List of Masjids in Mandalay. [1] During Pagan Min reign, Mindon Prince and brother Ka Naung Prince run away with their servants to Shwe Bo and started a rebellion. U Bo and U Yuet were the two Muslims who accompanied the princes. Some Kala Pyo Burmese Muslim artillery soldiers followed them. [2]
In the Royal Defence Army, many Cannon-crew members were Kindar Kala Pyos and Myedu Muslims. [3] Captain Min Htin Min Yazar’s 400 Muslims participated to clear the land for building a new Mandalay city. Kabul Maulavi was appointed an Islamic Judge by King Mindon to decide according to the Islamic rules and customs on Muslim affairs. Burmese Muslims were given specific quarters to settle in the new city of Mandalay [4] King Mindon donated his palace teak pillars to build a mosque at North Obo in central Mandalay. His Majesty also permitted a mosque to be built on the granted site for the Panthays Burmese Chinese Muslims. [5] Inside the Palace wall, for the Royal Body Guards, King Mindon himself donated and started the building of the Mosque by laying the Gold foundation at the South-eastern part of the Palace located near the present Independent Monument. This Mosque was called the Shwe Pannet Mosque. That mosque was destroyed by the British to build the Polo playground. The King donated the rest house in Mecca for his Muslim subjects performing Hajj.
S/N [6] | Mosque | Situation | Donor | Quarters | Built | Comment/present administrator |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Miba zay (Parent\'s market) | Amara Tharni | Trader U Phalu | 23 | 1863 | Descendants |
2 | Nwar Chan Kone | Amara Tharni | Royal Milk supplier U Kyar Ko Nyi | 36 | 1863 | School |
3 | Ywar Thar | Daw Na Phwar | Akbart Calvery Officer U Chone | 53 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
4 | Nan Shea\' | Anheit Taw | Madaras Merchant Sema | 3 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
5 | Wali Khan | Maha Zeyabon | Naymyo Gonayap Khan Sab | 796 | 1857/1878 | Descendants |
6 | Shwe Pannet (Golden foundation) | Nandwin (Palace compound) | King Mindon\'s donation | Mingala | 1858 | Near the present Independence monument. Demolished |
7 | Ko Yandaw (Royal security) | Nandwin | Religious Dept. | Military | 1803 | Ar Lawi |
8 | Inside Jail | Nandwin | Governor General | Jail | 1939 | Mandalay Jail |
9 | Kyauk Masjid | Pyigyi Kyet Thayae | Diamond Merchant Ma Cho | 162 | 1858 | Elected executive members |
10 | Tha Htay Dan | Pyigyi Kyet Thayae | Richman U Maung Gyi | 173 | 1858 | Descendants |
11 | Sit Kaing Dan | Pyigyi Kyet Thayae | Royal Purchasing Officer U Mya Hnin | 171 | 1858 | Elected executive members |
12 | Mingala | Pyigyi Kyet Thayae | Trader U Shwe Oo, U Hmut | 171 | 1858 | Descendants of U swe Pwint U Tun |
13 | Surti Jamei\' | Pyigyi Kyet Thayae | Mulla Ismail | 180 | ?1850 | Elected executive members |
14 | Aye Chaint | Pyigyi Kyet Thayae | Merchant U Shwe Oh | 116 | ?1850 | Damaged in 1942 |
15 | U Shwe Taung | Thiri Malar | U Shwe Taung & sister Ma Ma Ywe\' | 206 | 1863 | Demolished |
16 | Waheidiar | Thiri Malar | Merchant U Saw | 210 | 1863 | Demolished |
17 | Sate Pateesu | Thiri Malar | Khalifa U Maung Maung | 211 | 1863 | Demolished |
18 | Alae\' Baung | Thiri Malar | Sekyar U Rashid Daw halima | 216 | 1863 | Descendants |
19 | Hninsee Chan | Pyigyi Yanlon | Fire brigade Captain Hninsee | 63 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
20 | Hindustani | Pale Ngwe Yong | Merchant Amarnat | 154 | 1909 | Elected executive members |
S/N [7] | Mosque | Situation | Donor | Quarters | Built | Comment/present administrator |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Kinta Kala Pyo | Yan Myo Lone | Byae Tike Thandawsint U Boo | 751 | 1858 | Near previous Mingalar tagar |
2 | Kinta Kala Pyo | Yan Myo Lone | Comrade/Thwe Thauk U Pho Naing | 572 | 1863 | Descendants |
3 | Ta Pae (Kat Kye Tan) | Mawra Giwar | Ta Pae Mayor U Pho Yit | 712 | U Pho Thar-Daw Hmyin | |
4 | East Kone Yoe | Haymar Zala | Royal Nandawin Gardener U Pho & brothers | 609 | 1863 | 1885-shifted |
5 | Sekyar Kasimeer | Mawra Giwar | Mingla Cannoncrew Captain U Hnit | 680 | 1863 | U Kyi/Daw Khet and others |
6 | Sekyar (South) | Mawra Giwar | Royal Captain Hashim | 680 | 1863 | Hj Abd. Hamid |
7 | Falan Bo | Mawra Giwar | Royal Cannoncrew Commander U Yar Baw | 681 | 1863 | U Win Hj U Ba Toke and othrs |
8 | East Achote (South) | Aung Nan East | U Pho Thwe son of Khalifa U Hmwa | 553 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
9 | East Achote (North) | Aung Nan East | Trader U Phoya, Daw Cho & Daw Yu | 553 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
10 | Koyandaw (South) | Aung Nan East | Tat Hmulay Maung Maung Hlaing & Daw Mi Mi Lay | 559 | 1863 | U Par Daw Thae |
11 | Koyandaw (North) | Aung Nan East | Tat Hmulay Maung Maung Hlaing & Daw Mi Mi Lay | 559 | 1863 | Damaged in 1942 |
12 | Malon Mosque | Kyae Khatwin(N) | Richman U shwe Bay | 558 | 1863 | Damaged in 1942 |
13 | Taung Baloo | Aung Nan | Poet U Nu and others | 579 | 1863 | Descendants |
14 | Oh Daw | Chan Aye Thar Zan | KT U Pho Thet | 593 | 1875 | Rebuilt in 1942 |
15 | South Oh Bo | Chan Aye Thar Zan | Hj U Yusof Daw Bii | 592 | 1875 | Rebuilt in 1942 |
16 | Yanadabon Oh Bo | Chan Aye Thar Zan | Head of Royal Traders U Min Chain | 592 | 1863 | Hj U Myit |
17 | South Sin Kyone | Chan Aye Thar Zan | U San Pyaw & Indian Council U Dun | 591 | 1863 | Descendants |
18 | North Sin Kyone | Chan Aye Thar Zan | U San Thee | 598 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
19 | Shia Mosque | Chan Aye Thar Zan | Royal Custom Officer Bakar Ali | 597 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
20 | Amyoke Tan Lay | Chan Aye Thar Zan | Min Ye Yan Nain U Da Naing | 597 | 1863 | Hj U Sein & Hj Daw May |
21 | June\' | Chan Aye Thar Zan | King Mindon\'s Royal Servant U Toe | 596 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
22 | Baho (= Central) | Chan Aye Thar Zan | Nandawin U Phothar\'s grandsons | 615 | 1863 | Relocate in 1885 |
23 | Tike Tan | Chan Aye Thar Zan | Merchant U Cho Daw Thawt U Ebrahim & Bros | 603 | 1865 | Renovated by U Ohn Maung |
24 | Saing Dan | Thiri Haemar East | Ruby U Nyein | 242 | 1863 | 0 |
25 | Daun Yoe | Thiri Haemar East | (Royal Saw mill) U Yoe & U phaw Oo | 249 | 1863 | Hj Than Than |
26 | Achote (West) | Aung Nan West | Silk Merchant U Mya & Daw Pu | 552 | 1919 | Hj U Kyaw Thein, Sister Hj Daw Khin May |
27 | Yanadabon Achote | Aung Nan West | Maung Maung Hlaing & Daw Htay | 552 | 1863 | Descendants |
28 | Dae Wun Yadanabon | Dae Wun | Hj U Pho Myit | 325 | 1875 | Previous Ship shaped Island |
29 | Wore Su Mosque | Wore Su | Bengali sailors | 326 | 1919 | Damaged |
30 | Htin Win Mosque | Htin Win | River Transport Department | 321 | 1918 | Damaged |
31 | Zarweiyar | Chan Aye Thar Zan | Khalifa U San Yar | 585 | 1863 | Attasia Administers |
S/N [8] | Mosque | Situation | Donor | Quarters | Built | Comment/present administrator |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Sein Pan Benali Masjid | Sein Pan | Ship owner Chaudery | 331 | 1905 | Descendants |
2 | Ywar Haing | Dae Wun East | U Pho Ya | 283 | 1908 | Damaged |
3 | Wor Chan | Koon Chan | Royal maid Daw Nan Yeik | 537 | 1863 | U Sae/Daw Yi/bombed |
4 | Yap Htan | Koon Chan | Silfk Merchant U Pe/U Ba Din | 538 | 1863 | Descendants |
5 | Hlwa Htaung | Hlwa Htaung | Silfk Merchant U Ban/U Ba Win | 544 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
6 | Than Lan | Than Lan | U Pho/Daw Yit | 544 | 1863 | Mayor U Tokekalay |
7 | Mya Kone Paw | U Kyar Gyi | Royal Security Capt San Tun | 545 | 1863 | Elected executive members |
8 | Panthay | Kinsanahahi | Yunnan Sultan Sulayman | 549 | 1868 | Descendants |
9 | Anouk (west) Pali (Masjid) | Sekyar Nwezin | Broker U Khin and others | 678 | 1885 | Elected executive members |
10 | Bone Oh | Sekyar Nwezin | Royal Captain U Kyae | 678 | 1863 | |
11 | Mingala Alae (central) | Sekyar Nwezin | Royal Captain U Yawk | 677 | 1863 | |
12 | Sulae | Sekyar Nwezin | Royal Captain U Maung | 674 | 1863 | |
13 | Letpan | Sekyar Nwezin | Comrade/Thwe Thauk U Pyawn | 684 | 1863 | |
14 | Islamic Centre | Mandalay University | Students and Mandalayans | 619 | 1915 | Lecturers & Students |
15 | Shwe Phone Shein | Phayagyi | Kamman Captain U Shwe Oh et al. | 829 | 1785 | Hj U Ba Khin and et al. |
16 | PanSet | Than Hlet Maw | Hj Daw Phwar | 1863 | Elected executive members | |
17 | Eidgar | Than Hlet Maw | Sunnat Jamaat | 1920 | Land & Pond present | |
18 | Sittang | Mye Par Yat Army Camp | Municipal | 1918 | Foundation only left | |
Approved by the Burmese Kings and Hluttaw or Parliament [9]
S/N | Mosque | Situation | Built | Comment/present administrator | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | East Masjid | Rakhine qrt. Taun Myint | Badon Min Bodaw\'s period | Rakhine Taungote Kamman Archers | ||
2 | West Masjid | Rakhine qrt. Taun Myint | Badon Min Bodaw\'s period | Rakhine Taungote Kamman Archers | ||
3 | Central Masjid | Rakhine qrt. Taun Myint | Radanabon period | Rakhine Taungote Kamman Archers | ||
4 | Mingala Masjid | Rakhine qrt. Taun Myint | Radanabon period | |||
5 | Kauthali Masjid | Near Zaung Kalaw Pond | Radanabon period | Descendants | ||
6 | Yaedwin Pyet Rakhine Masjid | Near Zaung Kalaw Pond | Radanabon period | Descendants | ||
S/N [10] | Mosque | Situation | Built | Comment/present administrator | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Dawna Chan Masjid | Kyunelone Ou Shaung | Badon Min\'s time 1785 | Dawna village head U Tharyar | ||
2 | Dawna Chan Masjid | Kyunelone Ou Shaung | Badon Min\'s time 1785 | Dawna village head U Moe | ||
3 | Dawna Chan Masjid | Kyunelone Ou Shaung | U Shaban Daw Shin | 1927 burnt & rebuilt | ||
4 | Dawna Chan Masjid | Kyunelone Ou Shaung | U Shaban Daw Shin | Hj U San Hj Daw Sae | ||
5 | Dawna Chan Masjid | Kyunelone Ou Shaung | U Shaban Daw Shin | Teak trader Hj U Ko Gyi | ||
6 | Khine Ywar Masjid | Chan Aye Tharzi | Gang Chief Dadalay Yaryar | Descendants | ||
7 | Thochan Masjid | Myo Thit (new town) | U Aung Pu and grandson Royal Chef U Ywet | Descendants | ||
Mindon Min, born Maung Lwin, was the penultimate king of Burma (Myanmar) from 1853 to 1878. He was one of the most popular and revered kings of Burma because of his role in Fifth Buddhist Council. Under his half brother King Pagan, the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852 ended with the annexation of Lower Burma by the British Empire. Mindon and his younger brother Kanaung overthrew their half brother King Pagan. He spent most of his reign trying to defend the upper part of his country from British encroachments, and to modernize his kingdom.
Thibaw Min, also Thebaw, was the last king of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) and also the last Burmese monarch in the country's history. His reign ended when the Royal Burmese armed forces were defeated by the forces of the British Empire in the Third Anglo-Burmese War, on 29 November 1885, prior to its official annexation on 1 January 1886.
Panthays are a Chinese Muslim ethnic group in Myanmar. They are one of the oldest groups of Muslims in Burma. The exact proportion of the Chinese Muslim group in the local Chinese population remains unknown due to a lack of data. However, they are concentrated particularly in the northern part of Myanmar, closer to Yunnan, China, from where the Panthays historically originated. They particularly reside in the towns of Tangyan, Maymyo, Mogok, and Taunggyi in Mandalay and Shan State.
Kuthodaw Pagoda is a Buddhist stupa, located in Mandalay, Burma (Myanmar), that contains the world's largest book. It lies at the foot of Mandalay Hill and was built during the reign of King Mindon. The stupa itself, which is gilded above its terraces, is 188 feet (57 m) high, and is modelled after the Shwezigon Pagoda at Nyaung-U near Bagan. In the grounds of the pagoda are 729 kyauksa gu or stone-inscription caves, each containing a marble slab inscribed on both sides with a page of text from the Tipitaka, the entire Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism.
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Supayalat, also spelt Suphayalat, was the last queen of Burma who reigned in Mandalay (1878–1885), born to King Mindon Min and Queen of Alenandaw. The British corruption of her name was "Soup Plate". She was married to her half-brother, Thibaw, who became the last king of the Konbaung dynasty in 1878, upon Mindon Min's death. She is best known for engineering a massacre of 80 to 100 royal family members, to prevent potential rivals from usurping Thibaw's power, although she had always denied any knowledge of the plot, which may have been hatched by her mother together with some of the ministers, including the chancellor Kinwon Min Gyi U Kaung.
Stone tablets inscribed with the Tripiṭaka stand upright in the grounds of the Kuthodaw Pagoda at the foot of Mandalay Hill in Mandalay, Myanmar (Burma). The work was commissioned by King Mindon as part of his transformation of Mandalay into a royal capital. It was completed in 1868. The text contains the Buddhist canon in the Burmese language.
U Nu Mohamad Kassim, better known as Saya Gyi U Nu, or U Nu, was a leading Burmese Muslim writer during the reign of King Bodawpaya. He combined words and terms from Burmese religious literature with poetic writing and Islamic ideas to produce books which are regarded as classics of Burmese Muslim literature. Bodawpaya appointed him to head a mission to India, to retrieve books and scriptures in Sanskrit, Hindi, Urdu, and Persian. Nu was appointed the Mayor of Yammar Wati with the title Shwe Taung Thargathu, which means "Hero of the Ocean".
Shwe Hpyin Nyidaw, also called Shwe Hpyin Nge or Min Lay, is one of the 37 nats in the official pantheon of Burmese nats.
The Burmese Resistance Movement of 1885–1895 occurred almost immediately after the fall of Mandalay. Due to the rapidity of British advancement up the Irrawaddy River, the bulk of the Burmese army suffered few casualties. Many had not experienced actual fighting. Nevertheless, the issue of the Hluttaw’s order to surrender on 27 November 1885 meant that Burmese garrisons south of Mandalay had to disarm without putting up a fight. Soon widespread resistance started to break out in Upper Burma, Lower Burma, the Shan Hills, Kachin Hills and Chin Hills which did not die out until 1896.
"To all town and village thugyis, heads of cavalry, heads of the daings, shield bearers, heads of jails, heads of gold and silver revenues, mine workers, settlement officers, heads of forests, and to all royal subjects and inhabitants of the Royal Empire: Those heretics, the English kala barbarians, having most harshly made demands calculated to bring about the impairment and destruction of our religion, the violation of our national traditions and customs, and the degradation of our race, are making a show and preparation as if about to wage war with our State ... The local officials shall not forcibly impress into service anyone who may not wish to serve. To uphold the religion, to uphold the national honour, to uphold the country's interests, will bring about threefold good; good of our religion, good of our master, and good of ourselves; and will gain for us the important result of placing us in the path to the celestial regions and to Nibban. Whoever, therefore, is willing to join and serve zealously will be assisted by His Majesty with royal rewards and royal money, and be made to serve in the capacity for which he may be fit. Loyal officials are to make inquiries for volunteers and others who may wish to serve, and are to submit lists of them to their respective Governments."
Hsinbyumashin was a senior queen of King Mindon Min during the Konbaung dynasty. She was known for Bronze Hall Massacre. She was the daughter of King Bagyidaw and his consort Nanmadaw Me Nu (Chief Queen of King Bagyidaw). She was one of the most influential queen consorts in Burmese history, and often regarded as the power behind the throne.
Thiri Pawara Atula Tilawka Maha Yazeinda Adhipati Yadana Dewi, commonly known as Setkya Dewi or Sekkya Dewi, was Queen of the Konbaung Kingdom of Burma from 26 March 1853 to 12 November 1876 as the chief queen of Mindon Min. Born to Tharrawaddy Min and his wife, she held the position of the Tabindaing Princess during her father's reign. Being renowned for her knowledge of modern science and astrology, Setkya Dewi was popular with the British, who described her as a well-educated woman, and visitors would often bring her gifts related to her astrological interests.
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