Lepidoptera, from Ancient Greek lepís “scale” + pterón “wing”) is an order of insects that includes butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 families and 46 superfamilies, 10 per cent of the total described species of living organisms. It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world. The Lepidoptera show many variations of the basic body structure that have evolved to gain advantages in lifestyle and distribution. Recent estimates suggest the order may have more species than earlier thought, and is among the four most speciose orders, along with the Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera.
The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek geo γη or γαια "the earth" and metron μέτρων "measure" in reference to the way their larvae, or inchworms, appear to "measure the earth" as they move along in a looping fashion. A very large family, it has around 23,000 species of moths described, and over 1400 species from six subfamilies indigenous to North America alone. A well-known member is the peppered moth, Biston betularia, which has been subject of numerous studies in population genetics. Several other geometer moths are notorious pests.
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe & Solis, in Kristensen (1999) retains the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.
Liocranidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897. They are one of several groups called "sac spiders". The holarctic genus Agroeca is the most well known, but it also includes various genera of more obscure spiders that still lack a diagnosis. Two species in the North American genus Neoanagraphis are found in the extremely dry conditions in the Mojave, Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts. Females live in animal burrows while males wander and are the ones most often caught in pitfall traps.
The Pyraloidea are a moth superfamily containing about 16,000 described species worldwide, and probably at least as many more remain to be described. They are generally fairly small moths.
The de Havilland DH.60 Moth is a 1920s British two-seat touring and training aircraft that was developed into a series of aircraft by the de Havilland Aircraft Company.
Acrolophus is a genus of moths in the family Acrolophidae, with, typically, great individual variation within species in color pattern, making field identification of many individuals difficult or impossible. It was described by Felipe Poey in 1832.
Hyalurga is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae.
Dasychira is a genus of tussock moths in the family Erebidae described by Jacob Hübner in 1809. They are well distributed all over Africa, Europe, Madagascar, Japan, China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Java and Australia.
Stygionympha is a butterfly genus from the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae.
Stygionympha scotina, the eastern hillside brown, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in South Africa on the seaward side of the mountains from Cederberg south to the Cape Peninsula in Western Cape and along the Drakensberg mountains to Grahamstown in Eastern Cape.
The Erebidae are a family of moths in the superfamily Noctuoidea. The family is among the largest families of moths by species count and contains a wide variety of well-known macromoth groups. The family includes the underwings (Catocala); litter moths (Herminiinae); tiger, lichen, and wasp moths (Arctiinae); tussock moths (Lymantriinae), including the arctic woolly bear moth ; piercing moths ; micronoctuoid moths (Micronoctuini); snout moths (Hypeninae); and zales, though many of these common names can also refer to moths outside the Erebidae. Some of the erebid moths are called owlets.
Acrolophus scotina is a moth of the family Acrolophidae. It is found in Mexico.
Hyalurga scotina is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Hering in 1925. It is found in Brazil.
Argyrotaenia scotina is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Morona-Santiago Province, Ecuador.
Lichenopteryx is a genus of moths in the family Eupterotidae.
Lichenopteryx despecta, the despised monkey, is a moth in the family Eupterotidae. It was described by father and son entomologists Cajetan and Rudolf Felder in 1874. It is found in KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa and Zanzibar in Tanzania.
Scotina is a genus of sac spiders of the family Liocranidae which was named by the German zoologist Franz Anton Menge in 1873 with Scotina gracilipes as the type species. Scotina was thought to be a mainly Western Palearctic genus but one species, Scotina palliardi was found in Korea in 2011. The species in the genus Scotina are small spiders which have six to ten pairs of ventral spines which can be seen using a lens. They have a darker and shinier cephalothorax than in other genera within the Liocranidae. They also have light brown femora with the more distal segments of the legs are darker, especially on the first pairs. They are terrestrial spiders which are mainly found among moss and litter on the ground.
