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Haloperidol, sold under the brand name Haldol among others, is a typical antipsychotic medication. Haloperidol is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, tics in Tourette syndrome, mania in bipolar disorder, delirium, agitation, acute psychosis, and hallucinations from alcohol withdrawal. It may be used by mouth or injection into a muscle or a vein. Haloperidol typically works within 30 to 60 minutes. A long-acting formulation may be used as an injection every four weeks by people with schizophrenia or related illnesses, who either forget or refuse to take the medication by mouth.
Quetiapine, sold under the brand name Seroquel among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Despite being widely used as a sleep aid due to its sedating effect, the benefits of such use may not outweigh its undesirable side effects. It is taken orally.
Aripiprazole, sold under the brand names Abilify and Aristada, among others, is an atypical antipsychotic. It is primarily used in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; other uses include as an add-on treatment in major depressive disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), tic disorders, and irritability associated with autism. Aripiprazole is taken by mouth or via injection into a muscle. A Cochrane review found low-quality evidence of effectiveness in treating schizophrenia.
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a disorder that results in involuntary repetitive body movements, which may include grimacing, sticking out the tongue or smacking the lips. Additionally, there may be chorea or slow writhing movements. In about 20% of people with TD, the disorder interferes with daily functioning. If TD is present in the setting of a long-term drug therapy, reversibility can be determined primarily by severity of symptoms and how long symptoms have been present before the long-term drug has been stopped.
Sertindole, sold under the brand name Serdolect among others, is an antipsychotic medication. Sertindole was developed by the Danish pharmaceutical company Lundbeck and marketed under license by Abbott Labs. Like other atypical antipsychotics, it has activity at dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain. It is used in the treatment of schizophrenia. It is classified chemically as a phenylindole derivative.
Prochlorperazine, formerly sold under the brand name Compazine among others, is a medication used to treat nausea, migraines, schizophrenia, psychosis and anxiety. It is a less preferred medication for anxiety. It may be taken by mouth, rectally, injection into a vein, or injection into a muscle.
Levomepromazine, also known as methotrimeprazine, is a phenothiazine neuroleptic drug. Brand names include Nozinan, Levoprome, Detenler, Hirnamin, Levotomin and Neurocil. It is a low-potency antipsychotic with strong analgesic, hypnotic and antiemetic properties that are primarily used in palliative care.
Sulpiride, sold under the brand name Dogmatil among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication of the benzamide class which is used mainly in the treatment of psychosis associated with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, and sometimes used in low dosage to treat anxiety and mild depression. Sulpiride is commonly used in Asia, Central America, Europe, South Africa and South America. Levosulpiride is its purified levo-isomer and is sold in India for similar purpose. It is not approved in the United States, Canada, or Australia. The drug is chemically and clinically similar to amisulpride.
Flupentixol (INN), also known as flupenthixol, marketed under brand names such as Depixol and Fluanxol is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene class. It was introduced in 1965 by Lundbeck. In addition to single drug preparations, it is also available as flupentixol/melitracen—a combination product containing both melitracen and flupentixol . Flupentixol is not approved for use in the United States. It is, however, approved for use in the UK, Australia, Canada, Russian Federation, South Africa, New Zealand, Philippines, Iran, Germany, and various other countries.
Zotepine is an atypical antipsychotic drug indicated for acute and chronic schizophrenia. It has been used in Germany since 1990 and Japan since 1982.
Asenapine, sold under the brand name Saphris among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder as well as the medium to long-term management of bipolar disorder.
Zuclopenthixol, also known as zuclopentixol, is a medication used to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is classed, pharmacologically, as a typical antipsychotic. Chemically it is a thioxanthene. It is the cis-isomer of clopenthixol. Clopenthixol was introduced in 1961, while zuclopenthixol was introduced in 1978.
Amitriptyline/perphenazine is a formulation that contains the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline and the medium-potency typical (first-generation) antipsychotic, perphenazine. In the United States amitriptyline/perphenazine is marketed by Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Remedy Repack Inc.
Aripiprazole lauroxil, sold under the brand name Aristada, is a long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotic that was developed by Alkermes. It is an N-acyloxymethyl prodrug of aripiprazole that is administered via intramuscular injection once every four to eight weeks for the treatment of schizophrenia. Aripiprazole lauroxil was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 5 October 2015.
References
- ↑ "Product Information for ABILIFY Aripiprazole Tablets & Orally Disintegrating Tablets". TGA eBusiness Services. Bristol-Myers Squibb Australia Pty Ltd. 1 November 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
- ↑ "ABILIFY (aripiprazole) tablet ABILIFY (aripiprazole) solution ABILIFY DISCMELT (aripiprazole) tablet, orally disintegrating ABILIFY (aripiprazole) injection, solution [Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.]". DailyMed. Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc. April 2013. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
- ↑ "Abilify Tablets, Orodispersible Tablets, Oral Solution - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC)". electronic Medicines Compendium. Otsuka Pharmaceuticals (UK) Ltd. 20 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
- ↑ "ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS" (PDF). European Medicines Agency. Otsuka Pharmaceutical Europe Ltd. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
- ↑ "Abilify Discmelt, Abilify Maintena (aripiprazole) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
- 1 2 Leucht S, Cipriani A, Spineli L, Mavridis D, Orey D, Richter F, Samara M, Barbui C, Engel RR, Geddes JR, Kissling W, Stapf MP, Lässig B, Salanti G, Davis JM (September 2013). "Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 15 antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis". Lancet. 382 (9896): 951–962. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60733-3. PMID 23810019. S2CID 32085212.
- 1 2 "ABILIFY (aripiprazole) [package insert]" (PDF). Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
- ↑ Thabet, Farouq I.; Sweis, Rochelle T.; Joseph, Suja A. (2013). "Aripiprazole-Induced Seizure in a 3-Year-Old Child". Clinical Neuropharmacology. 36 (1). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 29–30. doi:10.1097/wnf.0b013e3182767efb. ISSN 0362-5664. PMID 23334073.
- ↑ Abbasian C, Power P (March 2009). "A case of aripiprazole and tardive dyskinesia". J Psychopharmacol (Oxford). 23 (2): 214–5. doi:10.1177/0269881108089591. PMID 18515468. S2CID 206489666.
- ↑ Zaidi SH, Faruqui RA (January 2008). "Aripiprazole is associated with early onset of Tardive Dyskinesia like presentation in a patient with ABI and psychosis". Brain Inj. 22 (1): 99–102. doi:10.1080/02699050701822493. PMID 18183513. S2CID 11197371.
- ↑ Maytal G, Ostacher M, Stern TA (June 2006). "Aripiprazole-related tardive dyskinesia". CNS Spectr. 11 (6): 435–9. doi:10.1017/s1092852900014632. PMID 16816781. S2CID 41849016.
- ↑ http://www.medicines.org.uk/EMC/pdfviewer.aspx?isAttachment=true&documentid=16161 [ dead link ]