Judy Fierstein

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Judith Fierstein
JudyFierstein-P1020591AndrewCalvertUSGS (cropped).jpg
Fierstein in 2019 in the Sierra Nevada
TitleResearch Geologist
Academic background
Education University of California, Santa Cruz (BS, MS)
Institutions California Volcano Observatory
Website www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/judith-fierstein

Judith Ellen Fierstein is a geologist and researcher employed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), [1] [2] and affiliated with the USGS California Volcano Observatory. [3] Fierstein's research in geology has advanced the understanding of volcanism in Chile, including the history of Laguna del Maule. She is also a researcher on volcanoes in Alaska, where she is noted as an expert on Novarupta. Much of her research has been conducted with fellow geologist Wes Hildreth. They are both fellows of the Geological Society of America (GSA); [4] she was nominated by Charles R. Bacon in 2007. [5]

Contents

Education

Fierstein received a Bachelor of Science degree in 1980 and a Master of Science degree in 1989, both from the University of California, Santa Cruz. [6] : 18 

Research

Fierstein is best known for her work in the fields of volcanology and geologic mapping, [7] having published papers on the geology of the Andes, Cascades, and the Sierra Nevada, as well as on the geology of Alaska. She is also known for giving engaging presentations to teach communities about her geologic work, [8] [9] including co-leading an interpretive hike at Devils Postpile National Monument in 2016. [10]

Fierstein has also worked extensively in the study of tephra stratigraphy. [11] [12] as she has developed strategies for calculating the volume of volcanic tephra from a given eruption. [13] [14]

Collaborators

Fierstein was noted in Discover Magazine as a figure advancing women in geology; she has mentored multiple women who have successful careers in geology, including Michelle Coombs, who was a field assistant to Fierstein, [15] and Terry Keith, who worked with Fierstein on research in Alaska. [16]

Fierstein's partnership with her main research collaborator Wes Hildreth began in 1980 when Hildreth took the newly-graduated Fierstein on a trip to the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes in Katmai National Park and Preserve for geologic research. [1] [17] They have since become vital to each other's research, and they have collaborated on researching the Cascades, Andes, and Alaska. [18]

Alaska

Early in her career, Fierstein wrote articles on topics in Katmai, including the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes and the volcano Novarupta. She wrote an article on the valley, published by Alaska Historical Society in 1984, [19] and has continued publishing other papers on Katmai with Hildreth. [20] A 278-page report by Hildreth and Fierstein about Novarupta's 1912 eruption was published by the USGS in 2012, the eruption's centennial year. [21] The centennial garnered nationwide media coverage, [22] and she presented about the occasion at community events, [23] and to Alaska Public Media. [24]

For her contributions to understanding the park's geology, she has been recognized as a "Novarupta-Katmai expert" by the USGS, [25] an "expert on the 1912 eruption [of Novarupta]" by the Alaska Volcano Observatory, [26] and as a "Katmai expert" by the University of Alaska Fairbanks. [8]

Her research in Katmai has also uncovered errors in the research done by Robert Griggs, [27] but has since corrected many of them. [28] Fierstein's work has also been applied alongside the research of Bernard R. Hubbard for determining the geologic history of the area around Mount Aniakchak. [29] Copies of a paper by Fierstein were found in the files of Father Hubbard after his passing. [30]

Fierstein has also worked with volcanologist Colin Wilson on Alaskan research. [31]

Andes

Fierstein's work in South America, including research at Laguna del Maule, led to the first ever tri-national hazards map, which included Chile and Argentina. [32] Her tephra studies have also been applied to fill in the known eruptive history of the volcano. [33]

California

Fierstein has contributed to geologic research in both the Mojave National Preserve and the Mono Basin of California. [34] [35] She was an advisor to a USGS postdoctoral fellowship on volcanic hazards at Mono Basin. [36]

A professional paper by Fierstein and Hildreth was adapted into a "geonarrative" on the geology at Mammoth Mountain. [37]

Other locations

Fierstein has researched in the Cascades of both Washington and Oregon. She has researched the Three Sisters of Oregon, [38] including an instance in which she collaborated with Hildreth and other contributors to create a geologic map of the Sisters' volcanic cluster. [39]

Fierstein and Hildreth were also the first to research the stratigraphic structures making up Mount Adams in Washington and monitor the geologic changes at the mountain. [40] They published a conference paper of their geologic mapping and geothermal assessment of Mount Adams in 1990, [41] and went on to publish the geologic map with USGS in 1995. [42]

Fierstein has also worked with geologist Dave Tucker on research in the North Cascades. Tucker assisted in collecting samples for Hildreth and Fierstein at Mount Baker in the 1990s for a 2003 publication on its eruptive history. [43]

Fierstein's work with Hildreth has also been used for documenting the seismic hazards present in Western Washington. [44]

Awards

Along with Wes Hildreth, Fierstein won the Florence Bascom Geologic Mapping Award from the GSA in 2019. [45] They were nominated by Colin Wilson. [46]

Also in collaboration with Hildreth, she won the Outstanding Publication award from the Association of Earth Science Editors. [47]

Affiliations

Fierstein is an Associate Editor of the Bulletin of Volcanology . [48] She has also served as a manuscript reviewer for the journal Geology. [49]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Baker</span> Mountain in Washington state, United States

Mount Baker, also known as Koma Kulshan or simply Kulshan, is a 10,781 ft (3,286 m) active glacier-covered andesitic stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc and the North Cascades of Washington State in the United States. Mount Baker has the second-most thermally active crater in the Cascade Range after Mount St. Helens. About 30 miles (48 km) due east of the city of Bellingham, Whatcom County, Mount Baker is the youngest volcano in the Mount Baker volcanic field. While volcanism has persisted here for some 1.5 million years, the current volcanic cone is likely no more than 140,000 years old, and possibly no older than 80–90,000 years. Older volcanic edifices have mostly eroded away due to glaciation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fumarole</span> Volcanic opening that emits hot gases

A fumarole is a vent in the surface of the Earth or another rocky planet from which hot volcanic gases and vapors are emitted, without any accompanying liquids or solids. Fumaroles are characteristic of the late stages of volcanic activity, but fumarole activity can also precede a volcanic eruption and has been used for eruption prediction. Most fumaroles die down within a few days or weeks of the end of an eruption, but a few are persistent, lasting for decades or longer. An area containing fumaroles is known as a fumarole field.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Novarupta</span> Volcano in Katmai National Park, Alaska, US

Novarupta is a volcano that was formed in 1912, located on the Alaska Peninsula on a slope of Trident Volcano in Katmai National Park and Preserve, about 290 miles (470 km) southwest of Anchorage. Formed during the largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, Novarupta released 30 times the volume of magma of the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes</span> Valley within Katmai National Park and Preserve, Alaska, United States

The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes is a valley within Katmai National Park and Preserve in Alaska which is filled with ash flow from the eruption of Novarupta on June 6–8, 1912. Following the eruption, thousands of fumaroles vented steam from the ash. Robert F. Griggs, who explored the volcano's aftermath for the National Geographic Society in 1916, gave the valley its name, saying that "the whole valley as far as the eye could reach was full of hundreds, no thousands—literally, tens of thousands—of smokes curling up from its fissured floor."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Katmai</span> Stratovolcano in Katmai National Park, Alaska, USA

Mount Katmai is a large active stratovolcano on the Alaska Peninsula in southern Alaska, located within Katmai National Park and Preserve. It is about 6.3 miles (10 km) in diameter with a central lake-filled caldera about two by three miles in size, formed during the Novarupta eruption of 1912. The caldera rim reaches a maximum elevation of 6,716 feet (2,047 m). In 1975 the surface of the crater lake was at an elevation of about 4,220 feet (1,286 m), and the estimated elevation of the caldera floor is about 3,400 ft (1,040 m). The mountain is located in Kodiak Island Borough, very close to its border with Lake and Peninsula Borough. The volcano has caused ten known fatalities due to gas exposure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David A. Johnston</span> American volcanologist (1949–1980)

David Alexander Johnston was an American United States Geological Survey (USGS) volcanologist who was killed by the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in the U.S. state of Washington. A principal scientist on the USGS monitoring team, Johnston was killed in the eruption while manning an observation post six miles (10 km) away on the morning of May 18, 1980. He was the first to report the eruption, transmitting "Vancouver! Vancouver! This is it!" before he was swept away by a lateral blast; despite a thorough search, Johnston's body was never found, but state highway workers discovered remnants of his USGS trailer in 1993.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Kaguyak</span>

Mount Kaguyak is a stratovolcano located in the northeastern part of the Katmai National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. The 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) wide caldera is filled by a more than 180 m deep crater lake. The surface of the crater lake lies about 550 m below the rim of the caldera. Postcaldera lava domes form a prominent peninsula in the center of the lake. The volcano is 901 metres (2,956 ft) high and is topographically prominent because it rises from lowland areas near sea level in the south of the Big River.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Martin (Alaska)</span> Stratovolcano in the state of Alaska

Mount Martin is a stratovolcano, located on the Alaska Peninsula, United States, in Katmai National Park and Preserve. It is one of the volcanoes in the vicinity of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes. Mount Martin's cone stands only about 500 metres (1,600 ft) higher than the surrounding ridge. Although an eruption in 1953 is now considered questionable and no other confirmed eruptive activity has taken place at Mount Martin, there is intense fumarolic activity within its summit crater. The summit crater is also breached to the southeast. The 300 m (984 ft)-wide summit crater is often ice-free due to the geothermal heat and contains an intermittent acidic crater lake. The fumaroles in the summit crater produce extensive sulfur deposits.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Three Sisters (Oregon)</span> Three volcanic peaks in Oregon, U.S.

The Three Sisters are closely spaced volcanic peaks in the U.S. state of Oregon. They are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, a segment of the Cascade Range in western North America extending from southern British Columbia through Washington and Oregon to Northern California. Each over 10,000 feet in elevation, they are the third-, fourth- and fifth-highest peaks in Oregon. Located in the Three Sisters Wilderness at the boundary of Lane and Deschutes counties and the Willamette and Deschutes national forests, they are about 10 miles south of the nearest town, Sisters. Diverse species of flora and fauna inhabit the area, which is subject to frequent snowfall, occasional rain, and extreme temperature variation between seasons. The mountains, particularly South Sister, are popular destinations for climbing and scrambling.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alaska Volcano Observatory</span> Research center in Alaska, United States

The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) is a joint program of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAFGI), and the State of Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (ADGGS). AVO was formed in 1988, and uses federal, state, and university resources to monitor and study Alaska's volcanology, hazardous volcanoes, to predict and record eruptive activity, and to mitigate volcanic hazards to life and property. The Observatory website allows users to monitor active volcanoes, with seismographs and webcameras that update regularly. AVO now monitors more than 20 volcanoes in Cook Inlet, which is close to Alaskan population centers, and the Aleutian Arc due to the hazard that plumes of ash pose to aviation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Operation Fiery Vigil</span> Military operation

Operation Fiery Vigil was the emergency evacuation of all non-essential military and U.S. Department of Defense civilian personnel and their dependents from Clark Air Base and U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay during the June 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Republic of the Philippines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of volcanism on Earth</span>

This timeline of volcanism on Earth includes a list of major volcanic eruptions of approximately at least magnitude 6 on the Volcanic explosivity index (VEI) or equivalent sulfur dioxide emission during the Quaternary period. Other volcanic eruptions are also listed.

David Samuel Tucker is a geologist, author, and union organizer in Washington state. He is a research associate at Western Washington University. He was an instructor at North Cascades Institute, and the director of the Mount Baker Volcano Research Center. He writes the blog Northwest Geology Field Trips, a blog aimed at laypeople detailing where to find interesting geology in the Pacific Northwest. In 2015, he published a popular book on Washington geology, Geology Underfoot in Western Washington. He resides in Bellingham, Washington. In the 1980s he worked as a mountaineering guide in the Cascades, Mexico, and South America.

Dispersal index is a parameter in volcanology. The dispersal index was defined by George P. L. Walker in 1973 as the surface area covered by an ash or tephra fall, where the thickness is equal or more than 1/100 of the thickness of the fall at the vent. An eruption with a low dispersal index leaves most of its products close to the vent, forming a cone; an eruption with a high dispersal index forms thinner sheet-like deposits which extends to larger distances from the vent. A dispersal index of 500 square kilometres (190 sq mi) or more of coarse pumice is one proposed definition of a Plinian eruption. Likewise, a dispersal index of 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi) has been proposed as a cutoff for an ultraplinian eruption. The definition of 1/100 of the near-vent thickness was partially dictated by the fact that most tephra deposits are not well preserved at larger distances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alagogshak</span>

Alagogshak is a stratovolcano, located on the Alaska Peninsula, United States, in Katmai National Park and Preserve. It is the oldest of the volcanoes in the vicinity of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes. The volcano was recognized as a separate feature from Mount Martin in 1997. The Holocene Mount Martin stands partly on Alagogshak's deeply eroded edifice, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northeast of the Alagogshak vent. Alagogshak was last active in Pleistocene time, and was active from about 680,000 years ago to about 43,000 years ago. The remnant summit crater consists of hydrothermally altered rock. It is the only member of the Katmai volcanic group that is no longer active.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hannegan caldera</span> Geologic caldera in Washington (state)

Hannegan caldera is a 3.72 million year old volcanic collapse structure in the North Cascades of the U.S. state of Washington. The caldera collapsed during two separate volcanic eruptions that produced as much as 140 km3 of rhyolite ash.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cascade Volcanic Arc calderas</span>

The Cascade Volcanic Arc is a chain of volcanoes stretching from southern British Columbia down to northern California. Within the arc there is a variety of stratovolcanoes like Mount Rainier and broad shield volcanoes like Medicine Lake. But calderas are very rare in the Cascades, with very few forming over the 39 million year lifespan of the arc.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wes Hildreth</span> American geologist (born 1938)

Edward Wesley Hildreth III is an American geologist affiliated with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the California Volcano Observatory. Employed by the USGS since 1977 as a research geologist, Hildreth is a Department of the Interior senior scientist. Described in Wired as "one of the great volcanologists/petrologists of our time," his work in the fields of volcanology, petrology, and geologic mapping has been recognized with the Bowen Award and Thorarinsson Medal, and with fellowship in the Geological Society of America (GSA) and the American Geophysical Union. Hildreth's body of research includes work on the volcanic history of the Cascade Range, magmatism of the Long Valley Caldera, and mapping of mountain regions in the Andes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michelle Coombs</span> American geologist

Michelle Lynn Coombs is a geologist at the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO). She was the Scientist-in-Charge from 2016 to 2023. Coombs is a fellow of the Geological Society of America.

References

  1. 1 2 "2019 GSA Florence Bascom Geologic Mapping Award". The Geological Society of America . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  2. ↑ "Judith E Fierstein [Person]". ScienceBase-Directory. U.S. Geological Survey . Retrieved April 6, 2023. Also available from ScienceBase-Catalog .
  3. ↑ "Climate Group Research". Department of Geology. University at Buffalo . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  4. ↑ "Fellowship: All Active and Current GSA Fellows". The Geological Society of America .
  5. ↑ "2007 GSA Fellows Elected by Council" (PDF). GSA Today. 17 (7): 13–16. July 2007. doi:10.1130/1052-5173(2007)17[13:GFEBC]2.0.CO;2.
  6. ↑ "Alumni Notes" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Sciences at UC Santa Cruz (Newsletter): 14–30. 2011.
  7. ↑ Calvert, Andrew Todd. "Women in Science, Geologist". U.S. Geological Survey . Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  8. 1 2 Grimes, Marmian; Seibert, Stevie (April 13, 2012). "Lecture explores century of study of Novarupta eruption". University of Alaska Fairbanks . Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  9. ↑ "Baranov Museum welcomes volcano talk tonight" . Kodiak Daily Mirror . April 26, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  10. ↑ Communications and Publishing (July 13, 2016). "Young and Old Volcanoes East of the Sierra Nevada: New Map, Report and Public Events". U.S. Geological Survey .
  11. ↑ Fierstein, Judy (2007). "Explosive eruptive record in the Katmai region, Alaska Peninsula: an overview". Bulletin of Volcanology. 69 (5): 469–509. Bibcode:2007BVol...69..469F. doi:10.1007/s00445-006-0097-y. ISSN   1432-0819. S2CID   128983665.
  12. ↑ Fierstein, J.; Hildreth, W. (December 2004). "Kaguyak to Katmai: Post-Glacial Tephras in Katmai National Park, Alaska". 2004 Fall Meeting (Abstract). American Geophysical Union. Bibcode:2004AGUFM.V23A0622F.
  13. ↑ Nathenson, Manuel; Fierstein, Judy (2015). "Spread sheet to calculate tephra volume for exponential thinning" – via Ghub.
  14. ↑ Communications and Publishing (May 26, 2016). "Forecasting Ashfall Impacts from a Yellowstone Supereruption". U.S. Geological Survey . Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  15. ↑ Klemetti, Erik (March 29, 2023). "A Long Way Still to Go to Create Representative Volcanology". Discover Magazine . Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  16. ↑ Klemetti, Erik (March 27, 2023). "The Changing Face of Volcanology". Discover Magazine . Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  17. ↑ Hults, Chad P.; Fierstein, Judy (2016). Katmai National Park and Preserve and Alagnak Wild River: Geologic Resources Inventory (PDF) (Report). In Natural Resource Reports
  18. ↑ Hildreth, Wes (2005). "Thorarinsson Medal Acceptance" (PDF). IAVCEI News. 2005 (1). International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior: 7–8.
  19. ↑ Zimmerman, Christian E.; Neal, Christina A.; Haeussler, Peter J. (January 2008). "Natural Hazards, Fish Habitat, and Fishing Communities in Alaska". American Fisheries Society Symposium. 64: 375–388. S2CID   29181482. Citing "The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Katmai National Park and Preserve" (1984).
  20. ↑ Rozell, Ned (June 1, 2012). "Alaska's Novarupta volcanic eruption remembered 100 years later". Anchorage Daily News . Retrieved March 13, 2023.
  21. ↑ Hildreth, Wes; Fierstein, Judy (2012). The Novarupta-Katmai Eruption of 1912—Largest Eruption of the Twentieth Century: Centennial Perspectives. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1791 (Report). doi:10.3133/pp1791. LCCN   2011277689.
  22. ↑ Wilcox, Barbara (May 16, 2012). "Exploring The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes". Belmont, CA: Patch . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  23. ↑ "100th anniversary of Novarupta-Katmai eruption lecture April 25". University of Alaska Fairbanks . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  24. ↑ Spack, Kristin (June 7, 2012). "Novarupta – Katmai Eruption of 1912, Largest Eruption of the 20th Century". Alaska Public Media . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  25. ↑ "PubTalk: Exploring The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes". U.S. Geological Survey . June 6, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  26. ↑ "April 25 -- The Novarupta - Katmai 1912 eruption: a free lecture in Fairbanks by Judy Fierstein". Alaska Volcano Observatory . University of Alaska System. April 6, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  27. ↑ Fierstein, Judy. "The Great Eruption of 1912" (PDF). Alaska Park Science. 11 (1). Anchorage, Alaska: National Park Service: 7–13 – via ARLIS.
  28. ↑ teofilo (June 6, 2012). "Ten Thousand Smokes, One Hundred Years". Gambler's House. Wordpress.
  29. ↑ Browne, Brandon L.; Neal, Christina; Bacon, Charles R. (2022). "The ~400 yr B.P. eruption of Half Cone, a post-caldera composite cone within Aniakchak caldera, Alaska Peninsula" (PDF). Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Professional Report 126. doi:10.14509/30839. S2CID   248174850. DGGS   30839.
  30. ↑ "Hubbard (Bernard R., S.J.) Papers". Online Archive of California . Retrieved April 6, 2023. ArchivesSpace
  31. ↑ "Team Profile: Colin Wilson". Geothermal Next Generation. GNS Science. July 9, 2020. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  32. ↑ "The Volcano Disaster Assistance Program in 2021". U.S. Geological Survey . March 18, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  33. ↑ Fierstein, Judy (January 8, 2018). "Postglacial Eruptive History Established by Mapping and Tephra Stratigraphy Provides Perspectives on Magmatic System beneath Laguna del Maule, Chile". Chapman Conference (Abstract). American Geophysical Union.
  34. ↑ Schweich, Tom. "Bibliography: Eastern Mojave Vegetation". Tom Schweich. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  35. ↑ Hildreth, Wes; Fierstein, Judy; Ryan-Davis, Juliet (2021). "No ring fracture in Mono Basin, California" (PDF). GSA Bulletin. 133 (9–10): 2210–2225. Bibcode:2021GSAB..133.2210H. doi:10.1130/B35747.1. ISSN   0016-7606. S2CID   233933590. ResearchGate:349575993. USGS
  36. ↑ Mendenhall Research Fellowship Program. "Mendenhall Program: Volcano-related opportunities". U.S. Geological Survey . Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  37. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey. "Mammoth Mountain Flows, Long Valley Caldera, and Bishop Tuff" . Retrieved April 7, 2023– via ArcGIS.
  38. ↑ Fierstein, Judith E. "NGDB rock sample C188044". U.S. Geological Survey . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  39. ↑ Hildreth, Wes; Fierstein, Judy; Calvert, Andrew T. (2012). "Geologic Map of Three Sisters Volcanic Cluster, Cascade Range, Oregon". U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3186. Scientific Investigations Map. doi: 10.3133/SIM3186 . S2CID   127698991. [Database doi:10.5066/P9IYBCRI].
  40. ↑ Norris, R. D. (1991). "The Cascade volcanoes; monitoring history and current land management". U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-31. doi: 10.3133/ofr9131 . ISBN   978-1288836444. Catkey:2716407. Crater Lake Institute
  41. ↑ Hildreth, Wes; Fierstein, Judy (1998). "Geologic map and geothermal assessment of the Mount Adams volcanic field, Cascade Range of southern Washington" (PDF). Geothermal Resources Council TRANSACTIONS. 14 (2): 1455–1456. USGS
  42. ↑ Hildreth, Wes; Fierstein, Judy (1995). "Geologic map of the Mount Adams volcanic field, Cascade Range of southern Washington". U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 2460. doi: 10.3133/i2460 . Catalog.
  43. ↑ Hildreth, Wes; Fierstein, Judy; Lanphere, Marvin (2003). "Eruptive history and geochronology of the Mount Baker volcanic field, Washington". GSA Bulletin. 115 (6): 729–764. Bibcode:2003GSAB..115..729H. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2003)115<0729:EHAGOT>2.0.CO;2. ISSN   0016-7606.
  44. ↑ Manson, Connie J. (1988). "Seismic hazards of Western Washington and selected adjacent areas: Bibliography and Index, 1855–June 1988" (PDF). Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 88-4. In Washington Geologic Survey Publications Catalog
  45. ↑ "Honors & Awards: 2019 GSA Award & Medal Recipients". The Geological Society of America . Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  46. ↑ "Geological Society of America Award Winners for 2019" (Press release). Boulder: The Geological Society of America. July 2, 2019. GSA News Release No. 19-25
  47. ↑ Schwartz, Larry. "Association of Earth Science Editors Outstanding Publication Award". Minnesota State University Moorhead . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  48. ↑ "Bulletin of Volcanology: Editors". Springer . Retrieved April 6, 2023.
  49. ↑ Nguyen, Chinh T.; Gonnermann, Helge M.; Houghton, Bruce F. (2014). "Explosive to effusive transition during the largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century (Novarupta 1912, Alaska)" (PDF). Geology. 42 (8): 703–706. Bibcode:2014Geo....42..703N. doi:10.1130/G35593.1. ISSN   1943-2682.
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