Arab Americans are Americans of either Arab ethnic or cultural and linguistic heritage or identity, who identify themselves as Arab. Arab Americans trace ancestry to any of the various waves of immigrants of the countries comprising the Arab World.
The Arab world, also known as the Arab nation, the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, consists of the 22 Arab countries which are members of the Arab League. A majority of these countries are located in Western Asia, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa; the southernmost member, the Comoros, is an island country off the coast of East Africa. The region stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Indian Ocean in the southeast. The eastern part of the Arab world is known as the Mashriq, and the western part as the Maghreb. Arabic is used as the lingua franca throughout the Arab world.
Mizrahi Jews or Mizrahim (מִזְרָחִים), also referred to as Mizrachi (מִזְרָחִי), Edot HaMizrach, or Oriental Jews, are the descendants of the local Jewish communities that had existed in the Middle East and North Africa from biblical times into the modern era. Originally, the term Mizrahi was the Hebrew translation of Eastern European Jews' German name Ostjuden, as seen in the Mizrahi Movement, Bank Mizrahi and in HaPoel HaMizrahi. In the 1950s the Jews who came from the communities listed above were simply called and known as Jews and in order to distinguish them in the Jewish sub-ethnicities, Israeli officials, who themselves were mostly Eastern European Jews, transferred the name to them, though most of these immigrants arrived from lands located further westward than Central Europe. Mizrahi is subsequently the surname most often changed by Israelis, and many scholars claim that the transferring of the name "Mizrahim" was a form of Orientalism towards the Oriental Jews, similar to the ways in which Westjuden had labeled Ostjuden as "second class" and excluded them from possible positions of power.
Arab diaspora refers to descendants of the Arab immigrants who, voluntarily or as refugees, emigrated from their native lands to non-Arab countries, primarily in Central America, South America, Europe, North America, and parts of South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, and West Africa.
Arab Canadians come from all of the countries of the Arab world. According to the 2016 Census there were 948,330 Canadians who claimed Arab ancestry. According to the 2011 Census there were 661,750 Canadians who claimed full or partial ancestry from an Arabic-speaking country. The large majority of the Canadians of Arab origin population live in either Ontario or Quebec. Not all Canadians from the Arab world are Arabs, there are also communities of Armenians, Assyrians, Copts, Kurds, Turcomans, Berbers, and those who espouse a Phoenician or Aramean heritage.
The Arab League is a social, cultural and economic grouping of 22 Arab states in the Arabic speaking world. As of 2018, the combined population of all the Arab states was around 407-420 million people.
Arab Mexicans are Mexican citizens of Arab ethnic, cultural and linguistic heritage or identity, who identify themselves as Arab. The vast majority of Mexico's 1,100,000 Arabs are of Lebanese, Syrian, Iraqi, and Palestinian descent.
Arab Argentine refers to Argentine citizens or residents whose ancestry traces back to various waves of immigrants, largely of Arab ethnic, cultural and linguistic heritage and/or identity originating mainly from what is now Lebanon and Syria, but also some individuals from the twenty-two countries which comprise the Arab world such as Palestine, Egypt and Morocco. Arab Argentines are one of the largest Arab diaspora groups in the world.
Arabs in Bulgaria are the people from Arab countries, particularly Lebanon, Syria, the Palestinian Territories, Iraq, and Jordan and also small groups from Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Libya and Sudan, who emigrated from their native nations and currently reside in Bulgaria. Most Arab Bulgarians are of Lebanese or Syrian origin, because they were the first Arabs to arrive in Bulgaria. The first Arabs came to Bulgaria in the late 1960s and early 1970s as students in Bulgarian universities. In the over forty-year history of this community, 11,400 Arabs have migrated to Bulgaria. According to other data from two teams of anthropologists and sociologists, the number of Arabs in Bulgaria who are legal residents and officially have work permits was 17,000 in 2004.
Arab Australians refers to Australian citizens or residents with ancestry from the Middle East and North Africa, regardless of their ethnic origins. The majority are not ethnically Arab but numerous groups who include Arabs, Kurds, Copts, Druze, Maronites, Assyrians, Berbers, Turkmens and others. The majority are Christian by faith with minorities being Muslim, Druze, Yazidi and other faiths.
Arabs in Europe are people of Arab descent living in Europe today and over the centuries. Several million Arabs are residents in Europe. The vast majority form part of what is sometimes called the "Arab diaspora", i.e. ethnic Arabs or people descended from such living outside the Arab World. Most of the Arabs in Europe today are from the Maghreb.
Arab immigration to the United States begins in the 19th century, with the first voluntary immigrant Anthony Miscellany emigrating from the Greater Syria/Mount Lebanon region of the Ottoman Empire in 1854. Since the first major wave of Arab immigration in the late 19th century, the majority of Arab immigrants have settled in or near large cities. Roughly 94 percent of all Arab immigrants live in metropolitan areas, While most Arabic-speaking Americans have similarly settled in just a handful of major American cities, they form a fairly diverse population representing nearly every country and religion from the Arab world. These figures aside, recent demographics suggest a shift in immigration trends. While the earliest ways of Arab immigrants were predominantly Christian, since the late 1960s an increasing proportion of Arab immigrants are Muslim. Arab immigration has, historically, come in waves. Many came for entrepreneurial reasons, and during the latter waves some came as a result of struggles and hardships stemming from specific periods of war or discrimination in their respective mother countries.
Arab Germans are German citizens of Arab descent. They form the second-largest predominantly Muslim immigrant group in Germany after the large German–Turkish community.
Palestinian Americans are Americans who are of full or partial Palestinian descent. It is unclear when the first Palestinian immigrants arrived into the United States. Later immigrants came in the immediate and longterm aftermath of the Nakba, the forced exile of a significant portion of the Palestinian society.
Arabs in Romania are people from Arab countries who live in Romania. Some of them came to Romania during the Ceaușescu era, when many Arab students were granted scholarships to study in Romanian universities. Most of them were Lebanese, Syrians, Palestinians, Iraqis, Sudanese, Egyptians, and Jordanians. Most of these students returned to their countries of origin, but some remained in Romania starting families here. It is estimated that almost half a million Middle Eastern Arabs studied in Romania during the 1980s. A new wave of Arab immigration started after the Romanian Revolution. Many of the newly arrived Arabs came to Romania in the 1990s in order to develop businesses. In addition, Romania has people from Arab countries who have the status of refugees or illegal immigrants, primarily from North Africa, trying to immigrate to Western Europe. In particular, the European migrant crisis lead to Syrian people coming to Romania, although many Syrians were already living in Romania at the time of the crisis.
Arabs in Serbia are mostly expatriates from a range of Arab countries, particularly Libya, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Iraq, and Jordan; and also small groups from Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, and Sudan. Lebanese and Syrian citizens were the first Arabs to arrive in modern Serbia. In the 1970s and 1980s, many students from Iraq and Syria were enrolled at the University of Belgrade. More recently, as a result of the Arab Spring and the Syrian Civil War, large numbers of Arabs are transiting Serbia as refugees, trying to immigrate to Western Europe.
Arabs in Austria are Austrians of Arab ethnic, particularly Lebanon, Syria, Palestinian, Iraq, Jordan and also small groups from Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Libya, Yemen and Sudan, who emigrated from their native nations and currently reside in Austria. Most Arab Austrians are of Iraqis and Lebanese or Syrian origin, as a result of the fact that they were the first Arabs to arrive in Austria.
There have been Arabs in Spain since the early 8th century when the Umayyad conquest of Hispania created the state of Al-Andalus. In modern times there are expatriates from a range of Arab countries, particularly Morocco, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Algeria, Lebanon, Syria, the Palestinian Territories, and Iraq; and also small groups from Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Jordan and Sudan. As a result of the Arab Spring, many have the status of refugees or illegal immigrants, trying to immigrate especially to France, Germany and Sweden. The Arab population in Spain is estimated to be between 702,000 and 1,600,000 - 1,800,000.
Arabs in Italy are mostly expatriates from a range of Arab countries, particularly Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Lebanon, Syria, Libya, Somalia, Eritrea, Palestine, and Iraq; and also small groups from Jordan and Sudan. As a result of mixed marriages and naturalization, the category includes many Italian nationals and second-generation children of expatriates.
Arabs in Switzerland are Swiss citizens or residents of Arab ethnic, cultural and linguistic heritage from Arab countries, particularly Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Egypt, also small groups from Palestine, Yemen, Libya, Jordan and Sudan, who emigrated from their native nations and currently reside in Switzerland.
