relay race. In 1924, he was Lorraine champion in the 400m. In 1925 he was again university champion of France in the 400m.

Career

He then began a lifelong career as a professor, starting in 1926 at the Grenoble Faculty of Law (constitutional law and international public law). He remained at this faculty until 1942. Though he was named to the Paris Faculty in 1939, the mobilization of 1939 resulted in this being canceled.

In 1931, he published L'Évolution de l'Empire britannique, his first major work. He continued to publish a long list of well-received books over the years.

In 1943, he became a professor at the Paris Faculty of Law until retiring in October 1970. Originally he taught constitutional law; from 1957 he held the chair of the doctorate of the history of political ideas. From 1943 to 1967, he was also professor at the Ecole Libre des Sciences Politiques, then the Institute of Political Studies of Paris (Institut d'études politiques de Paris)- known familiarly as "Sciences Po". From 1951 to 1956 he also taught constitutional law at the Hautes Études Commerciales (HEC).

HEC Paris business school in Paris, France

HEC Paris is an international business school established in 1881 and located in Jouy-en-Josas, France. Among the most selective French grandes écoles, HEC Paris offers its flagship Master in Management, MBA and EMBA programs, specialized MSc programs, a PhD program, and executive education offerings.

From 1950 to 1951 and from 1951 to 1952, he was at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.

Institute for Advanced Study postgraduate center in Princeton, New Jersey

The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) located 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, New Jersey, in the United States, is an independent, postdoctoral research center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry founded in 1930 by American educator Abraham Flexner, together with philanthropists Louis Bamberger and Caroline Bamberger Fuld.

Princeton, New Jersey Borough in New Jersey, United States

Princeton is a municipality with a borough form of government in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States, that was established in its current form on January 1, 2013, through the consolidation of the Borough of Princeton and Princeton Township. As of the 2010 United States Census, the municipality's population was 28,572, reflecting the former township's population of 16,265, along with the 12,307 in the former borough.

On March 2, 1964, he became a member of the Institut de France in the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques, and in 1972 became the academy's president.

Institut de France French learned society, grouping five académies

The Institut de France is a French learned society, grouping five académies, including the Académie française.

Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques academy

The Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques is a French learned society. It is one of the five academies of the Institut de France.

Selected works

International Standard Book Number Unique numeric book identifier

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Footnotes

  1. Gross, Jean-Pierre, "La Constitution de l’an III: Boissy d’Anglas et la naissance du libéralisme constitutionnel" in Annales historiques de la Revolution francaise. No. 323.
  2. Lavau Georges, Haegel Florence, Legavre Jean-Baptiste. "Profession politiste. Entretien avec Georges Lavau". In: Politix, Vol. 2, N° 7-8. Octobre-décembre 1989, pp. 132-38.
  3. Chevallier, Joseph Lettres du Tonkin et du Laos, 1901-1903, L'Harmattan, 1995. ISBN   978-2-7384-3310-7

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