List of adverse effects of risperidone

This is a list of adverse effects of risperidone. Risperidone, sold under the brand name Risperdal among others, is an antipsychotic. ^[1] It is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism. ^[1]

Common adverse effects

Common adverse effects of risperidone, occurring greater than or equal to 1%, include: ^{[2] [3] [4]}

• Rash (oral, adults, 1% to 4%; pediatrics, up to 11% ; IM, less than 4%)
• Hyperprolactinaemia (risperidone is probably the most notorious antipsychotic for causing hyperprolactinaemia via its potent blockade of D2 receptors expressed on the lactotrophic cells of the pituitary) ^[5] (oral, adults, less than 1%; pediatrics, 49% to 87% ; IM, less than 4%)
• Weight gain (causes less weight gain than clozapine, olanzapine and zotepine, around as much weight gain as quetiapine and more weight gain than amisulpride, aripiprazole, lurasidone, asenapine and ziprasidone) ^[5] (oral, adult, 8.7% to 20.9%; pediatric, 14% to 32.6% ; IM, adult, 8% to 10%)
• Seborrhea
• Constipation (oral, 8% to 21% ; IM, 5% to 7%)
• Diarrhoea (oral, 1% to 8% ; IM, less than 4%)
• Excessive Salivation (oral, 1% to 10% ; IM, 1% to 4%)
• Increased appetite (oral, adult, more than 5%; pediatric, 4% to 47% ; IM, 4%)
• Indigestion (oral, 2% to 10% ; IM, 6%)
• Nausea (oral, 4% to 16% ; IM, 3% to 4%)
• Vomiting (oral, 10% to 25% ; IM, less than 4%)
• Upper abdominal pain (oral, adult, more than 5%; pediatric, 13% to 16%)
• Xerostomia (oral, 4% to 15% ; IM, up to 7%)
• Akathisia (oral, up to 10% ; IM, 4% to 11%)
• Dizziness (oral, 4% to 16% ; IM, 3% to 11%)
• Dyspnoea
• Asthenia
• Agitation
• Urinary incontinence
• Arthralgia
• Myalgia
• Epistaxis
• Somnolence (oral, adult, 3% to 6%; pediatric, 8% to 29% )
• Sleep disturbances
• Major depression, self harm and suicidal thoughts
• Dose-dependent extrapyramidal side effects such as dystonia (oral, adult, 3% to 5%; pediatric, 2% to 6% ; IM, adult, less than 4%), tremor (oral, 2% to 12% ; IM, 3% to 24%) and Parkinsonism (oral, 6% to 28% ; IM, 8% to 15%)
• Blurred vision (oral, 1% to 7% ; IM, 2% to 3%)
• Anxiety (oral, up to 16% IM, less than 4%)
• Cough (oral, adults, 2%; pediatrics, 24% ; IM, 2% to 4%)
• Nasal congestion (oral, adult, 4% to 6%; pediatric, 13%)
• Nasopharyngitis (oral, adult, 3% to 4%; pediatric, 21%)
• Pain in the throat (oral, adult, more than 5%; pediatric, 3% to 10%)
• Upper respiratory tract infection (oral, 2% to 8% ; IM, 2% and 6%)
• Fatigue (oral, adult, 1% to 3%; pediatric, 18% to 42% ; IM, 3% to 9%)
• Generalised pains (IM, 1% to 4%)
• Gynecomastia ^{[6] [7]}
• Galactorrhea ^[8]
• Retrograde ejaculation

Note: The percentage provided next to the adverse effect is the incidence of that adverse effect according to DrugPoint. ^[2]

Rare adverse effects (but not necessarily causally related)

Rare adverse effects of risperidone, occurring less than 1%, include: ^{[2] [3] [4]}

• Prolonged QT interval
• Sudden cardiac death
• Syncope (oral, up to 1% ; IM, up to 2%)
• Diabetic ketoacidosis
• Hypothermia
• Pancreatitis
• Agranulocytosis
• Neutropenia
• Leukopenia
• Thrombocytopenia
• Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
• Stroke (oral, less than 5% ; IM, less than 4%)
• Seizure (oral, 0.3% ; IM, 0.3%)
• Tardive dyskinesia (oral, less than 5% ; IM, less than 4%)
• Priapism
• Pulmonary embolism
• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (oral, adults, less than 1%; pediatrics, less than 5%)
• Anorexia
• Hypoaesthesia
• Impaired concentration
• Sexual dysfunction
• Angioedema
• Intestinal obstruction
• Megacolon
• Oedema
• Hyponatraemia

Note: The percentage provided next to the adverse effect is the incidence of that adverse effect according to DrugPoint. ^[2]

References

1. "Risperidone". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 2015-12-02. Retrieved Dec 1, 2015.
2. Truven Health Analytics, Inc. DrugPoint® System (Internet) [cited 2013 Sep 18]. Greenwood Village, CO: Thomsen Healthcare; 2013.
3. Joint Formulary Committee. British National Formulary (BNF) 65. Pharmaceutical Pr; 2013.
4. Australian Medicines Handbook 2013 [Internet]. Australian Medicines Handbook Pty. Limited; 2013. Available from: https://www.amh.net.au/online/auth?timeout&page=index.php
5. Leucht, S; Cipriani, A; Spineli, L; Mavridis, D; Örey, D; Richter, F; et al. (Sep 2013). "Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 15 antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis". The Lancet. 382 (9896): 951–62. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60733-3. PMID   23810019. S2CID   32085212.
6. Etminan, Mahyar; Carleton, Bruce; Brophy, James M. (2015-11-19). "Risperidone and Risk of Gynecomastia in Young Men". Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. 25 (9): 671–673. doi:10.1089/cap.2015.0024. ISSN   1557-8992. PMID   26287371.
7. "Gynecomastia and Risperdal - Causes & Symptoms". Archived from the original on 2024-07-13.
8. Peitl, M. V.; Peitl, V.; Grahovac, T.; Pavlović, E. (Mar 2010). "Galactorrhea - side effect of risperidone in combination with depakine chrono in a patient with bipolar disorder". Psychiatr Danub. 22 (1): 125–7. PMID   20305608.