Megophryidae, commonly known as goose frogs, is a large family of frogs native to the warm southeast of Asia, from the Himalayan foothills eastwards, south to Indonesia and the Greater Sunda Islands in Maritime Southeast Asia, and extending to the Philippines. Fossil remains are also known from North America. As of 2014 it encompasses 246 species of frogs divided between five genera. For lack of a better vernacular name, they are commonly called megophryids.
Rhacophorus is a genus of frogs in the shrub frog family (Rhacophoridae) and the related Hylidae make up the true tree frogs. They are found in India, Japan, China, and Southeast Asia. Over 40 species are currently recognised.
Leptolalax is a genus of frogs in the family Megophryidae. They are sometimes known as Asian toads, metacarpal-tubercled toads, or slender litter frogs, although many species-specific common names do not follow these conventions, and many species do not have common names. They are widely distributed in southeastern and eastern Asia, from southern China and northeastern India to the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. Leptolalax are typically small and have a cryptic colour pattern and no obvious morphological characters useful in systematic studies. Consequently, both molecular genetic analyses and analysis of advertisement calls by male frogs have been important in identifying new species.
Leptolalax bourreti is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is known with certainty only from the vicinity of its type locality in Sa Pa in northern Vietnam. Earlier records from Laos refer to Leptolalax eos and those from Thailand probably to an unnamed species. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. Its status is insufficiently known.
Leptobrachella liui, also known as Fujian Asian toad or Fujian metacarpal-tubercled toad, is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. Originally described from Chong'an in Fujian, it is now known to be widely distributed in southern and southeastern China from Zhejiang and Fujian west to Guizhou and Guangxi.
Leptolalax nahangensis is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Tuyên Quang Province, northern Vietnam. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests, rivers, and caves. Its status is insufficiently known. This species has only been found near the entrance to a cave in Na Hang Nature Reserve.
Leptolalax pelodytoides is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is known with reasonable certainty only from near its type locality, the Karen Hills region in the Kayah State, eastern Myanmar. As Leptolalax pelodytoides was one of the first megophryid species to be described from the region, later research has shown that many specimens that have been reported as L. pelodytoides represent other species, including Leptolalax bourreti, Leptolalax oshanensis, Leptolalax eos, and Leptolalax minimus. A consequence is that the most recent IUCN assessment reports much broader distribution for this species than what can be ascertained.
Leptolalax pluvialis is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is only known from its type locality, Fansipan mountain range in northern Vietnam, although it is expected to be found also in adjacent Yunnan, China. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist montane forests and rivers. Its status is insufficiently known.
Leptolalax sungi is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is found in Vĩnh Phúc and Lào Cai Provinces in northern Vietnam and in Guangxi in southern China. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. Its status is insufficiently known. This species was first found along a stream near Tam Đảo village, about 925 meters ASL.
Leptobrachella tuberosa, also known as the granular toad, is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. As currently known, it is endemic to the Central Highlands of Vietnam in Gia Lai, Quảng Nam, and Thừa Thiên–Huế Provinces. Its true range is probably wider as suitable habitat extends further north and east, reaching northeastern Cambodia and southeastern Laos. The specific name tuberosa is derived from the Latin tuberosus, meaning "full of protuberances".
Scutiger is a genus of toads in the family Megophryidae. Common name lazy toads has been coined for them. They occur in China, Burma, Nepal, and northern India in high-altitude habitats. Most are endemic to China.
Minervarya is a genus of frogs in the family Dicroglossidae from south Asia, and Nepal and Bhutan. They are also known as cricket frogs or rice frogs.
Philautus kempii is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is known with certainty from its type locality, Upper Rotung in Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India, in the area also claimed by China. It is also reported from Arunachal Pradesh in general as well as from extreme eastern Tibet; these might represent another species. Very little is known about this species, and even its taxonomic validity remains uncertain.
Leptolalax applebyi is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Vietnam where it is only known from near its type locality, Song Thanh Nature Reserve, Phước Sơn District in Quảng Nam Province of central Vietnam.
Gracixalus is a genus of shrub frogs from south-eastern Asia.
Leptolalax melicus is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Cambodia where it is only known from near its type locality, Virachey National Park, Ratanakiri Province; it is expected to have a wider distribution that may reach Laos and Vietnam. Leptolalax melicus have only been found near rocky streams in evergreen forest between 650–850 m (2,130–2,790 ft) altitude.
Leptobrachella aerea is a species of frogs in the family Megophryidae. It is known from Vilabouli District, Savannakhet Province, Laos and from Hà Tĩnh, Nghệ An, Thanh Hóa, and Quảng Bình Provinces of Vietnam.
Leptolalax ardens is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae.
Leptobrachella lateralis is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It was first described by John Anderson (1871), who originally named it Ixalus lateralis. The holotype is lost and its exact origins are uncertain, but it was likely collected "from some portion of the surrounding region [of Bhamò]", Myanmar. It is only known with confidence from the region of its type locality and from Nagaland in Northeast India. Its range might extend into Yunnan, China. It is sometimes called Nagaland Asian toad or Nagaland leaf litter toad.
Annemarie Ohler is an Austrian herpetologist and professor who concentrates on the taxonomy of amphibians. She has 3,602 citations and an h-index of 36.
