Khadga dynasty

Last updated

Khadga dynasty
660 CE–750 CE
CapitalKarmanta Vasaka
Religion
Buddhism [1]
GovernmentMonarchy
Raja  
 625-640
Khadgodyama (first)
 716-?
Udirnakhadga (last)
Historical era Classical period
 Established
660 CE
 Disestablished
750 CE
Today part of Bangladesh
India

The Khadga dynasty (Bengali : খড়্গ বংশ) was a Buddhist dynasty which ruled the areas of Vanga and Samatata in Bengal from 660 CE to 750 CE. [2] Chronologically, the dynasty emerged as a powerful kingdom between the fall of Gauda Kingdom and the rise of the Pala Empire. Their ascendancy may have been immediately preceded by the overthrow of a previously ruling Bhadra dynasty. [3] While they did not assume imperial titles, the Khadgas retained sovereignty over the ancient kingdom of Vanga and later conquered Samatata. [4] It was succeeded by the Deva dynasty. [5]

List of rulers

Titular NameReignNotes
Khadgodyama (খড়্গোদ্যম)625-640Father of Jatakhadga
Jatakhadga (জাতখড়্গ)640-658Father of Devakhadga
Devakhadga (দেবখড়্গ)658-673Queen Prabhavati (প্রভাবতী)
Rajabhatta (রাজভট্ট)673-707Son of Devakhadga
Balabhatta (বলভট্ট)707-716Son of Devakhadga
Udirnakhadga (উদীর্ণখড়্গ) ??

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bengal</span> Region in the eastern Indian subcontinent

Bengal is a historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. The region of Bengal proper is divided between the modern-day sovereign nation of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal.

Shashanka was the first independent king of a unified polity in the Bengal region, called the Gauda Kingdom. He reigned in the 7th century, some historians place his rule between c. 600 and 636/7 CE, whereas other sources place his reign between 590 and 625 CE.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Bengal</span>

The history of Bengal is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions of South Asia and Southeast Asia. It includes modern-day Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam's Karimganj district, located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, at the apex of the Bay of Bengal and dominated by the fertile Ganges delta. The region was known to the ancient Greeks and Romans as Gangaridai, a powerful kingdom whose war elephant forces led the withdrawal of Alexander the Great from India. Some historians have identified Gangaridai with other parts of India. The Ganges and the Brahmaputra rivers act as a geographic marker of the region, but also connects the region to the broader Indian subcontinent. Bengal, at times, has played an important role in the history of the Indian subcontinent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chandra dynasty</span> Ancient Indian dynasty of Bengal region

The Chandra dynasty was a Buddhist dynasty, originating from the South East Bengal region of Indian subcontinent, which ruled the Samatata area of Bengal, as well as Arakan. Later it was a neighbor to the Pala Empire to the north. Rulers of Chandra kingdom were adherents of Buddhism. The Kings of Chandra dynasty were identified as the kings of Vangaladesha in the Tirumulai inscription of Chola dynasty. The dynasty was founded around the 4th century AD.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bengalis</span> Ethnic group native to Bangladesh and India

Bengalis, also rendered as endonym Bangalee, are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the Bengal region of South Asia. The population is divided between the sovereign country Bangladesh and the Indian regions of West Bengal, Tripura, Barak Valley, Goalpara, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and parts of Meghalaya, Manipur and Jharkhand. Most speak Bengali, a language from the Indo-Aryan language family. Sub-section 2 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Bangladesh states, "The people of Bangladesh shall be known as Bengalis as a nation and as Bangladeshis as citizens."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vanga kingdom</span> Ancient Hindu kingdom in Eastern India

Vaṅga was an ancient kingdom and geopolitical division within the Ganges delta in the Indian subcontinent. The kingdom is one of the namesakes of the Bengal region. It was located in southern Bengal. Vanga features prominently in the epics and tales of ancient India as well as in the history of Sri Lanka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muradnagar Upazila</span> Upazila in Chittagong, Bangladesh

Muradnagar is an upazila of the Comilla District in Chittagong Division, Bangladesh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pundravardhana</span> Ancient Indian kingdom

Pundravardhana or Pundra Kingdom, was an ancient kingdom of Iron Age South Asia located in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent with a territory that included parts of present-day Rajshahi and parts of Rangpur Division of Bangladesh as well as the West Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India. The capital of the kingdom, then known as Pundranagara, was located at Mahasthangarh in Bogra District of northern Bangladesh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samatata</span> Ancient geopolitical division and kingdom of Bengal

Samataṭa was an ancient geopolitical division of Bengal in the eastern Indian subcontinent. The Greco-Roman account of Sounagoura is linked to the kingdom of Samatata. Its territory corresponded to much of present-day eastern Bangladesh and parts of the Rakhine State of Myanmar. The area covers the trans-Meghna part of the Bengal delta. It was a center of Buddhist civilisation before the resurgence of Hinduism, and Muslim conquest in the region.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harikela</span> Kingdom in ancient Bengal

Harikela was an ancient kingdom located in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent. Originally, it was an independent township of ancient eastern Bengal, which had a continuous existence of about 500 years. The state of Harikal consisted of present-day Sylhet and Chittagong divisions of Bangladesh, as well as parts of the Tripura state of India.

Srichandra was the second and most influential ruler of the Chandra Dynasty in eastern Bengal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Deva dynasty</span> Bengali Hindu dynasty (c. 12th-13th centuries CE)

Deva Dynasty was a Bengali Hindu Kayastha dynasty which originated in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent; the dynasty ruled over eastern Bengal after the Sena dynasty. The capital of the dynasty was Bikrampur in present-day Munshiganj District of Bangladesh.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Meghna Division</span> Proposed division in Bangladesh

Meghna Division is a proposed administrative division within Bangladesh for the north-western parts of the existing Chittagong Division, comprising Brahmanbaria, Comilla, Chandpur, Noakhali, Feni, and Laxmipur Districts of Chittagong Division. The headquarter of the division is in Comilla. It covers the south-easternmost areas of the country, with a total area of 12,848.53 km2 (4,960.85 sq mi) and a population at the 2011 census of 16,708,000.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kingdom of Gauda</span> Classical period Indian subcontinent kingdom

The Gauḍa kingdom was a kingdom during the Classical era in the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the Gauda region of Bengal in 4th century CE or possibly earlier.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Names of Bengal</span>

Bengal is a region in South Asia, politically split between Bangladesh and India. Due to its long history and complicated political divisions, various names have been used to refer to the region and its subsections. The name Bangla is used by both Bangladesh and West Bengal in international contexts. In the Bengali language, the two Bengals each use a different term to refer to the nominally identified nation: Bānglā and Baṅga

The Khalji dynasty was the first Muslim dynasty to rule the Bengal region in the Indian subcontinent. The dynasty, which hailed from the Garmsir region of present-day Afghanistan, was founded in 1204 by Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji, a Muslim Turko-Afghan general of the Ghurid Empire. The Khaljis initially pledged allegiance to Sultan Muhammad of Ghor until his death in 1206, though their rule in Bengal was mostly independent. Under the rule of Iwaz Khalji, Bengal experienced major developments such as its first naval force, flood defence systems and linkage with the Grand Trunk Road. The dynasty was based in the city of Lakhnauti in northern Bengal, later expanding eastwards and southwards. Nasiruddin Mahmud, the son of Mamluk sultan Iltutmish of Delhi managed to conquer Bengal in 1227; although the Khaljis briefly reasserted their independence, they surrendered to the Mamluks in 1231, who replaced them with a series of regional governors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bhadra dynasty</span> Former royal house of Samatata

The Bhadra dynasty was a Bengali Brahmin royal house which had reigned over the kingdom of Samatata of ancient Bengal, located in what is present-day Bangladesh and India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Jessore</span> Region of Bangladesh

The Greater Jessore region predominantly includes the districts of Jessore, Jhenaidah, Narail and Magura in Bangladesh, as well as the Bangaon subdivision of India. Nestled close to the Sundarbans, the region experienced human settlement early on. It served as the capital city of the Samatata realm and passed through several Buddhist and Hindu kingdoms such as the Palas and Senas. Jessore was ruled by Khan Jahan Ali of Khalifatabad, under the Muslim Sultanate of Bengal, who is credited with establishing the Qasbah of Murali and urbanising the region through advancements in transportation and civilization. Jessore later came to be ruled by various chieftains such as Pratapaditya and became familiar to contemporary European travellers as Chandecan before being annexed to the Mughal Empire in the seventeenth century. By 1757, the British East India Company had dominated and started to establish themselves in the region. British rule lasted up until 1947, with Jessore coming under the Provisional Government of Bangladesh from 1971 onwards.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sena revolution of Bengal</span>

Deopara Prashasti described the founder of Sena dynasty Samanthasena, as a migrant Brahmaksatriya from Karnataka. The epithet 'Brahma-Kshatriya' suggests that Senas were Brahmins by caste who took the profession of arms and became Kshatriyas. The Sena kings were also probably Baidyas, according to historian P.N. Chopra.

References

  1. "Khaḍga dynasty". Oxford Dictionary of Buddhism. 2004.
  2. Sailendra Nath Sen (1 January 1999). Ancient Indian History And Civilization. New Age International. p. 277. ISBN   978-81-224-1198-0 . Retrieved 18 April 2012.
  3. Bari, Latiful, ed. (1979). Bangladesh District Gazetteers: Jessore. Bangladesh Government Press. p. 39.
  4. Ray, Krishnendu (2012). "Khadga Dynasty". In Islam, Sirajul; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN   984-32-0576-6. OCLC   52727562. OL   30677644M . Retrieved 1 September 2024.
  5. Singer, Noel F. (2008). Vaishali and the Indianization of Arakan. New Delhi: APH Publishing Corp. ISBN   978-81-313-0405-1. OCLC   244247519.