This is an incomplete list of battles/sieges fought by the Ghaznavids.
Indian subcontinent | Turkmenistan | Afghanistan | Iran | Uzbekistan |
( Color legend for the location of the battle )
Year | Name | Location | Ghaznavid commander | Opponent | Victor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
988 | First Battle of Laghman | near Laghman | Sabuktigin | Jayapala( Kabul Shahi ) | Ghaznavids [1] |
991 | Second Battle of Laghman | near Laghman | Sabuktigin | Jayapala( Kabul Shahi ) | Ghaznavids [2] |
994 | Battle of Herat | near Herat | Sabuktigin | Abu Ali Simjuri( Simjurids ) | Ghaznavids(Sabuktigin is appointed Amir of Khurasan, Balkh and Herat) [3] |
998 | 1st Battle of Ghazni | Ghazni | Ismail of Ghazni (Amir of Ghazna) | Mahmud | Mahmud of Ghazna is made Amir of Ghazna. [4] |
May 999 | Battle of Merv | Merv | Mahmud of Ghazni(Samanid forces for Mansur II) | Samanid forces of Abd al-Malik II | Mahmud of Ghazni [5] |
1001 | Battle of Peshawar | Peshawar | Mahmud of Ghazni | Jayapala( Kabul Shahi ) | Ghaznavids [6] |
1005-6 | Siege of Multan | Multan | Mahmud of Ghazni | Fateh Daud | Ghaznavids [7] |
1008 | Battle of Balkh | Balkh | Mahmud of Ghazni | Ahmad Arslan Qara Khan(Kara-Khanids) | Ghaznavids [8] [9] |
1009 | Battle of Chach | Chach | Mahmud of Ghazni | Anandapala( Kabul Shahi ) | Ghaznavids [6] |
1027 | Battle of the Indus River | Mahmud of Ghazni | Jats | Ghaznavids [10] | |
1030 November | Battle of Makran | unknown | Isa of Makran | Ghaznavids [11] | |
1032 | Battle of Dabusiyya | Altun Tash(Ghaznavid general) | Kara-Khanids & Seljuq allies | Indecisive [12] | |
1033 | Siege of Sarsawa | near Saharanpur | Mas'ud I of Ghazni | Mas'ud I [13] | |
1035 | Battle of Nasa Plains | Tabaristan | Iltughdi(Ghaznavid chamberlain) | Chaghri Beg(Seljuq Turks) | Seljuq Turks [14] |
1037 | Siege of Hansi | near Delhi [13] | Mas'ud I of Ghazni | Mas'ud I [15] | |
1038 | Battle of Sarakhs | Sarakhs | Abu'l-Fadl Suri(Ghaznavid governor of Khurasan) | Tughril(Seljuq Turks) | Seljuq Turks [16] |
1038 | Battle of Rey | Rey | Muhammad ibn Rustam Dushmanziyar(Kakuyids) | Kakuyid dynasty [17] | |
1040 | Battle of Dandanaqan | near Merv | Mas'ud I of Ghazni | Chaghri Beg, Tughril(Seljuq Turks) | Seljuq Turks [18] |
November 1040 | Siege of Zaranj | Zaranj | Abu l-Fadl(Ghaznavid commander) | Ertash(Seljuq Turks) | Abu l-Fadl joined Seljuq Turks and Zaranj was occupied. [19] |
19 March 1041 | Battle of Nangrahar | near Jalalabad | Muhammad(second son of Mahmud ) | Maw'dud(eldest son of Masud ) | Maw'dud defeats Muhammad and gains Ghaznavid throne. [20] |
1043-44 | Tokharistan | Maw'dud | Alp Arslan(Seljuq Turks) | Seljuq Turks [21] | |
1045-6 | near Zaranj | Ertash(Seljuq Turks) | Ghaznavids [22] | ||
1051 | Battle of Hupyan | Hupyan | Toghrul of Ghazna | Alp Arslan | Ghaznavids [23] |
1051 | Siege of Taq | Sistan | Toghrul of Ghazna(slave general) | Kotwal Hilal Daraqi( Saffarids ) | Saffarids retain Taq [24] |
1116 | Battle of Tiginabad | Tiginabad(near Kandahar) [25] | Arslan Shah (Sultan of Ghaznavid Empire) | Bahram-Shah | Arslan Shah [26] |
1117 | 2nd Battle of Ghazni | plain of Shahrabad, near Ghazni [27] | Arslan Shah (Sultan of Ghaznavid Empire) | Ahmad Sanjar Bahram-Shah | Ahmad Sanjar(Sultan of the Great Seljuq Empire) [27] |
12 May 1149 | Battle of Sang-i Surakh | Near upper part of the Helmand River | Bahram-Shah | Sayf al-Din Suri (Ghurids) | Bahram Shah [28] |
June 1170 | (near Kannauj) | Jayachandra(Gahadvala dynasty) | Gahadvala dynasty [29] | ||
1186 | Siege of Lahore | Lahore | Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad(Ghurid dynasty) | Ghurid dynasty [30] |
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The Ghaznavid dynasty or the Ghaznavid Empire was a Persianate Muslim dynasty and empire of Turkic mamluk origin, ruling at its greatest extent, large parts of Iran, Khorasan, and the northwest Indian subcontinent from 977 to 1186. The dynasty was founded by Sabuktigin upon his succession to the rule of Ghazna after the death of his father-in-law, Alp Tigin, who was an ex-general of the Samanid Empire from Balkh.
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