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The kopeck or kopek [a] is or was a coin or a currency unit of a number of countries in Eastern Europe closely associated with the economy of Russia. It is usually the smallest denomination within a currency system; 100 kopeks are worth 1 ruble or 1 hryvnia.
Originally, the kopeck was the currency unit of Imperial Russia, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and then the Soviet Union (as the Soviet ruble). As of 2020 [update] , it is the currency unit of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. The Russian kopeck is also used in two regions of Georgia, and the partially recognised states (including by Russia) of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Partially recognised Transnistria has its own kopeck. In the past, several other countries influenced by Russia and the Soviet Union had currency units that were also named kopecks.
The name of the coin of Azerbaijan comes from the word kopeck – gapik (Azerbaijani : qəpik, 1⁄100 manat).
No country's kopeck is currently subdivided, although the denga (1⁄2 kopeck) and polushka (1⁄4 kopeck) were minted off and on for centuries, until the fall of the Romanov dynasty in February 1917 (O.S.)/March 1917 (N.S.).
The word kopek, kopeck, copeck, or kopeyka (in Russian: копейка, kopeyka) is a diminutive form of the Russian kop'yo (копьё)—a spear [ citation needed ]. The first kopek coins, minted at Novgorod and Pskov from about 1534 onwards, show a horseman with a spear. From the 1540s on, the horseman bore a crown; doubtless the intention was to represent Ivan the Terrible, the grand prince of all Russia until 1547, and tsar thereafter. Subsequent minting of the coin, starting in the 18th century, instead bore Saint George striking down a serpent with spear, hence kopek from kop'yo (копьё).
In French, kopeck usually designates something of little value or interest: "cela ne vaut pas un kopek ".
Decimalisation or decimalization is the conversion of a system of currency or of weights and measures to units related by powers of 10.
The ruble or rouble is the currency of the Russian Federation. The ruble is subdivided into 100 kopecks. It is used in Russia as well as in the parts of Ukraine under Russian military occupation and in Russian-occupied parts of Georgia.
The grivna was a currency as well as a measure of weight used in Kievan Rus' and other states in Eastern Europe from the 11th century.
The manat is the currency of Azerbaijan. It is subdivided into 100 gapiks.
The coat of arms of Russia derives from the earlier coat of arms of the Russian Empire. Though modified more than once since the reign of Ivan III (1462–1505), the current coat of arms is directly derived from its medieval original, with the double-headed eagle having Byzantine and earlier antecedents. The general tincture corresponds to the fifteenth-century standard.
The Transnistrian ruble is the currency of the internationally unrecognized state of Transnistria. It is divided into 100 kopecks.
The ruble, rouble or rubel is the currency of Belarus. It is subdivided into 100 kopecks.
The ruble or rouble was the currency of the Soviet Union. It was introduced in 1922 and replaced the Imperial Russian ruble. One ruble was divided into 100 kopecks. Soviet banknotes and coins were produced by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise in Moscow and Leningrad.
The ruble or rouble is the currency unit of Russia and Belarus. Historically, it was the name of the currency of the Russian Empire and, later, of the Soviet Union.
The maneti was the currency of the Democratic Republic of Georgia and the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic between 1919 and 1923. It replaced the first Transcaucasian rouble at par and was subdivided into 100 kopecks. It was replaced by the second Transcaucasian rouble after Georgia became part of the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.
The akşa was the currency of the Tuvan People's Republic (Tannu-Tuva) between 1934 and 1944 and was equal to the Soviet ruble upon introduction. It was subdivided into 100 kɵpejek. Akşa in the Tuvan language simply means "money".
The Central Bank of Armenia is the central bank of Armenia with its headquarters in Yerevan. The CBA is an independent institution responsible for issuing all banknotes and coins in the country, overseeing and regulating the banking sector and keeping the government's currency reserves. The CBA is also the sole owner of the Armenian Mint.
The coat of arms of Moscow depicts a horseman with a spear in his hand slaying a basilisk and is identified with Saint George and the Dragon. The heraldic emblem of Moscow has been an integral part of the coat of arms of Russia since the 16th century.
A denga was a Russian monetary unit with a value latterly equal to 1⁄2 kopeck.
Chervonets is the traditional Russian name for large foreign and domestic gold coins. The name comes from the Russian term червонное золото, meaning 'red gold' – the old name of a high-grade gold type.
A beard tax is a governmental policy that requires men to pay for the privilege of wearing a beard. The most well documented beard tax was in place in Russia during the 18th century.
The gapik is a monetary unit of Azerbaijan, equal to 1⁄100 of the Azerbaijani manat. The 2006 redenomination of the manat introduced coins of 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 50 gapiks into circulation.
Money in the form of coins was first used in the territory of Azerbaijan in the time of Cyrus the Great first then Alexander the Great as well as before, and continued under the Roman Empire and the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates.
The Big Exchange is a 1992 Russian-American comedy film directed by Georgiy Shengeliya.
The Russian Empire minted platinum coins from 1828 to 1845, with face values of 3, 6 and 12 rubles.
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