Kassav'

Last updated • 8 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

Kassav'
Origin Guadeloupe, France
Genres
Years active1979–present
Labels
Members
Past members
Website kassav-official.com

Kassav', also alternatively spelled Kassav, is a French Caribbean band that originated from Guadeloupe in 1979. [1] [2] [3] [4] The band's musical style is rooted in the Guadeloupean gwoka rhythm, as well as the Martinican tibwa and Mendé rhythms. [5] [6] [7] Regarded as one of the most influential bands in 20th-century French West Indies music, [8] [9] [10] Kassav is often credited with pioneering the zouk musical genre. [11] [12] [13] [14] Their musical evolution is a synthesis of cadence-lypso and compas traditions. [15]

Contents

Despite initial resistance from French record labels, which disparaged their early works as excessively "too ethnic," Kassav' tenaciously persevered, collaborating with various West Indian music producers and distributing their music through Sonodisc. [16] The term "kassav" in creole denotes a type of cassava pancake. [17] [18] [19] The band's inception can be traced to Pierre-Edouard Décimus and Fréddy Marshall, members of the Guadeloupean ensemble Les Vikings, who aspired to innovate the island's traditional music by amalgamating it with contemporary influences. [5] [20]

The integration of Georges Décimus, brother of Pierre-Edouard Décimus, and Jacob Desvarieux, a guitarist and arranger, significantly contributed to the band's gradual formation, with additional musicians subsequently joining Kassav'. [5] [20] Their debut studio album, Love and Kadance, released in 1979, heralded the advent of zouk and served as the archetypical exemplar for the genre. [21]

With a discography of over 50 albums, encompassing both band and solo projects from its members, [22] Kassav' has achieved significant international recognition. They were the first black group to perform in the Soviet Union. [23]

History

Kassav' was formed in 1979 by Pierre-Edouard Décimus (former musicians from the Les Vikings de Guadeloupe) and Paris studio musician Jacob Desvarieux. Together and under the influence of well-known Dominican, Haitian and Guadeloupean kadans or compas bands like Experience 7, Grammacks, Exile One, Les Aiglons, Tabou Combo, Les Freres Dejean, etc., they decided to make Guadeloupean carnival music recording it in a more fully orchestrated yet modern and polished style. [24] The name of the band is Antillean Creole for a local dish made from cassava root. [24]

Kassav' is the creator of the fast carnival zouk Beton style. [25] [26] The French Antilles' Kassav' was the first to apply the MIDI technology to cadence and fused the genre with funk, and Makossa. [24]

Music of Guadeloupe and Martinique:

Most authors credit Décimus, his brother Georges, the band's bassist and Desvarieux as its inventors. [27] [28] [29] Their first album was Love and Ka Dance (1980). [30] [31] The band gained popularity in their much-heralded live performances in the Parisian arena Zénith and toured widely. [32] For a band ostensibly operating in a "narrowly focused" Caribbean dance-based new genre, their success and influence on other artists was remarkable, although they were most influenced by a veritable cornucopia of other styles as noted above.

Kassav' continued to gain popularity both as a group and by several members' solo recordings and eventually peaked in 1985 with Yélélé , which featured the international hit Zouk "la sé sèl médikaman nou ni" (meaning "Zouk is the only medicine we have" in French Antillean Creole). With this hit song, zouk rapidly became a widespread dance craze in Latin America and the Caribbean, and was popular in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Zouk performers became known for wildly theatrical concerts featuring special effects, stage spectacles and colorful costumes. One important contribution of Kassav' in concert was the appearance of featured dancers on stage with the band; these dancers were in many ways as much a part of the band as any musician. Kassav' has been noted by its acolytes and aficionados as a dance band par excellence.

Among the strengths of Kassav' that helped lead to the group's success were and are its members' superior musicianship, songwriting and production skills, and worldwide audiences eager for lively dance music more sophisticated than the disco/techno-based styles that otherwise dominated dance music charts in that era. The especially gravelly singing voice of Desvarieux, Décimus's driving bass, Naimro's and Joseph's inventive keyboards and superior drum-machine-based and Vamur's solid jazz-inflected live percussion, along with dance party-inspiring simple French-creole lyrics are among unique Kassav' "trademarks". During his tenure with Kassav', St. Eloi's soaring vocals were another unique ingredient, and the romantic vocals of Marthely and Naimro's as well as Béroard's very strong vocals, a plethora of fun songs, and significant guest appearances including by Stevie Wonder and others are important parts of the Kassav' mix.

They have appeared with Admiral T, a famous reggae dancehall singer, and many other popular artists. Singer-songwriter/keyboardist Jean-Claude Naimro also appeared with world beat artist Peter Gabriel. Lead vocalist Jocelyne Béroard has also had a number of successes both solo and as a guest with other artists, being the first woman artist in the Caribbean to win certain music awards; she continues to perform with Kassav' and as a solo artist.

Jocelyne Béroard's stunning "amateur" photography of natural scenes and people seen from her unique traveling-artist perspective's island-paradise visuals [33] could be cited among their songs' inspirations. The band's songs with a "political" edge or insinuation are typically double-entendre in the African-American and calypsonian traditions well known in Caribbean dance music from which the music of Kassav' evolved.

Kassav' released another CD in 2007, All U Need Is Zouk, to substantial acclaim with another successful world tour. Nearly 30 years later the same musicians are still arguably great performers .

Originally formed solely of Guadeloupean artists (Decimus, Desvarieux, St-Eloi), within a few years Kassav' also embraced band members of Martinican ancestry (Béroard, Naimro, Marthely); their music is mostly compas that delved deep into synthesized sounds after exploring many acoustic timbres, with rhythms based fundamentally in a gwo ka (French Caribbean folkloric drumming/chanting) context, especially in earlier recordings. It has been suggested that their success was largely outside of the large U.S. music market due to a nearly total absence of English lyrics; instead, they use a very localized version of Créole Français unique to Guadeloupe and Martinique, very distinct from European French or even Haitian French Kreyòl. Their choice of language however did not limit their artistic vision, and it remains carnival-like and eminently danceable; the success of Kassav' was ongoing in the 2010s.

On 30 July 2021, Jacob Desvarieux, 65, died at the University Hospital of Abymes in Guadeloupe. He had been medically induced into a coma for almost a month. His death was attributed to COVID-19 by media reports. [34] [35] [36]

Musicians

Current

Past

Guests

Discography

Albums

Studio albums
YearAlbumPeak positions
FR
[44]
1996Cho43
2000Nou la41
2004K Toz31
2007All U Need Is Zouk58
2013Sonjé32
Live albums
Compilation albums

Singles

(Selective, charting)

YearsinglePeak positionsAlbum
FR
[44]
1988"Sye bwa"19
"Solei"40
1989"Sé dam bonjou"45
1990"Wép wép"44
"Ou lé"43

DVDs

Discography (members)

YearAlbum / EPCredited to
1982Oh Madiana EPJacob Desvarieux
Misik Ce LanmouPatrick Saint-Éloi
1983La Vie EPGeorge Décimus
BanzawaJacob Desvarieux
Ti CoqJean Philippe Marthély
1984À la demandePatrick Saint-Éloi
Yélélé Jacob Desvarieux & George Décimus
1985TouloulouJean Philippe Marthély
En BalatèJean-Claude Naimro
BiznessJean Philippe Marthély & Patrick Saint-Éloi
1986GoréeJacob Desvarieux & George Décimus
SiwoJocelyne Béroard
1991MilansJocelyne Béroard
1992BizoukPatrick Saint-Éloi
1994ZoukaminePatrick Saint-Éloi
1996MarthéloiJean Philippe Marthély & Patrick Saint-Éloi
1997Digital dreadsJean-Claude Naimro
1998LovtansPatrick Saint-Éloi
O péyiJean Philippe Marthély
1999Euphrasine BluesJacob Desvarieux
A l'OlympiaPatrick Saint-Éloi
DélikatèsJean-Claude Naimro
2002Live en MartiniqueJean Philippe Marthély
2003MadousinayJocelyne Béroard
2006Koulè lanmouJean Philippe Marthély
2008Kolo kaClaude Vamur
Joint with others

Related Research Articles

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The music of Haiti combines a wide range of influences drawn from the diverse population that has settled on this Caribbean island. It often has hints of French, African rhythms, Spanish elements and others who have inhabited the island of Hispaniola and minor native Taino influences. Styles of music unique to the nation of Haiti include music derived from rara parading music, twoubadou ballads, mini-jazz rock bands, rasin movement, hip hop Creòle, the wildly popular compas, and méringue as its basic rhythm. Haitian music is influenced mostly by European colonial ties and African migration. In the case of European colonization, musical influence has derived primarily from the French.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Music of Dominica</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Culture of Dominica</span>

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Exile One is a cadence musical group founded by Gordon Henderson in the 1970s with musicians invited over from Dominica, to be based in Guadeloupe. The band was influential in the development of Caribbean music. It became famous throughout the Caribbean, Europe, Africa and the Indian Ocean. Exile One opened the way for numerous Cadence-Lypso artists as well as for Zouk.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Les Aiglons</span>

Les Aiglons was a 1970s Guadeloupean cadence band. Their single "Cuisse-la" was the greatest selling record of any Antillean band until Kassav's Zouk la sé sèl médikaman nou ni in 1985.

Experience 7 was a Guadeloupean kadans band formed in the mid-1970s, led by Guy Houllier and Yves Honore. However, unlike Kassav' or Malavoi, the small band produced most of its songs with Henry Debs in Guadeloupe.

<i>Majestik Zouk</i> 1989 studio album by Kassav

Majestik Zouk is an album by the French Caribbean music group Kassav'. It was released in 1989 by Columbia Records in the United States, and internationally by CBS Records International.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Culture of Martinique</span>

As an overseas department of France, Martinique's culture is French and Caribbean. Its former capital, Saint-Pierre, was often referred to as the Paris of the Lesser Antilles. The official language is French, although many Martinicans speak a Creole patois. Based in French, Martinique's Creole also incorporates elements of English, Spanish, Portuguese, and African languages. Originally passed down through oral storytelling traditions, it continues to be used more often in speech than in writing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jocelyne Béroard</span> Musical artist

Jocelyne Béroard is a Martinican singer and songwriter. She is one of the lead singers of the Zouk and Compas band Kassav'. As a solo artist, she helped create zoukBeton, a music genre originated by the seminal Martinican Creole band Kassav' from Paris, the main members of which are from Guadeloupe and Martinique.

Gramacks was a cadence-lypso group from Dominica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kolé séré</span> 1987 single by Philippe Lavil & Jocelyne Beroard

"Kolé séré" is a 1986 zouk song recorded by Guadelupean band Kassav'. Written by Jocelyne Béroard with a music composed by Jean-Claude Naimro, it was covered the next year as a duet by Béroard with singer Philippe Lavil, and was released as a single in June 1987. This version was a successful hit in France, peaking at number four.

<i>Vini Pou</i> 1987 studio album by Kassav

Vini Pou is an album by the Guadeloupean band Kassav', released in 1987. It went gold in its first two weeks of release and was their first album to be widely distributed in the United States. Kassav', as a 16-piece unit, supported the album with a North American tour.

References

  1. ↑ Manuel, Peter; Bilby, Kenneth; Largey, Michael (20 June 2012). Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States: Temple University Press. p. 173. ISBN   978-1-59213-464-9.
  2. ↑ Bennett, Andy; Shank, Barry; Toynbee, Jason, eds. (2006). The Popular Music Studies Reader. Thames, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom: Psychology Press. p. 189. ISBN   978-0-415-30709-3.
  3. ↑ Nkwi, Gam, ed. (16 March 2021). Singing Our Unsung Heroes: (Re)Membering Manu Dibango, Celebrating Cameroon Music. Mankon, Bamenda, North West Region, Cameroon: African Books Collective. p. 2. ISBN   978-9956-551-82-8.
  4. ↑ Ndi-Shang, Gil (6 January 2020). Letter from America: Memoir of an Adopted Child. Denver, Colorado, United States: African Books Collective. p. 91. ISBN   978-1-942876-49-6.
  5. 1 2 3 Melyon-Reinette, Stéphanie, ed. (24 March 2021). Memorializing and Decolonizing Practices in the Francophone Caribbean and Other Spaces. Newcastle upon Tyne, England, United Kingdom: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN   978-1-5275-6771-9.
  6. ↑ Mendez, Hugo (2 December 2015). "Zouk: An Introduction". Daily.redbullmusicacademy.com. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  7. ↑ Kurlansky, Mark (18 February 1992). A Continent Of Islands: Searching For The Caribbean Destiny. Boston, Massachusetts, United States: Da Capo Press. p. 108. ISBN   978-0-201-52396-6.
  8. ↑ Torres, George, ed. (27 March 2013). Encyclopedia of Latin American Popular Music. London, England, United Kingdom: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN   979-8-216-10919-8.
  9. ↑ "Kassav' - Biographie, discographie et fiche artiste" [Kassav' - Biography, discography and artist profile]. RFI Musique (in French). Paris, France. 24 January 2024. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  10. ↑ Delhaye, Eric (11 May 2019). "Le succès international de Kassav' le prouve: le zouk, c'est du sérieux" [The international success of Kassav' proves it: zouk is serious]. www.telerama.fr (in French). Paris, France. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  11. ↑ Hanly, Francis; May, Tim, eds. (1989). Rhythms of the World. London, England, United Kingdom: BBC Books. p. 12. ISBN   978-0-563-20790-0.
  12. ↑ Berrian, Brenda F. (15 June 2000). Awakening Spaces: French Caribbean Popular Songs, Music, and Culture. Chicago, Illinois, United States: University of Chicago Press. p. 42. ISBN   978-0-226-04455-2.
  13. ↑ "Jacob Desvarieux, guitariste du groupe antillais Kassav' et pionnier du zouk, est mort" [Jacob Desvarieux, guitarist of the West Indian group Kassav' and pioneer of zouk, has died]. Le Monde.fr (in French). Paris, France. 31 July 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  14. ↑ Monaheng, Ts'eliso (22 May 2024). "Kassav, and Jozi's love for zouk". Africasacountry.com. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  15. ↑ Neva Wartell. "Zouk - Tracing the History of the Music to its Dominican Roots". The Dominican. Reprinted from National Geographic. Retrieved 10 August 2010.
  16. ↑ "Kassav': podcasts et actualités" [Kassav': podcasts and news]. Radio France (in French). Paris, France. 1 January 1970. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  17. ↑ Reiss, Timothy J., ed. (2005). Music, Writing, and Cultural Unity in the Caribbean. Trenton, New Jersey, United States: Africa World. p. 391. ISBN   978-1-59221-177-7.
  18. ↑ Mandouélé, Doris (8 August 2021). "Quand la musique renoue les cœurs blessés: KASSAV, un groupe qui a pu relier les Antilles à l'Afrique!" [When music reconnects wounded hearts: KASSAV, a group that was able to connect the West Indies to Africa!]. Les Echos du Congo Brazzaville (in French). Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  19. ↑ Dowrich-Phillips, Laura (18 November 2018). "Watch: Kassav heads to 40th anni with possible Machel Montano collab". Loop News. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  20. 1 2 "Pierre-Edouard Décimus". guadeloupe.net (in French). Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  21. ↑ Andrews, Adrianne R.; Adjaye, Joseph K., eds. (1997). Language, Rhythm, & Sound: Black Popular Cultures Into the Twenty-first Century. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States: University of Pittsburgh Pre. p. 209. ISBN   978-0-8229-7177-1.
  22. ↑ Dowrich-Phillips, Laura (30 July 2021). "Kassav co-founder Jacob Desvarieux has died". Loop News. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  23. ↑ "KASSAV: First group to represent the Seychelles". Domizik75.tripod.com. November 2000. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  24. 1 2 3 Guilbault, Jocelyne (15 November 1993). Zouk: World Music in the West Indies. Chicago, Illinois, United States: University of Chicago Press. pp. 21–41. ISBN   978-0-226-31041-1.
  25. ↑ Ellingham, Mark; Trillo, Richard; Broughton, Simon, eds. (2000). World Music: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific. London, England, United Kingdom: Rough Guides. p. 297. ISBN   978-1-85828-636-5.
  26. ↑ Jong, Nanette de, ed. (4 August 2022). The Cambridge Companion to Caribbean Music. Cambridge, England, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 167. ISBN   978-1-108-38641-8.
  27. ↑ The Reggae & African Beat: Volumes 6-7. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Bongo Productions. 1987. pp. 31–43.
  28. ↑ Nettl, Bruno; Turino, Thomas; Wong, Isabel; Capwell, Charles; Bolman, Philip; Dueck, Byron; Rommen, Timmothy (25 September 2015). Excursions in World Music. Thames, Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom: Routledge. p. 334. ISBN   978-1-317-35030-9.
  29. ↑ Ellingham, Mark; Trillo, Richard; Broughton, Simon, eds. (2000). World Music: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific. London, England, United Kingdom: Rough Guides. p. 301. ISBN   978-1-85828-636-5.
  30. ↑ LLC, SPIN Media (December 1988). SPIN. New York City, New York State, United States: SPIN Media LLC. p. 107.
  31. ↑ Andrew, Adrianne R.; Adjaye, Joseph K., eds. (1997). Language, Rhythm, & Sound: Black Popular Cultures Into the Twenty-first Century. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 209. ISBN   978-0-8229-7177-1.
  32. ↑ Winders, J. (5 June 2007). Paris Africain: Rhythms of the African Diaspora. Jersey City, New Jersey, United States: Palgrave Macmillan US. p. 51. ISBN   978-0-230-60207-6.
  33. ↑ "jendayee's (Flickr.com) Photostream". Flickr. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
  34. ↑ "Kassav co-founder Jacob Desvarieux has died | Loop Trinidad & Tobago". Loop News. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
  35. ↑ "Jacob Desvarieux, the leader of the Kassav group, is dead". News in 24 Lifestyle English. 31 July 2021. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
  36. ↑ "Death of Jacob Desvarieux: the guitarist of the Kassav Group died at the age of 65". PressFrom - UK. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
  37. ↑ "Décès de César Durcin, ancien percussionniste de Kassav". 11 February 2016.
  38. ↑ "Freddy Hovsepian nous quitte à 77 ans après une belle carrière". 12 February 2021.
  39. ↑ "Obituary of Patrick Saint Eloi (in French)". France 24. Archived from the original on 21 September 2010. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
  40. ↑ Dawrich-Phillips, Laura (30 July 2021). "Kassav co-founder Jacob Desvarieux has died". Loop News. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  41. ↑ "Mort d'Edith Lefel, chanteuse de musique antillaise". Le Monde.fr. 22 January 2003.
  42. ↑ "Le guitariste martiniquais "Ryco" Loza est décédé". 24 February 2022.
  43. ↑ "Le saxophoniste Alain Hatot est décédé - les brèves - News - TSF Jazz : La première radio jazz de France".
  44. 1 2 "Kassav' discography". swedishcharts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
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