List of borough presidents of New York City

The following is a list of borough presidents of the five boroughs of New York City.

Manhattan

Before 1874, when it annexed part of the Bronx, New York City was the same as the present Borough of Manhattan. For New York's mayors before 1898, see List of mayors of New York City.

No.	Image	Borough President	Term	Party		Election
1		Augustus W. Peters (1844–1898) [1]	January 1, 1898 – December 29, 1898 (died in office) [2]		Democratic	1897
Vacant			December 29, 1898 – January 5, 1899
2		James J. Coogan (1846–1915) [3]	January 5, 1899 – January 1, 1902 (did not run)		Democratic	App.
3		Jacob A. Cantor (1854–1921) [4] [5]	January 1, 1902 – January 1, 1904 (did not run)		Fusion/Republican	1901
4		John F. Ahearn (1853–1920) [6] [7] [8]	January 1, 1904 – December 29, 1909 (removed) [a]		Democratic	1903
						1905
5		John Cloughen (1849–1911) Interim [13] [14] [15]	December 29, 1909 – January 1, 1910 (successor took office)		Democratic	App.
6		George McAneny (1869–1953) [16]	January 1, 1910 – January 1, 1914 (did not run) [17] [18]		Fusion/Democratic	1909
7		Marcus M. Marks (1858–1934) [17] [18]	January 1, 1914 – January 1, 1918 (did not run)		Republican	1913
8		Frank L. Dowling (c.1865–1919) [19]	January 1, 1918 – September 27, 1919 (died in office) [20]		Democratic	1917
–		Michael F. Loughman (1866–1937) Acting [21]	September 27, 1919 – October 16, 1919 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
9		Edward F. Boyle (c.1876–1943) Interim [22]	October 16, 1919 – November 17, 1919 (resigned) [b]		Democratic	App.
–		Michael F. Loughman (1866–1937) Acting [24]	November 17, 1919 – January 1, 1920 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
10		Henry H. Curran (1877–1966) [25] [26]	January 1, 1920 – January 1, 1922 (successor took office)		Republican	1919 special
11		Julius Miller (1880–1955) [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32]	January 1, 1922 – January 1, 1931 (resigned) [c]		Democratic	1921
						1925
						1929
Vacant			January 1, 1931 – January 16, 1931
12		Samuel Levy (1876–1953) [34] [35]	January 16, 1931 – January 1, 1938 (did not run) [36]		Democratic	App.
						1933
13		Stanley M. Isaacs (1882–1962) [37] [38]	January 1, 1938 – January 1, 1942 (lost nomination) [39]		Republican	1937
14		Edgar J. Nathan (1891–1965) [40] [41] [42]	January 1, 1942 – January 1, 1946 (lost election) [43]		Republican	1941
15		Hugo Rogers (1899–1974) [43] [44]	January 1, 1946 – January 1, 1950 (did not run) [45]		Democratic	1945
16		Robert F. Wagner Jr. (1910–1991) [46]	January 1, 1950 – January 1, 1954 (did not run) [d]		Democratic	1949
17		Hulan Jack (1906–1986) [47] [48]	January 1, 1954 – January 13, 1960 (suspended himself) [e]		Democratic	1953
						1957
–		Louis A. Cioffi (TBA–TBA) Acting [49] [50]	January 13, 1960 – March 15, 1960 (predecessor resumed office)		Democratic	–
(17)		Hulan Jack (1906–1986) [50]	March 15, 1960 [f] – April 22, 1960 (suspended himself and removed) [g]		Democratic	–
–		Louis A. Cioffi (TBA–TBA) Acting [51]	April 22, 1960 – January 31, 1961 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
18		Edward Richard Dudley (1911–2005) [53] [54]	January 31, 1961 – January 4, 1965 (resigned) [h]		Democratic	App.
						1961
–		Earl Louis Brown (1903–1980) Acting	January 4, 1965 – February 24, 1965 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
19		Constance Baker Motley (1921–2005) [57] [58]	February 24, 1965 – September 8, 1966 (resigned) [i]		Democratic	App.
						1965
–		Leonard N. Cohen (TBA–TBA) Acting [60]	September 8, 1966 – September 13, 1966 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
20		Percy Sutton (1920–2009) [61] [62] [63] [64]	September 13, 1966 – January 1, 1978 (did not run) [j]		Democratic	App.
						1966 special
						1969
						1973
21		Andrew Stein (born 1945) [65] [66] [67]	January 1, 1978 – January 1, 1986 (did not run) [k]		Democratic	1977
						1981
22		David Dinkins (1927–2020) [68]	January 1, 1986 – January 1, 1990 (did not run) [l]		Democratic	1985
23		Ruth Messinger (born 1940) [70] [71]	January 1, 1990 – January 1, 1998 (did not run) [m]		Democratic	1989
						1993
24		C. Virginia Fields (born 1945) [72] [73]	January 1, 1998 – January 1, 2006 (did not run) [n]		Democratic	1997
						2001
25		Scott Stringer (born 1960) [74] [75]	January 1, 2006 – January 1, 2014 (did not run) [o]		Democratic	2005
						2009
26		Gale Brewer (born 1951) [76] [77]	January 1, 2014 – January 1, 2022 (term-limited) [78]		Democratic	2013
						2017
27		Mark Levine (born 1969) [79]	January 1, 2022 – present [p]		Democratic	2021

Notes

1. Ahearn was removed by Governor Charles Evans Hughes for failure to perform his duties, ^[9] but was re-elected as his own replacement by a 24–12 vote of the Manhattan aldermen ^[10] and managed to stay in office by legal challenges until the Court of Appeals ruled against him near the end of his term. ^{[11] [12]}
2. Boyle resigned to become chairman of the New York State Industrial Commission. ^[23]
3. Miller resigned to become a justice of the New York State Supreme Court. ^[33]
4. Wagner instead ran successfully for Mayor of New York City.
5. Jack suspended himself from office upon being indicted for conspiracy to obstruct justice and violations of the New York City charter. ^[49]
6. Jack resumed office after his indictment was dismissed on technical grounds. ^[50]
7. Jack suspended himself a second time when his indictment was reinstated ^[51] and was removed from office upon his sentencing. ^[52]
8. Dudley resigned to become a justice of the New York State Supreme Court. ^{[55] [56]}
9. Baker was appointed as a federal judge. ^{[59] [60]}
10. Sutton instead ran unsuccessfully for Mayor of New York City. ^[65]
11. Stein instead ran successfully for President of the New York City Council.
12. Dinkins instead ran successfully for Mayor of New York City. ^[69]
13. Messinger instead ran unsuccessfully for Mayor of New York City.
14. Fields instead ran unsuccessfully for Mayor of New York City.
15. Stringer instead ran successfully for New York City Comptroller.
16. Levine's current term expires on December 31, 2025; he is eligible for a second term, but is instead running for New York City Comptroller.

The Bronx

No.	Image	Borough President	Term	Party		Election
1		Louis F. Haffen (1854–1935) [1] [4] [6] [7]	January 1, 1898 – August 29, 1909 (removed) [a]		Democratic	1897
						1901
						1903
						1905
2		John F. Murray (1862–1928) Interim [81] [16]	August 29, 1909 – January 1, 1910 (successor took office)		Democratic	App.
3		Cyrus C. Miller (1866–1956) [16]	January 1, 1910 – January 1, 1914 (did not run) [82]		Democratic	1909
4		Douglas Mathewson (1870–1948) [17] [83]	January 1, 1914 – January 1, 1918 (did not run) [b]		Fusion/Republican	1913
5		Henry Bruckner (1871–1942) [19] [85] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31]	January 1, 1918 – January 1, 1934 (did not run) [86]		Democratic	1917
						1921
						1925
						1929
6		James J. Lyons (1890–1966) [35] [87] [37] [40] [43] [44] [46] [47] [48]	January 1, 1934 – January 2, 1962 (did not run) [88]		Democratic	1933
						1937
						1941
						1945
						1949
						1953
						1957
7		Joseph F. Periconi (1910–1994) [54] [89]	January 2, 1962 – December 28, 1965 (lost election) [90]		Republican/Liberal/Brotherhood	1961
8		Herman Badillo (1929–2014) [90] [91]	December 28, 1965 – January 1, 1970 (did not run) [c]		Democratic	1965
9		Robert Abrams (born 1938) [63] [93] [64] [65] [66]	January 1, 1970 – January 1, 1979 (resigned) [d]		Democratic	1969
						1973
						1977
Vacant			January 1, 1979 – January 5, 1979
10		Stanley Simon (1930–2023) [95] [67] [68]	January 5, 1979 – March 11, 1987 (resigned) [e]		Democratic	App.
						1981
						1985
–		Cecil P. Joseph (TBA–TBA) Acting [97]	March 11, 1987 – April 15, 1987 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
11		Fernando Ferrer (born 1950) [98] [99] [70] [71] [72]	April 15, 1987 – January 1, 2002 (term-limited) [73]		Democratic	App.
						1989
						1993
						1997
12		Adolfo Carrión Jr. (born 1961) [73] [74]	January 1, 2002 – February 19, 2009 (resigned) [f]		Democratic	2001
						2005
–		Earl D. Brown (TBA–TBA) Acting [101]	February 19, 2009 – May 21, 2009 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
13		Rubén Díaz Jr. (born 1973) [102] [103] [104] [105] [106]	May 21, 2009 – January 1, 2022 (term-limited) [107]		Democratic	2009 special
						2009
						2013
						2017
14		Vanessa Gibson (born 1979) [79]	January 1, 2022 – present [g]		Democratic	2021

Notes

1. Haffen was removed by Governor Charles Evans Hughes for misconduct in office and neglect of duty. ^[80]
2. Mathewson instead ran successfully for a City Court judge position. ^[84]
3. Badillo instead ran unsuccessfully for Mayor of New York City. ^{[92] [63]}
4. Abrams resigned to become New York Attorney General. ^[94]
5. Simon resigned prior to being indicted in the Wedtech scandal. ^[96]
6. Carrión resigned to become Director of the White House Office of Urban Affairs. ^[100]
7. Gibson's current term will expire on December 31, 2025; she is running for a second term.

Brooklyn

See also: History of Brooklyn § Mayors of the City of Brooklyn

No.	Image	Borough President	Term	Party		Election
1		Edward M. Grout (1861–1931) [1] [108]	January 1, 1898 – January 1, 1902 (did not run) [109]		Democratic	1897
2		J. Edward Swanstrom (1853–1911) [4] [110]	January 1, 1902 – January 1, 1904 (lost election) [111]		Fusion/Republican	1901
3		Martin W. Littleton (1872–1934) [111] [112]	January 1, 1904 – January 1, 1906 (did not run)		Democratic-Independent	1903
4		Bird Sim Coler (1867–1941) [7] [113] [114]	January 1, 1906 – January 1, 1910 (did not run) [115]		Municipal Ownership League	1905
5		Alfred E. Steers (1860–1948) [16] [116]	January 1, 1910 – January 1, 1914 (did not run)		Democratic-Independent	1909
6		Lewis H. Pounds (1860–1947) [17] [18] [117]	January 1, 1914 – January 1, 1918 (lost election) [19]		Fusion/Republican	1913
7		Edward J. Riegelmann (1869–1941) [19] [118] [27] [28]	January 1, 1918 – January 1, 1925 (resigned) [a]		Democratic	1917
						1921
8		Joseph A. Guider (1870–1926) [119] [29] [30]	January 1, 1925 – September 22, 1926 (died in office) [120]		Democratic	App.
						1925
–		James J. Byrne (1863–1930) [121] [122] [123] [31]	September 22, 1926 – September 30, 1926		Democratic	–
9			September 30, 1926 – March 14, 1930 (died in office) [124]			App.
						1926 special
						1929
–		Henry Hesterberg (1881–1950) Interim [125] [126] [127] [128]	March 14, 1930 – April 2, 1930		Democratic	–
10			April 2, 1930 – December 11, 1933 (lost election then resigned) [b]			App.
						1930 special
11		Peter A. Carey (c.1873–1940) Interim [130] [131]	December 13, 1933 – January 1, 1934 (successor took office)		Democratic	App.
12		Raymond Ingersoll (1875–1940) [35] [132] [37]	January 1, 1934 – February 24, 1940 (died in office) [133]		Fusion/Democratic	1933
						1937
–		Arthur R. Ebel (TBA–TBA) Acting [134] [135]	February 24, 1940 – March 4, 1940 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
13		John Cashmore (1895–1961) [136] [137] [40] [43] [44] [46] [47] [48]	March 4, 1940 – May 7, 1961 (died in office) [138]		Democratic	App.
						1940 special
						1941
						1945
						1949
						1953
						1957
–		John F. Hayes (1915–2001) Interim [138] [139]	May 7, 1961 – July 6, 1961		Democratic	–
14			July 6, 1961 – January 1, 1962 (successor took office)			App.
15		Abe Stark (1894–1972) [54] [58] [63] [140]	January 1, 1962 – September 8, 1970 (resigned) [c]		Democratic	1961
						1965
						1969
16		Sebastian Leone (1924–2016) [142] [143] [64]	September 9, 1970 – January 1, 1977 (resigned) [d]		Democratic	App.
						1973
17		Howard Golden (1925–2024) [145] [65] [66] [67] [68] [70] [72]	January 3, 1977 – January 1, 2002 (term-limited) [73]		Democratic	App.
						1977
						1981
						1985
						1989
						1993
						1997
18		Marty Markowitz (born 1945) [73] [74] [146]	January 1, 2002 – January 1, 2014 (term-limited) [147]		Democratic	2001
						2005
						2009
19		Eric Adams (born 1960) [147] [148] [149]	January 1, 2014 – January 1, 2022 (term-limited) [e]		Democratic	2013
						2017
20		Antonio Reynoso (born 1983) [79]	January 1, 2022 – present [f]		Democratic	2021

Notes

1. Riegelmann resigned to become a justice of the New York State Supreme Court. ^[119]
2. Hesterberg lost the 1933 election, ^[35] then resigned two weeks before the end of his term to accept a position on the City Water Board. ^[129]
3. Stark resigned due to poor health. ^[141]
4. Leone resigned to become a justice of the New York State Supreme Court. ^[144]
5. Adams instead ran successfully for Mayor of New York City.
6. Reynoso's current term will expire on December 31, 2025; he is running for a second term.

Queens

No.	Image	Borough President	Term	Party		Election
1		Frederick Bowley (1851–1916) [1]	January 1, 1898 – January 1, 1902 (did not run)		Democratic	1897
2		Joseph Cassidy (c.1866–1920) [4] [6]	January 1, 1902 – January 1, 1906 (lost election) [7] [150]		Democratic	1901
						1903
3		Joseph Bermel (1860–1921) [7] [150]	January 1, 1906 – April 29, 1908 (resigned) [a]		Democratic	1905
4		Lawrence Gresser (1851–1935) [152] [16]	April 30, 1908 – September 27, 1911 (removed) [b]		Democratic	App.
						1909
–		Walter H. Bunn (1839–1918) Acting [154] [155]	September 27, 1911 – October 4, 1911 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
5		Maurice E. Connolly (1880–1935) [156] [17] [19] [27] [28] [29] [30] [18]	October 4, 1911 – April 2, 1928 (resigned) [c]		Democratic	App.
						1913
						1917
						1921
						1925
–		Michael J. Shugrue (TBA–TBA) Acting [157]	April 2, 1928 – April 18, 1928 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
6		Bernard M. Patten (TBA–TBA) Interim [158]	April 18, 1928 – January 1, 1929 (lost election) [159]		Democratic	App.
7		George U. Harvey (1881–1946) [159] [160] [31] [35] [37]	January 1, 1929 – January 1, 1942 (lost election) [40]		Republican	1928 special
						1929
						1933
						1937
8		James A. Burke (1890–1965) [40] [161] [162] [43] [44]	January 1, 1942 – January 1, 1950 (did not run) [163]		Democratic	1941
						1945
9		Maurice A. FitzGerald (1897–1951) [46]	January 1, 1950 – August 25, 1951 (died in office) [164]		Democratic	1949
–		Joseph F. Mafera (1895–1967) Interim [165] [166]	August 25, 1951 – September 5, 1951		Democratic	–
10			September 5, 1951 – January 1, 1952 (did not run) [d]			App.
11		James A. Lundy (c.1906–1973) [169] [170] [171] [47]	January 1, 1952 – January 1, 1958 (lost election) [48]		Republican	1951 special
						1953
12		James J. Crisona (1907–2003) [48] [172]	January 1, 1958 – January 1, 1959 (resigned) [e]		Democratic	1957
Vacant			January 1, 1959 – January 5, 1959
13		John T. Clancy (1903–1985) [174] [176]	January 5, 1959 – January 1, 1963 (resigned) [f]		Democratic	App.
						1959 special
						1961
14		Mario J. Cariello (1907–1985) [178] [58]	January 2, 1963 – January 1, 1969 (resigned) [g]		Democratic	App.
						1965
–		Sidney Leviss (1917–2007) [180] [63]	January 1, 1969 – January 3, 1969		Democratic	–
15			January 3, 1969 – September 18, 1971 (resigned) [h]			App.
						1969
16		Donald Manes (1934–1986) [183] [184] [64] [65] [66] [67] [68]	September 22, 1971 – February 11, 1986 (resigned) [i]		Democratic	App.
						1971 special
						1973
						1977
						1981
						1985
–		Claire Shulman (1926–2020) [185] [187] [188] [189] [70] [72]	February 11, 1986 – March 12, 1986		Democratic	–
17			March 12, 1986 – January 1, 2002 (term-limited) [73]			App.
						1986 special
						1989
						1993
						1997
18		Helen M. Marshall (1929–2017) [73] [74] [190]	January 1, 2002 – January 1, 2014 (term-limited)		Democratic	2001
						2005
						2009
19		Melinda Katz (born 1965) [191] [192]	January 1, 2014 – January 1, 2020 (resigned) [j]		Democratic	2013
						2017
–		Sharon Lee (born TBA) Acting [193] [194] [195]	January 1, 2020 – December 2, 2020 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
20		Donovan Richards (born 1983) [196] [79] [197]	December 2, 2020 – present [k]		Democratic	2020 special
						2021

Notes

1. Bermel resigned while under investigation for corruption. ^[151]
2. Gresser was removed by Governor John Alden Dix for "inefficiency, incompetency, and neglect of duty." ^[153]
3. Connolly resigned while under investigation for official conspiracy. ^[157]
4. Mafera was instead named to the City Tax Commission by Mayor Vincent R. Impellitteri. ^{[167] [168]}
5. Crisona resigned to become a justice of the New York State Supreme Court. ^{[173] [174] [175]}
6. Clancy resigned to become a Surrogate Court judge. ^[177]
7. Cariello resigned to become a justice of the New York State Supreme Court. ^{[179] [180]}
8. Leviss resigned to run successfully for a seat on the New York State Supreme Court. ^{[181] [182]}
9. Manes resigned during a corruption investigation ahead of his indictment. ^[185] He committed suicide a month later. ^[186]
10. Katz resigned to become Queens County District Attorney. ^{[193] [194]}
11. Richards's current term expires on December 31, 2025; he is running for a second term.

Richmond/Staten Island

The Borough of Richmond was renamed the Borough of Staten Island in 1975. The county is still named Richmond County.

No.	Image	Borough President	Term	Party		Election
1		George Cromwell (1860–1934) [4] [7] [16] [6]	May 24, 1898 [a] – January 1, 1914 (did not run)		Republican	1897
						1901
						1903
						1905
						1909
2		Charles J. McCormack (1865–1915) [17]	January 1, 1914 – July 11, 1915 (died in office) [200]		Democratic	1913
–		Spire Pitou Jr. (1874–1946) Acting [201]	July 11, 1915 – July 29, 1915 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
3		Calvin D. Van Name (1857–1924) [202] [19]	July 29, 1915 – January 1, 1922 (did not run) [203]		Democratic	App.
						1917
4		Matthew J. Cahill (1869–1922) [27] [28]	January 1, 1922 – July 14, 1922 (died in office) [204]		Democratic	1921
Vacant			July 14, 1922 – July 18, 1922
5		John A. Lynch (1882–1954) [205] [206] [29] [30] [31]	July 18, 1922 – January 1, 1934 (lost nomination) [207] [208] [209] [35]		Democratic	App.
						1922 special
						1925
						1929
6		Joseph A. Palma (1889–1969) [35] [210] [37] [40]	January 1, 1934 – January 1, 1946 (did not run) [211]		Republican	1933
						1937
						1941
7		Cornelius A. Hall (1889–1953) [43] [44] [46]	January 1, 1946 – February 12, 1953 (retired) [b]		Democratic	1945
						1949
–		Thomas F. Reilly (1895–1969) Acting [212]	February 12, 1953 – February 20, 1953 (successor took office)		Democratic	–
8		Edward G. Baker (1906–1971) [214] [47]	February 20, 1953 – January 1, 1955 (resigned) [c]		Democratic	App.
						1953
9		Albert V. Maniscalco (1908–1998) [216] [217] [48] [54]	January 1, 1955 – January 1, 1966 (lost election) [58]		Democratic	App.
						1955 special
						1957
						1961
10		Robert T. Connor (1919–2009) [58] [63] [64]	January 1, 1966 – June 10, 1977 (resigned) [d]		Republican	1965
						1969
						1973
11		Anthony Gaeta (1927–1988) [218] [65] [66] [67]	June 10, 1977 – November 10, 1984 (retired) [219]		Democratic	App.
						1977
						1981
12		Ralph J. Lamberti (1934–2025) [220] [68]	November 10, 1984 – January 1, 1990 (lost election) [70]		Democratic	App.
						1985
13		Guy Molinari (1928–2018) [70] [72]	January 1, 1990 – January 1, 2002 (term-limited) [73]		Republican	1989
						1993
						1997
14		James Molinaro (born 1931) [74] [221]	January 1, 2002 – January 1, 2014 (term-limited) [73]		Conservative	2001
						2005
						2009
15		James Oddo (born 1966) [222] [223]	January 1, 2014 – January 1, 2022 (term-limited) [224] [73]		Republican	2013
						2017
16		Vito Fossella (born 1965) [79]	January 1, 2022 – present [e]		Republican	2021

Notes

1. Cromwell was elected in November 1897 but not sworn into office until May 1898 because the election results were disputed and appealed. ^{[198] [199]}
2. Hall retired due to illness ^[212] and died less than a month later. ^[213]
3. Baker resigned to become a justice of the New York State Supreme Court. ^[215]
4. Connor resigned to become deputy assistant to the Secretary of the Navy. ^[218]
5. Fossella's current term expires on December 31, 2025; he is running for a second term.

See also

• Borough president

References

1. "Democrats Take All — The Tammany Ticket Makes Almost a Clean Sweep of the Greater City — Only Two Republicans in the Council — Van Wyck's Plurality Is 80,316 — Seth Low Ran Nearly 40,000 Ahead of His Ticket — The Republicans Lose 21 Assemblymen and Elect Only 11 Candidates to the Board of Aldermen". The New York Times. November 4, 1897. p. 1. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
2. "Augustus W. Peters Dead — President of Manhattan Borough Succumbs to Heart Disease — Found Sitting in a Chair — The Barking of a Dog Summoned His Friend Henry Chaurant to His Room in the Early Morning". The New York Times. December 30, 1898. p. 12. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
3. "New Borough President — James J. Coogan Elected to Succeed the Late A.W. Peters — His Selection a Surprise — Members of Municipal Assembly Did Not Know for Whom They Were to Vote Until the Last Minute". The New York Times. January 6, 1899. p. 12. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
4. "Victory For The Fusion Ticket — Seth Low Elected Mayor by About 33,000 Plurality — Jerome Defeats Unger — Fusion Borough Presidents Chosen in Three Boroughs — Van Wyck Left Far Behind — Contest Close for Sheriff in This County — Jerome Wins by About 15,000 — Fusion Justices Win — Democrats Carry Only Queens and Bronx". The New York Times. November 6, 1901. p. 1. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
5. "Manhattan Borough's President at Work — Jacob A. Cantor Quickly Organizes His Official Staff — His Dispute With Mr. Fornes". The New York Times. January 2, 1902. p. 14. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
6. "M'Clellan — Carries the City by Over 61,000 Plurality — Tammany Controls Boards of Estimate and Aldermen — Littleton Loses in Brooklyn — Devery Gets About 3,000 Votes". The New York Times. November 1903. p. 1. Retrieved November 20, 2016.
7. "Ahearn and Haffen Won — The Only Two Borough President Tammany Elected — Cassidy Beaten". The New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
8. "Borough President Installed — Jacob A. Cantor Welcomes His Successor in Office and Compliments Are Exchanged". The New York Times. January 2, 1904. p. 14. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
9. "Hughes Turns Ahearn Out — "He Failed to Perform His Duty, with Reference to the Streets" — Remissness Was Flagrant — Governor Satisfied That Concern Doing Carpentry Work Was Cover for Walker — The City Was Despoiled — Attempt Will Be Made to Obtain an Injunction Which Will Retain Him in Office". The New York Times. December 10, 1907. p. 1. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
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13. "Revokes Higher Pay For City Justices — Public Opposition to $4,000 Increase Forces Estimate Board to Reverse Itself — Justice Scott Takes Blame — Urged Bigger Salary, He Says, Without His Associates' Consent — Metz Alone for It". The New York Times. November 30, 1909. p. 7. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
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16. "Gaynor Wins; Tammany Loses All The Rest — A Clean Sweep by Fusion of All Offices Outside of the Mayoralty — Gaynor's Plurality 72,500 — But Fusion Has Carried the Board of Estimate and with It City Control — Whitman District Attorney — Beats George Gordon Battle for the Office by About 22,000 Votes — All Patronage to Fusion — Controllership, Aldermanic Presidency, County Offices, and Supreme Court — All Gone — Borough Presidents, Too — McAneny Wins in Manhattan, Gresser Carries Queens, Miller the Bronx — And Roesch Is Beaten". The New York Times. November 3, 1909. p. 1. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
17. "Tammany's Rout Made Complete in City and State — New York City Gave Mitchel a Plurality of 121,209 Over McCall — One Lone Office Saved — Wigwam May Get a Vote in the Board of Estimate from McCormack — Werner's Fate Is in Doubt — With Returns from 4 Counties Incomplete He May Have Lost Chief Judgeship — Hiscock, Associate, Wins — 29 Out of 46 Assemblymen Who Impeached Sulzer Are Beaten — Cardozo Wins in the City — Heavy Fusion Vote in the Bronx Deprives Tammany of a Supreme Court Judgeship". The New York Times. November 6, 1913. p. 1. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
18. "Not One Seat In Board Of Estimate Saved to Tammany — Fusion Aldermen Also — McAneny and Prendergast In Safely With Other Fusion Borough Heads — Close in New York County — With Just a Possibility at Midnight That Murphy May Save It — Neck and Neck in Bronx — Matthewson, (Rep.,) May Have Beaten Tammany and Third Ticket Up There — Queens Easy For Connolly — Brooklyn Gave Fusion 54,808 Plurality — Republicans Carry County — Prendergast's Vote Cut". The New York Times. November 5, 1913. p. 1. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
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25. "La Guardia Wins by 1,530 — Beats Moran for President of Board of Aldermen in a Close Contest — Koenig Ordered Vigilance — Warned Republican Chairmen to Stay by the Ballot Boxes and Scrutinize Count — Curran Defeats Boyle — Five Republican Votes in Board of Estimate Assured — Clean Cut Result in Supreme Court". The New York Times. November 5, 1919. p. 1. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
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126. "Hesterberg Made Byrne's Successor — Elected to Serve as Borough President of Brooklyn Until Dec. 31 — 1,000 Attend Ceremony — Names P.A. Carey to Replace Him as Public Works Head and Promotes Two Others — Praised by the Mayor — Mayor Pays Tribute to Byrne and Praises the Selection of the New Official". The New York Times. April 3, 1930. p. 31. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
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