Karnes Hollow | |
---|---|
Physical characteristics | |
Main source | valley on Kramer Hill in Fishing Creek Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania between 980 and 1,000 feet (300 and 300 m) |
River mouth | Fishing Creek in Benton Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania 722 ft (220 m) 41°10′25″N76°23′09″W / 41.1737°N 76.3859°W Coordinates: 41°10′25″N76°23′09″W / 41.1737°N 76.3859°W |
Length | 1.1 mi (1.8 km) |
Basin features | |
Progression | Fishing Creek → Susquehanna River → Chesapeake Bay |
Basin size | 0.90 sq mi (2.3 km2) |
Karnes Hollow is a tributary of Fishing Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.1 miles (1.8 km) long and flows through Fishing Creek Township and Benton Township. [1] The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.90 square miles (2.3 km2). The stream is named after a valley whose etymology is unknown. The surficial geology in its vicinity consists of colluvium, alluvium, Illinoian Till, Illinoian Lag, and bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale. [2]
A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage basin of its surface water and groundwater, leading the water out into an ocean.
Columbia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 67,295. Its county seat is Bloomsburg. The county was created on March 22, 1813, from part of Northumberland County and named for Columbia, a poetic name for the United States that alludes to Christopher Columbus.
Fishing Creek Township is a township in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,416 at the 2010 census.
Karnes Hollow begins in a valley on Kramer Hill in Fishing Creek Township. It flows north for a short distance before turning north-northeast for several tenths of a mile. The stream then turns northeast for several tenths of a mile, entering Benton Township. It then turns east and reaches its confluence with Fishing Creek a few hundred feet further downstream. [1]
Karnes Hollow joins Fishing Creek 20.90 miles (33.64 km) upstream of its mouth. [3]
The elevation near the mouth of Karnes Hollow is 722 feet (220 m) above sea level. [4] The elevation of the stream's source is between 980 and 1,000 feet (300 and 300 m) above sea level. [1]
A river mouth is the part of a river where the river debouches into another river, a lake, a reservoir, a sea, or an ocean.
Mean sea level (MSL) is an average level of the surface of one or more of Earth's oceans from which heights such as elevation may be measured. MSL is a type of vertical datum – a standardised geodetic datum – that is used, for example, as a chart datum in cartography and marine navigation, or, in aviation, as the standard sea level at which atmospheric pressure is measured to calibrate altitude and, consequently, aircraft flight levels. A common and relatively straightforward mean sea-level standard is the midpoint between a mean low and mean high tide at a particular location.
The source or headwaters of a river or stream is the furthest place in that river or stream from its estuary or confluence with another river, as measured along the course of the river.
Along most of the length of Karnes Hollow, the surficial geology features colluvium. However, alluvium (which contains stratified sand, silt, and gravel, as well as some boulders), is present near the mouth of the stream. There are also some patches of Illinoian Till and Illinoian Lag in the middle and upper reaches of the watershed. The surficial geology everywhere else in the stream's vicinity consists of bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale. [2]
Colluvium is a general name for loose, unconsolidated sediments that have been deposited at the base of hillslopes by either rainwash, sheetwash, slow continuous downslope creep, or a variable combination of these processes. Colluvium is typically composed of a heterogeneous range of rock types and sediments ranging from silt to rock fragments of various sizes. This term is also used to specifically refer to sediment deposited at the base of a hillslope by unconcentrated surface runoff or sheet erosion.
Alluvium is loose, unconsolidated soil or sediment that has been eroded, reshaped by water in some form, and redeposited in a non-marine setting. Alluvium is typically made up of a variety of materials, including fine particles of silt and clay and larger particles of sand and gravel. When this loose alluvial material is deposited or cemented into a lithological unit, or lithified, it is called an alluvial deposit.
Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. It is defined by size, being finer than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a textural class of soil or soil type; i.e., a soil containing more than 85 percent sand-sized particles by mass.
The watershed of Karnes Hollow has an area of 0.90 square miles (2.3 km2). [3] The stream is entirely within the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Benton. [4]
A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water. The drainage basin includes all the surface water from rain runoff, snowmelt, and nearby streams that run downslope towards the shared outlet, as well as the groundwater underneath the earth's surface. Drainage basins connect into other drainage basins at lower elevations in a hierarchical pattern, with smaller sub-drainage basins, which in turn drain into another common outlet.
The United States Geological Survey is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science disciplines, concerning biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility.
Karnes Hollow is located to the northwest of the community of Stillwater and some distance to the south of Benton. The stream is in the north-central part of Fishing Creek Township and in the east-central part of the quadrangle of Benton. [2] [5]
There are no roads crossing Karnes Hollow. However, Kramer Hill Road runs relatively close to the stream for its entire length, staying within several hundred feet of it and at times approaching to within 200 feet (61 m). [1]
Karnes Hollow was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1178233. [4]
Karnes Hollow is an unnamed stream that takes the name of the valley through which it flows. [3] The etymology of the valley is unknown. [5]
Culley Run is a tributary of Fishing Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.4 miles (2.3 km) long and flows through Benton Township. The stream's watershed has an area of 1.45 square miles (3.8 km2). Shale, sandstone, alluvium, and glacial till can be found in the watershed. At least one bridge crosses the stream. The stream is most likely named after Alexander Colley, Sr.
Swanks Run is a tributary of West Branch Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long and flows through Davidson Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.33 square miles (3.4 km2). The stream is considered to be Class A Wild Trout Waters for its entire length. Boulder Colluvium, alluvium, and bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale can be found in the vicinity of the stream. It is on Pennsylvania State Game Lands.
Laurel Run is a tributary of West Branch Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.2 miles (1.9 km) long and flows through Davidson Township. The stream is in the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Elk Grove. Wisconsinan Flow-Till, Boulder Colluvium, Wisconsinan Till Moraine, alluvium, and alluvial fan occur in the vicinity of the stream, as does bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale. The southern terminus of the late Wisconsinan glaciation is also in the area. A wood plank bridge on stone masonry abutment walls crosses the stream.
Deep Hollow is a tributary of West Branch Fishing Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 0.8 miles (1.3 km) long and flows through Davidson Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.53 square miles (1.4 km2). Wild trout naturally reproduce in the stream. The surficial geology in the area mainly features bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale, as well as a small amount of Boulder Colluvium and alluvium.
Spencer Run is a tributary of West Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.1 miles (3.4 km) long and flows through Jackson Township and Benton Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.07 square miles (5.4 km2). Wild trout naturally reproduce in the stream. The surficial geology in the area mainly features Illinoian Till, Illinoian Leg, alluvium, colluvium, and bedrock.
York Hollow is a tributary of West Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.5 miles (4.0 km) long and flows through Jackson Township and Sugarloaf Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.47 square miles (3.8 km2). Wild trout naturally reproduce in the stream. The surficial geology in the area mainly consists of Illinoian Till, Illinoian Lag, alluvium, colluvium, and bedrock.
Slip Run is a tributary of West Branch Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.1 miles (1.8 km) long and flows through Davidson Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.53 square miles (1.4 km2). Wild trout naturally reproduce within the stream. Surficial geology in the area mainly consists of alluvium, Boulder Colluvium, Wisconsinan Till Moraine, Wisconsinan Till, and bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale.
Davis Hollow is a tributary of Fishing Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.4 miles (2.3 km) long and flows through Benton Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.80 square miles (2.1 km2). The surficial geology in its vicinity mainly consists of alluvium, alluvial terrace, Wisconsinan Till, Wisconsinan Lag, Illinoian Flow-Till, and Illinoian Lag.
Bee Sellers Hollow is a tributary of Fishing Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km) long and flows through Stillwater. The watershed of Bee Sellers Hollow has an area of 1.58 square miles (4.1 km2). The stream is not considered to be impaired. The surficial geology in the area consists mainly of bedrock, along with alluvium, colluvium, Illinoian Till, and Illinoain Lag.
Black Ash Creek is a tributary of Rogers Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.9 miles (3.1 km) and flows through Ross Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 1.46 square miles (3.8 km2). The creek is not impaired. The surficial geology in its vicinity consists of alluvium, Wisconsinan Outwash, Wisconsinan Till, and bedrock.
Plank Bridge Creek is a tributary of Spring Brook in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.4 miles (3.9 km) long and flows through Spring Brook Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 1.26 square miles (3.3 km2). It is inhabited by wild trout throughout its length. The surficial geology in its vicinity mainly consists of Wisconsinan Till, bedrock, Boulder Colluvium, alluvium, and wetlands.
Panther Creek is a tributary of Spring Brook in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.7 miles (4.3 km) long and flows through Thornhurst Township, Clifton Township, and Spring Brook Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 7.18 square miles (18.6 km2). It has one named tributary, which is known as Painter Creek. Panther Creek is considered to be Class A Wild Trout Waters. The surficial geology in its vicinity consists of alluvium, alluvial terrace, Wisconsinan Till, and bedrock.
Kellum Creek is a tributary of Roaring Brook in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.9 miles (4.7 km) long and flows through Madison Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 2.56 square miles (6.6 km2). The creek is considered to be Class A Wild Trout Waters. A planned trail is in its vicinity. The surficial geology in the area consists of alluvium, bedrock, peat bogs, wetlands, Boulder Colluvium, and Wisconsinan Till.
Thurston Hollow is a tributary of Moneypenny Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.4 miles (2.3 km) long and flows through Eaton Township. The stream's watershed has an area of 1.62 square miles (4.2 km2). Thurston Hollow is not designated as an impaired waterbody. The surficial geology in its vicinity consists of Wisconsinan Till, alluvium, and bedrock. It has one unnamed tributary.
Field Brook is a tributary of Tunkhannock Creek in Susquehanna County and Wyoming County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 5.8 miles (9.3 km) long and flows through Lathrop Township in Susquehanna County and Nicholson Township in Wyoming County. The watershed of the stream has an area of 7.41 square miles (19.2 km2). The stream has one named tributary, which is known as East Branch Field Brook. The surficial geology in the vicinity of Field Brook consists of alluvium, Wisconsinan Till, alluvial terrace, alluvial fan, bedrock, wetlands, and a lake. The watershed of the stream is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery.
Brish Run is a tributary of Pine Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long and flows through Fairmount Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.66 square miles (1.7 km2). The stream has one unnamed tributary. The surficial geology in the vicinity of Brish Run mostly consists of Wisconsinan Till, but there is alluvium near its mouth and also bedrock in the area. The stream is being considered for wild trout designation.
Buck Run is a tributary of Little Muncy Creek in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.3 miles (2.1 km) long and flows through Jordan Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.81 square miles (2.1 km2). The surficial geology near the stream mostly consists of Illinoian Till and Illinoian Lag, with some alluvium and bedrock. The stream is a Coldwater Fishery and is being considered for wild trout designation. It has one unnamed tributary.
West Branch Little Muncy Creek is a tributary of Little Muncy Creek in Sullivan County and Lycoming County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 3.5 miles (5.6 km) long and flows through Davidson Township in Sullivan County and Franklin Township and Jordan Township in Lycoming County. The watershed of the creek has an area of 4.33 square miles (11.2 km2). The creek has one named tributary, which is known as West Creek. The surficial geology in the vicinity of West Branch Little Muncy Creek includes alluvium, bedrock, fill, Wisconsinan and Reworked Illinoian Till, Wisconsinan Till, Wisconsinan Flow-Till, Wisconsinan Till Moraine, and Boulder Colluvium. The creek designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery and is being considered for addition to the wild trout waters list of the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission.
Big Run is a tributary of Little Muncy Creek in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 4.3 miles (6.9 km) long and flows through Penn Township and Franklin Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 3.99 square miles (10.3 km2). The stream is impaired by a high total concentration of nitrogen. A number of bridges have been constructed across it.
Tinker Hollow is a tributary of Little Creek in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.0 mile (1.6 km) long and flows through Clifford Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.33 square miles (3.4 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody and has wild trout naturally reproducing within it. The surficial geology in its vicinity includes Wisconsinan Till, alluvium, Wisconsinan Ice-Contact Stratified Drift, bedrock, and a lake.