![]() | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(January 2016) |
In the late 1930s the US Army began setting requirements for custom built tactical trucks, winning designs would be built in quantity. As demand increased during WWII some standardized designs were built by other manufactures.
Most trucks had gasoline (G) engines until the early 1960s, when multifuel (M) and diesel (D) engines were introduced. Since then diesel fuel has increasingly been used, the last gasoline engine vehicles were built in 1985.
Most engines have been water-cooled with inline (I) cylinders, but V types (V) and opposed (O) engines have also been used. Three air-cooled engines were used in two very light trucks. Gasoline engines up to WWII were often valve in block design (L-head), during the war more overhead valve (ohv) engines were used, and after the war all new engines (except 1 F-head and 1 Overhead camshaft (ohc)) have been ohv. All diesel engines have ohv, they can be naturally aspired, supercharged (SC), or turbocharged (TC).
The same engines have been used in different trucks, and larger trucks often have had different engines during their service life. Because of application and evolution, the same engine often has different power ratings. Ratings are in SAE gross horsepower.
The front of an engine is the fan end, the rear is the flywheel end, right and left are as viewed from the rear, regardless of how the engine is mounted in the vehicle. Engines in the tables are water-cooled and naturally aspirated unless noted.
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AO-42 [lower-alpha 1] | 53 cu in (0.9 L) | G | AC O4 | 16 hp (12 kW) @3200rpm | 30 lbf⋅ft (41 N⋅m) @2100rpm | M274 1⁄2-ton 4x4 "Mule" |
AV-108-4 | 108 cu in (1.8 L) | G | AC V4 | 54 hp (40 kW) @3600rpm | 90 lbf⋅ft (122 N⋅m) @2500rpm | M422 1⁄4 4x4 "Mity Mite" |
MB | 134 cu in (2.2 L) | G | I4 | 54 hp (40 kW) @4000rpm | 105 lbf⋅ft (142 N⋅m) | Willys MB/Ford GPW 1⁄4-ton 4x4 "Jeep" |
MD | 134 cu in (2.2 L) | G | I4 | 72 hp (54 kW) @4000rpm | 114 lbf⋅ft (155 N⋅m) @2000rpm | M38A11⁄4-ton 4x4 |
Tornado | 230 cu in (3.8 L) | G | I6 | 132 hp (98 kW) @4000 | 198 lbf⋅ft (268 N⋅m) @2000rpm | M715 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3116 [1] | 403 cu in (6.6 L) | D | TC I6 | 225 hp (168 kW) | 430 lbf⋅ft (583 N⋅m) @1550rpm | M35A3 2+1⁄2-ton 6x6, Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles |
C7 | 439 cu in (7.2 L) | D | TC I6 | 330 hp (246 kW) @2400rpm | 860 lbf⋅ft (1,166 N⋅m) @1400rpm | Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles |
C15 | 928 cu in (15.2 L) | D | TC I6 | 515 hp (384 kW) @1800rpm | 1,650 lbf⋅ft (2,237 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M977 (HEMTT), M1074/M1075 (PLS) |
C18 | 1,106 cu in (18.1 L) | D | TC I6 | 700 hp (522 kW) @1300rpm | 1,900 lbf⋅ft (2,576 N⋅m) @1400 | M1070A1 (HET) |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6.2L/6.5L [2] | 400 cu in (6.6 L) | D | V8 | 160 hp (119 kW) @3400rpm | 240 lbf⋅ft (325 N⋅m) @2000rpm | M1008 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 (CUCV), M998 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 (HMMWV) |
270 | 270 cu in (4.4 L) | G | I6 | 91 hp (68 kW) @2750rpm | 216 lbf⋅ft (293 N⋅m) @1400rpm | GMC CCKW 21⁄2-ton 6x6, DUKW 21⁄2-ton 6x6 amphibian |
302 | 302 cu in (4.9 L) | G | I6 | 130 hp (97 kW) @3200rpm | 262 lbf⋅ft (355 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M135 21⁄2-ton 6x6 |
BV-1001 | 235 cu in (3.9 L) | G | I6 | 83 hp (62 kW) @3100rpm | 184 lbf⋅ft (249 N⋅m) @1000rpm | Chev. G506 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AO42 [lower-alpha 1] | 42 cu in (0.7 L) | G | AC O2 | 13 hp (10 kW) @3000rpm | 26 lbf⋅ft (35 N⋅m) @2300rpm | M274 1⁄2-ton 4x4 "Mule" |
L-142 [lower-alpha 2] [3] | 1,412 cu in (23.1 L) | G | I4 | 65 hp (48 kW) @4000rpm | 128 lbf⋅ft (174 N⋅m) @1800rpm | M1511⁄4-ton 4x4 |
LDT465 [lower-alpha 2] [4] | 478 cu in (7.8 L) | M | TC I6 | 130 hp (97 kW) | 305 lbf⋅ft (414 N⋅m) | M35 21⁄2-ton 6x6, M54 5-ton 6x6, M656 5-ton 8x8 |
R22 | 501 cu in (8.2 L) | G | I6 | 145 hp (108 kW) @2400rpm | 372 lbf⋅ft (504 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M1 10-ton 6x6 Wrecker |
R6602 | 602 cu in (9.9 L) | G | I6 | 224 hp (167 kW) @2800rpm | 504 lbf⋅ft (683 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M54 5-ton 6x6 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6CTA8.3 [5] | 504 cu in (8.3 L) | D | TC I6 | 240 hp (179 kW) @2100rpm | 745 lbf⋅ft (1,010 N⋅m) @1500rpm | M939 5-ton 6x6 |
NH250 [6] | 855 cu in (14.0 L) | D | I6 | 240 hp (179 kW) @2100rpm | 685 lbf⋅ft (929 N⋅m) @1500rpm | M809 5-ton 6x6), M939 5-ton 6x6 |
NTC400 [7] | 855 cu in (14.0 L) | D | TC I6 | 400 hp (298 kW) @2100rpm | 1,150 lbf⋅ft (1,559 N⋅m) @1500rpm | M915 series 6x4, 6x6, 8x6 |
V8-300 [8] | 785 cu in (12.9 L) | D | V8 | 300 hp (224 kW) @3000rpm | 580 lbf⋅ft (786 N⋅m) @2100rpm | M123/125 10-ton 6x6 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3-53 | 159 cu in (2.6 L) | D | SC I3 | 103 hp (77 kW) @2800rpm | 217 lbf⋅ft (294 N⋅m) @1500rpm | M561 1+1⁄2-ton 6x6 "Gamma-goat" |
Series 60 | 775 cu in (12.7 L) | D | TC I6 | 400 hp (298 kW) @2100rpm | 1,400 lbf⋅ft (1,898 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M915 series 6x4, 6x6, 8x6 |
8V92TA [9] | 736 cu in (12.1 L) | D | TC V8 | 450 hp (336 kW) | 1,330 lbf⋅ft (1,803 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M911(C-HET) M977(HEMTT), M1070(HET) |
12V71 | 852 cu in (14.0 L) | D | SC V12 | 600 hp (447 kW) @2500rpm | 1,470 lbf⋅ft (1,993 N⋅m) @16000rpm | M746 22+1⁄2-ton 8x8 (HET) |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T-202 | 201 cu in (3.3 L) | G | I6 | 79 hp (59 kW) @3000rpm | VC 1⁄2-ton 4x4 | |
T-214-245 | 230 cu in (3.8 L) | G | I6 | 92 hp (69 kW) @3200 | 180 lbf⋅ft (244 N⋅m) @1200rpm | Dodge WC 3⁄4-ton 4x4, M37 3⁄4-ton 4x4 |
318 [10] | 318 cu in (5.2 L) | G | V8 | 150 hp (112 kW) @4000rpm | 230 lbf⋅ft (312 N⋅m) @2400rpm | M880 1+1⁄4-ton 4x4 (CUCV) |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GTB | 226 cu in (3.7 L) | G | I6 | 90 hp (67 kW) @3000rpm | 180 lbf⋅ft (244 N⋅m) @1200rpm | 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
440 | 1,090 cu in (17.9 L) | G | I6 | 240 hp (179 kW) @2000rpm | 810 lbf⋅ft (1,098 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M25 Tank Transporter |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DFXE | 895 cu in (14.7 L) | D | I6 | 185 hp (138 kW) @1600rpm | 665 lbf⋅ft (902 N⋅m) @1200rpm | M19 Tank Transporter |
HXD | disp855 cu in (14.0 L) | G | I6 | 202 hp (151 kW) @2150rpm | 642 lbf⋅ft (870 N⋅m) @900rpm | 6-ton 6x6) |
JXD | 320 cu in (5.2 L) | G | I6 | 87 hp (65 kW) @2400rpm | 228 lbf⋅ft (309 N⋅m) @1200rpm | US6 21⁄2-ton 6x6 |
L-142 [lower-alpha 2] [3] | 1,412 cu in (23.1 L) | G | I4 | 65 hp (48 kW) @4000rpm | 128 lbf⋅ft (174 N⋅m) @1800rpm | M1511⁄4-ton 4x4 |
LDT465 [lower-alpha 2] [4] | 478 cu in (7.8 L) | M | TC I6 | 130 hp (97 kW) | 305 lbf⋅ft (414 N⋅m) | M35 21⁄2-ton 6x6, M54 5-ton 6x6, M656 5-ton 8x8 |
RXC | 529 cu in (8.7 L) | G | I6 | 131 hp (98 kW) @2200 | 369 lbf⋅ft (500 N⋅m) @1000rpm | Diamond T 4-ton 6x6, Autocar U8144T 5-/6-ton 4x4 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GRD-214 | 214 cu in (3.5 L) | G | I6 | 85 hp (63 kW) @3400rpm | 160 lbf⋅ft (217 N⋅m) @1200 | IHC M-1-4 1⁄2-ton 4x4 |
GRD-233 | 233 cu in (3.8 L) | G | I6 | 93 hp (69 kW) @3400 | 181 lbf⋅ft (245 N⋅m) @800 | IHC M-1-4 1⁄2-ton 4x4, IHC M-5-6 1+1⁄2-ton 6x6 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T-H844 | 844 cu in (13.8 L) | G | V8 | 297 hp (221 kW) @2600rpm | 725 lbf⋅ft (983 N⋅m) @1700rpm | M123/25 10-ton 6x6 |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EN532 | 532 cu in (8.7 L) | G | I6 | 136 hp (101 kW) @2400rpm | Mack NJU 5-ton 6x6 | |
EY | 707 cu in (11.6 L) | G | I6 | 159 hp (119 kW) @2100rpm | 530 lbf⋅ft (719 N⋅m) @800rpm | Mack NM-6 6-ton 6x6, Mack NO 7+1⁄2-ton 6x6 |
ENDT673 | 672 cu in (11.0 L) | D | TC I6 | 211 hp (157 kW) @2100rpm | 610 lbf⋅ft (827 N⋅m) | M54 5-ton 6x6) |
Model | Displacement | Fuel | Type | Power | Torque | Used in |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OA-331 | 331 cu in (5.4 L) | G | I6 | 146 hp (109 kW) @3400rpm | 330 lbf⋅ft (447 N⋅m) | M35 21⁄2-ton 6x6 |
The Truck, Utility, ¼-Ton, 4×4, M151 or simply M151 was the successor to the Korean War M38 and M38A1 jeep Light Utility Vehicles. The M151 had an integrated body design which offered a little more space than prior jeeps, and featured all-around independent suspension with coil springs. It has since been replaced by the larger AM General HMMWV in most utility roles in frontline use. With some M151A2 units still in U.S. military service in 1999, the M151 series achieved a longer run of service than that of the World War II/Korean War-era MB/GPW, M38, and M38A1 series combined.
The M939 is a 5-ton 6×6 U.S. military heavy truck. The basic cargo versions were designed to transport a 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg) cargo load over all terrain in all weather. Designed in the late 1970s to replace the M39 and M809 series of trucks, it has been in service ever since. The M939 evolved into its own family of cargo trucks, dump trucks, semi-tractors, vans, wreckers, and bare chassis/cabs for specialty bodies. 44,590 in all were produced.
The M19 Tank Transporter was a heavy tank transporter system used in World War II and into the 1950s. It consisted of a 12-ton 6×4 M20 Diamond T Model 980 truck and companion 12-wheel M9 trailer.
The Diamond T Company was an American automobile and truck manufacturer. They produced commercial and military trucks.
The M35 2½-ton cargo truck is a long-lived 2½-ton 6×6 cargo truck initially used by the United States Army and subsequently utilized by many nations around the world. Over time it evolved into a family of specialized vehicles. It inherited the nickname "Deuce and a Half" from an older 2½-ton truck, the World War II GMC CCKW.
The Commercial Utility Cargo Vehicle (CUCV) is a vehicle program instituted to provide the United States military with light utility vehicles based on civilian trucks.
The M520 "Truck, Cargo, 8-ton, 4x4", nicknamed Goer, truck series was formerly the US Army’s standard heavy tactical truck before its replacement by the Oshkosh HEMTT. As trucks go, the Caterpillar-made Goer stands out due to being articulated, much wider than other trucks, and lacking suspension on the wheels.
The M39 series 5-ton 6×6 truck (G744) was a family of heavy tactical trucks built for the United States Armed Forces. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 5-ton (4,500 kg), 14 ft (4.3 m) long load over all terrain in all weather. In on-road service the load weight was doubled.
The GMC CCKW, also known as "Jimmy", or the G-508 by its Ordnance Supply Catalog nr, was a highly successful series of off-road capable, 21⁄2-ton, 6×6 trucks, built in large numbers to a standardized design for the U.S. Army, that saw heavy service, predominantly as cargo trucks, in both World War II and the Korean War. The original "Deuce and a Half", it formed the backbone of the famed Red Ball Express that kept Allied armies supplied as they pushed eastward after the Normandy invasion.
The Willys MC, formally the 1⁄4-Ton, 4 x 4, Utility Truck M38, or the G‑740 by its U.S. Army Standard Nomenclature supply catalog designation, is a quarter-ton four-wheel drive military light utility vehicle made by Willys between 1949 and 1952. It replaced, and succeeded the World War II Willys MB and Ford GPW models, with a total production of some 50,000 units — less than one tenth the number of WWII models built. Unlike during WWII, Ford was no longer involved in the production.
The M915 is a tractor unit used for line haul missions by the United States Army. Designed for use on improved roads it does not have a driven front axle.
The Mack M123 (G792) was a 10-ton 6x6 semi-tractor introduced in 1955. The Mack M125 was a heavy cargo truck version of the M123. The M123 was used to tow tank transporter trailers while the M125 towed field artillery pieces.
The Autocar Model U8144T, officially "5- to 6-Ton, 4×4, Ponton Tractor Truck", was the largest, and most heavy-duty, of a family of heavy four-wheel drive trucks developed for, and deployed primarily with, the United States Army in World War II. They were of a "cab over engine" design, and produced by the Autocar Company from 1941 to 1945 with 2,711 being built.
The M809 Series 5-ton 6x6 truck (G908) was a family of heavy tactical trucks built for the United States Armed Forces. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 5-ton (4,500 kg), 14 ft (4.3 m) long load over all terrain in all weather. In on-road service the load weight was doubled. Built by AM General, they evolved into the M939 Series.
The 6-ton 6×6 truck was a family of heavy tactical trucks built for the United States Army during World War II. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 6- short ton (5,400 kg) cargo load over all terrain in all weather. The chassis were built by Brockway Motor Company, The Corbitt Company, The Four Wheel Drive Auto Company (FWD), Ward LaFrance Truck Corporation, and White Motor Company. They were replaced by the M54 5-ton 6x6 trucks in the 1950s.
The 5‑ton 6x6 truck, officially "Truck, 5-ton, 6x6", was a class of heavy-duty six-wheel drive trucks used by the US Armed Forces. The basic cargo version was designed to transport a 5-ton (4,500 kg) load over all roads and cross-country terrain in all weather. Through three evolutionary series there have been component improvements, but all trucks were mechanically very similar. They were the standard heavy-duty truck of the US military for 40 years, until replaced by the Medium Tactical Vehicle (MTV) beginning in 1991.
The Kenworth 10-ton 6x6 heavy wrecking truck (G116) was the standard heavy wrecker of the US Army during World War II. It was replaced in the 1950s by 5-ton wreckers.
The Diamond T 4-ton 6×6 truck was a heavy tactical truck built for the United States Army during World War II. Its G-number was G-509. Cargo models were designed to transport a 4-ton (3,600 kg) load over all terrain in all weather. There were also wrecker, dump, and other models. They were replaced by the M39 series 5-ton 6×6 trucks in the 1950s.
Hercules Engine Corporation was an American engine manufacturer located in Canton, Ohio.