Ships of the United States Navy | |
---|---|
Ships in current service | |
Ships grouped alphabetically | |
Ships grouped by type | |
In the 1930s, the United States Navy built two classes of flotilla leaders, the Porter class, and the Somers class. Due to the regulations of the London Naval Treaty, these 13 ships had a displacement of 1,850 tons, compared to the 1,500 tons of a "standard" destroyer, but they were still classed as destroyers and carried the hull classification of (DD). When the treaty ended with the outbreak of World War II in Europe in 1939, the much larger Fletcher class was constructed, making the differentiation irrelevant.
The Atlanta-class cruisers were also built during World War II to act in part as flotilla leaders, though they were mainly employed as antiaircraft cruisers.
Following the war, destroyer leader (DL) was a new hull classification symbol used by the U.S. Navy from the 1950s until 1975. These ships were more commonly called frigates, although they were much larger than frigates of other navies. They were intended to be larger and more capable than destroyers and to lead a destroyer task force.
All but the first five destroyer leaders would be designed as guided missile ships (DLG), and two of the first five would be converted to missile ships.
Eight of these ships would be nuclear powered and hold the hull classification (DLGN).
During the 1975 USN ship reclassification these ships were reclassified as guided missile destroyers (DDG) or guided missile cruisers (CG), depending on their size and capabilities; all the nuclear ships would be classed as (CGN). At the same time the smaller destroyer escorts (DE or DEG) were reclassified as 'frigates' (FF or FFG) and so US terminology was brought into line with that of the other NATO members. The last of the destroyer leaders was decommissioned in 1999. A total of 41 ships bore the DL classification.
Ship | Built as | Reclassified as | Class | Commissioned – decommissioned | NVR link |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Norfolk | DL-1 [lower-alpha 1] | — | Norfolk | 1953–1970 | DL1 |
Mitscher | DL-2 [lower-alpha 2] | DDG-35 | Mitscher | 1953–1978 | DDG35 |
John S. McCain | DL-3 [lower-alpha 3] | DDG-36 | Mitscher | 1953–1978 | DDG36 |
Willis A. Lee | DL-4 [lower-alpha 4] | — | Mitscher | 1954–1969 | DL4 |
Wilkinson | DL-5 [lower-alpha 5] | — | Mitscher | 1954–1969 | DL5 |
Farragut | DLG-6 | DDG-37 | Farragut | 1960–1989 | DDG37 |
Luce | DLG-7 | DDG-38 | Farragut | 1961–1991 | DDG38 |
Macdonough | DLG-8 | DDG-39 | Farragut | 1961–1992 | DDG39 |
Coontz | DLG-9 | DDG-40 | Farragut | 1960–1989 | DDG40 |
King | DLG-10 | DDG-41 | Farragut | 1960–1991 | DDG41 |
Mahan | DLG-11 | DDG-42 | Farragut | 1960–1993 | DDG42 |
Dahlgren | DLG-12 | DDG-43 | Farragut | 1961–1992 | DDG43 |
William V. Pratt | DLG-13 | DDG-44 | Farragut | 1961–1991 | DDG44 |
Dewey | DLG-14 | DDG-45 | Farragut | 1959–1990 | DDG45 |
Preble | DLG-15 | DDG-46 | Farragut | 1960–1991 | DDG46 |
Leahy | DLG-16 | CG-16 | Leahy | 1962–1993 | CG16 |
Harry E. Yarnell | DLG-17 | CG-17 | Leahy | 1963–1993 | CG17 |
Worden | DLG-18 | CG-18 | Leahy | 1963–1993 | CG18 |
Dale | DLG-19 | CG-19 | Leahy | 1963–1994 | CG19 |
Richmond K. Turner | DLG-20 | CG-20 | Leahy | 1964–1995 | CG20 |
Gridley | DLG-21 | CG-21 | Leahy | 1963–1994 | CG21 |
England | DLG-22 | CG-22 | Leahy | 1963–1994 | CG22 |
Halsey | DLG-23 | CG-23 | Leahy | 1963–1994 | CG23 |
Reeves | DLG-24 | CG-24 | Leahy | 1964–1993 | CG24 |
Bainbridge | DLGN-25 | CGN-25 | Bainbridge | 1962–1996 | CGN25 |
Belknap | DLG-26 | CG-26 | Belknap | 1964–1995 | CG26 |
Josephus Daniels | DLG-27 | CG-27 | Belknap | 1965–1994 | CG27 |
Wainwright | DLG-28 | CG-28 | Belknap | 1966–1993 | CG28 |
Jouett | DLG-29 | CG-29 | Belknap | 1966–1994 | CG29 |
Horne | DLG-30 | CG-30 | Belknap | 1967–1994 | CG30 |
Sterett | DLG-31 | CG-31 | Belknap | 1967–1994 | CG31 |
William H. Standley | DLG-32 | CG-32 | Belknap | 1966–1994 | CG32 |
Fox | DLG-33 | CG-33 | Belknap | 1966–1994 | CG33 |
Biddle | DLG-34 | CG-34 | Belknap | 1967–1993 | CG34 |
Truxtun | DLGN-35 | CGN-35 | Truxtun | 1967–1995 | CGN35 |
California | DLGN-36 | CGN-36 | California | 1974–1999 | CGN36 |
South Carolina [lower-alpha 6] | DLGN-37 | CGN-37 | California | 1975–1999 | CGN37 |
Virginia [lower-alpha 7] | DLGN-38 | CGN-38 | Virginia | 1976–1994 | CGN38 |
Texas [lower-alpha 7] | DLGN-39 | CGN-39 | Virginia | 1977–1993 | CGN39 |
Mississippi [lower-alpha 7] | DLGN-40 | CGN-40 | Virginia | 1978–1997 | CGN40 |
Arkansas [lower-alpha 7] | DLGN-41 | CGN-41 | Virginia | 1980–1998 | CGN41 |
A cruiser is a type of warship. Modern cruisers are generally the largest ships in a fleet after aircraft carriers and amphibious assault ships, and can usually perform several operational roles from search-and-destroy to ocean escort to sea denial.
A frigate is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat.
The United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, and United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) use a hull classification symbol to identify their ships by type and by individual ship within a type. The system is analogous to the pennant number system that the Royal Navy and other European and Commonwealth navies use.
USS Texas (DLGN/CGN-39) was the United States Navy's second Virginia-class nuclear guided missile cruiser. She was the third ship of the Navy to be named in honor of the State of Texas. Her keel was laid down on 18 August 1973, at Newport News, Virginia, by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company.
USS Virginia (CGN-38) was a nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser, the lead ship of her class, and the eighth ship of the United States Navy to be named for the Commonwealth of Virginia. She was commissioned in 1976 and decommissioned in 1994.
USS Long Beach (CLGN-160/CGN-160/CGN-9) was a nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser in the United States Navy and the world's first nuclear-powered surface combatant. She was the third Navy ship named after the city of Long Beach, California.
USS Bainbridge (DLGN-25/CGN-25) was a nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser in the United States Navy, one of only two ships of her class. Named in honor of Commodore William Bainbridge, she was the fourth US Navy ship to bear the name. With her original hull classification symbol of DLGN, she was the first nuclear-powered destroyer-type ship in the US Navy, and shared her name with the lead ship of the first US Navy destroyer class, the Bainbridge-class destroyers.
The Virginia class were four nuclear-powered, guided-missile cruisers that served in the United States Navy until the mid-to-late 1990s. The double-ended cruisers were commissioned between 1976 and 1980. They were the final class of nuclear-powered cruisers completed and the last ships ordered as Destroyer Leaders under the pre-1975 classification system.
The United States Navy reclassified many of its surface vessels in 1975, changing terminology and hull classification symbols for cruisers, frigates, and ocean escorts.
Ocean escort was a type of United States Navy warship. They were an evolution of the World War II destroyer escort types. The ocean escorts were intended as convoy escorts and were designed for mobilization production in wartime or low-cost mass production in peacetime. They were commissioned from 1954 through 1974, serving in the Cold War and the Vietnam War.
The CG(X) program, also known as the Next Generation Cruiser program, was a United States Navy research program to develop a replacement vessel for its 22 Ticonderoga-class cruisers. Original plans were for 18–19 ships, based on the 14,500 ton Zumwalt-class destroyer with additional ballistic missile defense and area air defense for a carrier group. These vessels were to enter service beginning in 2017. The program was ended in 2010 with its mission to be fulfilled by the successor to the Flight III Arleigh Burke-class destroyers.
The Mitscher-class destroyer was an experimental destroyer class of four ships that were built for the United States Navy shortly after World War II. Considerably larger than all previous destroyers, but smaller than their immediate predecessor, the experimental Norfolk, they would have been the first post-war destroyer class had they not been reclassified during construction as destroyer leaders (DL). Commissioned in 1953–1954, two of the class served until 1969, and were scrapped in the 1970s. The other two were converted into guided missile destroyers (DDG), served until 1978, and were sold for scrap by 1980.
Destroyer leader (DL) was the United States Navy designation for large destroyers from 9 February 1951 through the early years of the Cold War. United States ships with hull classification symbol DL were officially frigates from 1 January 1955 until 1975. The smaller destroyer leaders were reclassified as destroyers and the larger as cruisers by the United States Navy 1975 ship reclassification so destroyer escorts could be reclassified as frigates (FF) in conformance with international usage of the term.
Leahy-class cruisers were a class of guided-missile cruisers built for the United States Navy. They were originally designated as Destroyer Leaders (DLG), but in the 1975 cruiser realignment they were reclassified as guided-missile cruisers (CG).
United States ship naming conventions for the U.S. Navy were established by congressional action at least as early as 1862. Title 13, section 1531, of the U.S. Code, enacted in that year, reads, in part,
The vessels of the Navy shall be named by the Secretary of the Navy under direction of the President according to the following rule: Sailing-vessels of the first class shall be named after the States of the Union, those of the second class after the rivers, those of the third class after the principal cities and towns and those of the fourth class as the President may direct.
In the early 1960s, the United States Navy was the world's first to have nuclear-powered cruisers as part of its fleet. The first such ship was USS Long Beach (CGN-9). Commissioned in late summer 1961, she was the world's first nuclear-powered surface combatant. She was followed a year later by USS Bainbridge (DLGN-25). While Long Beach was a 'true cruiser', meaning she was designed and built as a cruiser, Bainbridge began life as a frigate, though at that time the Navy was using the hull code "DLGN" for "destroyer leader, guided missile, nuclear". This was prior to the enactment of the 1975 ship reclassification plan, in which frigates (DLG/DLGN), which were essentially large destroyers, were reclassified as cruisers, so that the US Navy's numbers would compete with those of the Soviet Navy. Long Beach, the largest of all the nuclear cruisers, was equipped with a C1W cruiser reactor, while all the others were equipped with D2G destroyer reactors.