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The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz (KHI) is one of the oldest research institutions dedicated to the history of art and architecture in Italy, where facets of European, Mediterranean and global history are investigated.
Founded in 1897 by a group of independent scholars, it has been under the auspices of the Max Planck Society since 2002. Approximately seventy scholars are currently employed at the Institute, which is run by two directors, and the promotion of international young academics is high on its internal agenda. In addition to numerous individual research projects, those funded by third parties and numerous collaborations with international universities, museums and research institutes, Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz provides a platform for larger long and medium term projects whose subject matter ranges from Late Antiquity to the Modern Age.
The Institute's resources, including the library with over 360,000 volumes, some of which are extremely rare, over 1,070 ongoing journal subscriptions, and one of the most wide-ranging photographic libraries on Italian art, are available to researchers from all over the world, [1] including part of the collection of Evelyn Sandberg-Vavalà. [2] The Institute also offers a programme of public academic events.
The idea of creating an art historical research institute in Florence was first discussed within a circle of academics, connoisseurs and artists gathered around the collector Baron Karl Eduard von Liphart. [3] In the winter semester of 1888/89, August Schmarsow, professor of art history at Breslau, taught courses at various locations in Florence. Schmarsow is considered by many to be the prime initiator of the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz. [4]
The library's books were removed by the Germans during World War II. After the war, many of the major collections looted from Italy were identified by the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives service of the American military government and returned to their owners. The Collegio Rabbinico Italiano, the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz, and the Deutsche Historische Bibliothek Rom were all returned, although not all were intact, to their owners in Italy. "These last two collections were seized by Hitler with the idea of re-establishing them in Germany." [5]
There is a photograph in the National Archives and Records Administration showing the unloading of some of these re-captured books. The caption reads: "The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz, Library, is being unloaded at the Offenbach Archival Depot 9 July 1945. Three freight cars, 578 cases of books and catalogs of paintings, were brought from the Heilbronn salt mine in Württemburg-Baden where they were kept since brought from Italy." [6]
The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck. The society is funded by the federal and state governments of Germany.
Museo Galileo is located in Florence, Italy, in Piazza dei Giudici, along the River Arno and close to the Uffizi Gallery. The museum, dedicated to astronomer and scientist Galileo Galilei, is housed in Palazzo Castellani, an 11th-century building which was then known as the Castello d'Altafronte.
August Schmarsow was a German art historian.
The Bibliotheca Hertziana – Max Planck Institute for Art History is a German research institute located in Rome, Italy. It was founded by a donation of Henriette Hertz in 1912 as a Kaiser Wilhelm Institute. Of the 84 institutes in the Max Planck Society, it is one of the few not located in Germany. The institute is situated in the historical centre of Rome near Trinità dei Monti in a cluster of four buildings along the Via Gregoriana: the 16th-century Palazzo Zuccari, the adjacent Palazzo Stroganoff, the Villino Stroganoff across the road and the new library building designed by the Spanish architect Juan Navarro Baldeweg.
KHI may refer to:
Federico Zeri was an Italian art historian specialised in Italian Renaissance painting. He wrote for the Italian newspaper La Stampa, and was a well known television-personality in Italy.
Mario Sarto was an important sculptor of religious and commemorative art, renowned for the vast statuary present in the Monumental Cemetery of Bologna.
The Loggia Rucellai is an Italian Renaissance loggia in Florence, Italy. It stands opposite Palazzo Rucellai in the Via della Vigna Nuova, and faces onto Piazza de' Rucellai. It was built by Giovanni di Paolo Rucellai in the 1460s; it may have been designed by Leon Battista Alberti, but this attribution is disputed. Originally intended as a place for the Rucellai family to have weddings and other celebrations, it is now glazed and used as a shop.
Stefano Bardini (1836–1922) was an Italian connoisseur and art dealer in Florence who specialized in Italian paintings, Renaissance sculpture, cassoni and other Renaissance and Cinquecento furnishings and architectural fragments that came on the market during the urban regeneration of Florence in the 1860s and 70s.
The Florence Declaration – Recommendations for the Preservation of Analogue Photo Archives is an initiative of the Photo Library of the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz.
Art historical photo archives are collections of reproductions of works of art that document paintings, drawings, prints, sculpture, architecture and sometimes installation photos. They are essential resource tools for the study of art history. Image collections deepen understanding of specific objects of art and the careers of individual artists as they also provide the means for a comparative approach to the study of artists’ works, national schools and period styles. The documentation that accompanies the images can also reveal patterns of art collecting, art market fluctuations and the changeable nature of public opinion. Photo archives build their collections and gather documentation for the works of art they record through purchases, gifts and photography campaigns. Information about ownership, condition, attribution, and subject identification is recorded at the time of acquisition and is frequently updated.
The Annunciation is a painting by the Italian late medieval painter Ambrogio Lorenzetti, signed and dated 1344, now housed in the Pinacoteca Nazionale of Siena. It was painted for the Ufficio della Gabella of the commune of Siena, as specified by two-line signature at the bottom. It was originally located in the Consistory Hall of the Palazzo Pubblico.
Ludwig Heinrich Heydenreich was a German art historian specialized in Italian Renaissance art. From 1947 to 1970, he served as director of the Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte, Munich.
Maria Ormani, was an Italian Augustinian Hermit nun-scribe and manuscript illustrator.
Ulrich Pfisterer is a German art historian whose scholarship focuses on the art of Renaissance Italy. He is currently a professor of art history at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and the director of the Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte.
Eve Borsook was a Canadian-born American art historian, teacher and author, specialising in murals. Her other interests included the history of glass in relation to mosaics, 16th century Florentine ceremonial decoration, and Italian cloister art.
Julian Richard Gardner is a British art historian and Professor Emeritus at the University of Warwick. A scholar of late medieval and renaissance Italian art, particularly patronage, and a Giotto di Bondone specialist whose expertise has led to a number of scholarships and appointments as visiting professor at various institutions both in Europe and America.
Evelyn Sandberg-Vavalà, also known by her married name as Evelyn Kendrew, was a British art historian who studied iconography in the Italian Renaissance.
Alessandro Ferruccio Nova is an Italian art historian who specialises in the Renaissance. He is Director Emeritus of the Art History Institute of Florence (KHI) – the Max-Plank-Institute and Honorary Professor of Goethe University Frankfurt.