The Leybucht is the second largest bay in East Frisia in northwest Germany after the Dollart. The Jade Bight is larger than both, but belongs historically to Oldenburg.
The Leybucht is the second largest bay in East Frisia in northwest Germany after the Dollart. The Jade Bight is larger than both, but belongs historically to Oldenburg.
The Leybucht lies in western East Frisia between the port of Greetsiel and Norddeich, about 18 kilometres north of Emden and 25 kilometres west of the county town of Aurich. It has an area of about 19 km².
The Leybucht was formed after the first reliably recorded storm surge along the Dutch coast on 26 December 838. [1] About 2,500 people died in the area of the coast affected by this natural disaster. [2] Following the storm surges of 1374 and 1376 the bay attained its maximum extent with an area of 129 km² and stretched from Greetsiel in the west to Marienhafe in the east and from the edge of the town of Norden as far as Canhusen (in the municipality of Hinte) in the south. In the following centuries, more and more dykes were built to create polders, so that by 1950 the bay had been reduced to its present size. The last land reclamation took place in 1947–1950 with the construction of the Störtebeker dyke, which enclosed the Leybucht Polder and the coast line was straightened. In the following years there were plans to reclaim the entire bay in order to shorten the line of dykes significantly and to improve coastal protection. This measure was eventually rejected on nature conservation grounds.. Only a few, small coastal defence measures were implemented (e. g. the reclamation of the Leyhörn in 1991).
To reinforce the dyke system the first preparations began in 1985 to build the New Störtebeker Dyke (Neue Störtebekerdeichesitungen) which was completed in 2000, and which was laid out in front of the old dyke, the salt marshes in front of it being largely saved.
The Leybucht lies in the Lower Saxon Wadden Sea National Park (Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer) and belongs to Zone I. It enjoys special protection, not least because of the fauna and flora of its salt marshes.
The Leybucht Polder was settled in the 1950s and is a village in the borough of Norden.
The most important tourist resort on the Leybucht is the Siel village of Greetsiel.
A polder is a low-lying tract of land that forms an artificial hydrological entity, enclosed by embankments known as dikes. The three types of polder are:
The Delta Works is a series of construction projects in the southwest of the Netherlands to protect a large area of land around the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta from the sea. Constructed between 1954 and 1997, the works consist of dams, sluices, locks, dykes, levees, and storm surge barriers located in the provinces of South Holland and Zeeland.
The Afsluitdijk is a major dam and causeway in the Netherlands. It was constructed between 1927 and 1932 and runs from Den Oever in North Holland province to the village of Zurich in Friesland province, over a length of 32 kilometres (20 mi) and a width of 90 metres (300 ft), at an initial height above Amsterdam Ordnance Datum of between 6.7 metres (22 ft) along the section at Friesland, and 7.4 metres (24 ft) where it crosses the deep channel of the Vlieter. The height at the greater sea depths west of Friesland was required to be a minimum of 7 metres everywhere when originally constructed.
East Frisia or East Friesland is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Landkreis Friesland.
The Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park is a national park in the Schleswig-Holstein area of the German Wadden Sea. It was founded by the Parliament of Schleswig-Holstein on 1 October 1985 by the National Park Act of 22 July 1985 and expanded significantly in 1999. Together with the Lower Saxon Wadden Sea National Park, the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park and those parts of Elbe estuary which are not nature reserves, it forms the German part of the Wadden Sea.
A koog or groden is a type of polder found on the North Sea coast of Germany that is established by the construction of dykes enclosing the land which is then drained to form marshland. This type of land reclamation is also used along rivers. In general, a koog is protected by embankments known as dykes (Deiche).
Greetsiel is a small port on the bight of Leybucht in western East Frisia, Germany that was first documented in letters from the year 1388. Since 1972, Greetsiel has been part of the municipality of Krummhörn, which has its administrative seat in Pewsum. The nearest railway station is at Emden, about 15–20 kilometres (9.3–12.4 mi) away, and the two towns are linked by a bus service.
Jümme is a collective municipality (Samtgemeinde) in the district of Leer in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is named after the River Jümme which flows through all three constituent communities. It has an area of 82.34 km² and a population of 6,421. It is situated in the region of East Frisia. Along with the Samtgemeinde of Hesel, it is one of two in the district. It was formed in the wake of local government reform in 1973. Filsum serves as the administrative centre.
Neßmersiel belongs to the municipality Dornum in the rural district Aurich in Lower Saxony, Germany. Neßmersiel is located about 5 kilometres northwest of Dornum. From 1867 to 1977, Neßmersiel belonged to Norden.
The Rheiderland is a region of Germany and the Netherlands between the River Ems and the Bay of Dollart. The German part of the Rheiderland lies in East Frisia, west of the Ems. The Dutch part lies in the Dutch province of Groningen and is mostly part of Oldambt. The Rheiderland is one of the four historic regions on the mainland in the district of Leer; the others being the Overledingerland, the Moormerland and the Lengenerland.
The Lower Saxon Wadden Sea National Park was established in 1986 and embraces the East Frisian Islands, mudflats and salt marshes between the Bay of Dollart on the border with the Netherlands in the west and Cuxhaven as far as the Outer Elbe shipping channel in the east. The national park has an area of about 345,800 hectares (1,335 sq mi). The National Park organisation is located in Wilhelmshaven. In June 2009, the National Park became a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea and the Dutch Wadden Sea, highlighting its unique intertidal ecosystem and high biodiversity.
The Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel light railway was originally a private railway operated by the district of Emden in East Frisia in North Germany. In 1932 the district was absorbed into the district of Norden.
Leybuchtpolder is part of the borough of Norden in East Frisia on Germany's North Sea coast and was an independent municipality until 1972. Leybuchtpolder is geologically the most recent of Norden's parishes and has 461 inhabitants. Between 1947 and 1950 the polder was finally reclaimed from the North Sea, when the almost 5 km long Störtebeker Dyke was completed. A monument stands on the spot where the dyke was closed. Administratively Leybuchtpolder is the second most recent parish after Tidofeld, which did not become a separate parish until 1996.
The Brokmerland is a landscape and an historic territory, located in western East Frisia, which covers the area in and around the present-day communities of Brookmerland and Südbrookmerland. The Brokmerland borders in the east on the Harlingerland and in the north on the Norderland. The historic Brokmerland is usually written with only one "o". Occasionally one also finds the spelling "Broekmerland", while today's communities have chosen to spell the name with a double "o".
The February flood of 1825, also known in Germany as the Great Hallig Flood, was a devastating flood that occurred from 3 to 5 February 1825 on the North Sea coast in which about 800 people were drowned.
The Bay of Meldorf also called Meldorf Bay, is a bay on the coast of the North German state of Schleswig-Holstein, which forms part of the Heligoland Bight.
Albert Brahms was a Frisian dike judge, an elected community leader responsible for maintaining the dikes that protected the area against the Wadden Sea, and a pioneer of hydraulic engineering.
Hamburger Hallig is an area on the westcoast of Nordfriesland district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, that is not protected by sea dikes. It is therefore counted among the Halligen islands.
Westermarsch I was an independent municipality in Lower Saxony until the municipal reform of 1972 and, as such, a member of the collective municipality (Samtgemeinde) of Leybucht. Today Westermarsch I is a part of the East Frisian borough of Norden with about 450 inhabitants, spread over an area of 19.42 km².
Neuwesteel is part of the borough of Norden in East Frisia in the northwest of the German state of Lower Saxony. It is the third most recent quarter after Tidofeld and Leybuchtpolder, because it was only founded on 11 July 1934.
53°32′00″N7°6′00″E / 53.53333°N 7.10000°E
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