 | This article needs additional citations for verification .(January 2024) |
This is a list of engagements that have occurred during the Myanmar Civil War.
Contents
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(January 2024) |
This is a list of engagements that have occurred during the Myanmar Civil War.
| Name | Location | Start date | End date | Result of the battle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kalay clashes | Mainly Kalay and surrounding villages, Myanmar | 28 March 2021 | Ongoing | |
| Battle of Taze | Taze Township, Shwebo District, Sagaing Region, Myanmar | 7 April 2021 | Ongoing | |
| Battle of Mindat | Mindat | 24 April 2021 | 12 May 2021 | SAC victory |
| First Battle of Loikaw | Loikaw Township | 23 May 2021 | 12 December 2021 | Ceasefire |
| Muse clashes | Muse Township, Shan State, Myanmar | 2 June 2021 | 2 December 2021 | Inconclusive |
| Chindwin River ambushes | Chindwin River, Myanmar | 26 May 2021 | Ongoing | |
| Battle of Demoso | Demoso Township | 24 May 2021 | 15 June 2021 | Ceasefire |
| Raid on Hnan Khar | Hnan Khar, Gangaw Township, Myanmar | 1 June 2021 | 1 September 2022 | SAC victory |
| 2021 Myawaddy clashes | Loikaw Township | 2 June 2021 | 28 December 2021 | Inconclusive |
| 2021 Mandalay Boarding House Raid | Mandalay, Myanmar | 22 June 2021 | 22 June 2021 | SAC victory |
| Battle of Myin Thar | Myin Thar, Gangaw Township, Magway Region, Myanmar | 9 September 2021 | 13 September 2021 | SAC victory |
| Battle of Thantlang | Thantlang Township | 19 September 2021 | Ongoing | |
| Battle of Kachinthay | Kachithay, Shwegu Township, Kachin State, Myanmar | 25 November 2021 | 25 November 2021 | Inconclusive |
| Battle of Lay Kay Kaw | Lay Kay Kaw, Myawaddy District, Myanmar | 14 December 2021 | 31 March 2024 | KNU and PDF victory |
| Battle of Demoso (2022) | Demoso, Demoso Township, Karenni State, Myanmar | 1 January 2021 | Ongoing | |
| Second Battle of Loikaw | Loikaw Township | 6 January 2022 | 8 February 2022 | Inconclusive |
| Battle of Kawkareik | Kawkareik Township | 21 October 2022 | 21 October 2022 | SAC victory |
| Siege of Ti Bwar | Chin State | 15 November 2022 | 15 November 2023 | Anti-SAC victory |
| Battle of Mese | Mese Township | 19 February 2023 | 14 June 2023 | Anti-SAC victory |
| Shwe Kokko offensive | Shwe Kokko, Myawaddy District, Myanmar | 1 April 2023 | 11 April 2023 | SAC victory |
| Operation Kanaung | Northern Mandalay Region | 15 July 2023 | 27 September 2023 | Anti-SAC victory |
| Battle of Chinshwehaw | Chinshwehaw Laukkaing Township China-Myanmar border | 27 October 2023 | 1 November 2023 | KNU victory |
| Operation 1027 | Northern Shan State | 27 October 2023 | Ongoing [1] [2] | |
| Operation Taungthaman | Madaya Township | 28 October 2023 | Ongoing | |
| Operation 1107 | Kayah State | 7 November 2023 | Ongoing | |
| Third Battle of Loikaw | Kayah State | 11 November 2023 | Ongoing | |
| Battle of Laukkai | Kokang SAZ | 15 November 2023 | 5 January 2024 | MNDAA Victory [3] |
| 2024 Arakan Army offensive | Rakhine State | 13 November 2023 | Ongoing | |
| Battle of Namhsan | Namhsan, Namhsan Township, Pa Laung Self-Administered Zone, Myanmar | 10 December 2023 | 15 December 2023 | TNLA victory |
| Battle of Kyindwe | Chin State | 22 December 2023 | 1 May 2024 | Anti-SAC victory |
| Operation 0307 [4] | Kachin State | 7 March 2024 | Ongoing | |
| Siege of Myawaddy | Myawaddy Township | 6 April 2024 | 24 April 2024 | SAC victory |
| Battle of Lashio | Lashio District | 2 July 2024 | 3 August 2024 | MNDAA Victory [5] |
| Battle of Budalin | Budalin Township | 30 September 2024 | 30 September 2024 | Resistance Victory |
Kokang is a region in Myanmar. It is located in the northern part of Shan State, with the Salween River to its west, and sharing a border with China's Yunnan Province to the east. Its total land area is around 1,895 square kilometers (732 sq mi). The capital is Laukkai. Kokang is mostly populated by ethnic Kokang people, a Yunnanese descendant living in Myanmar.
Myanmar has been embroiled in armed conflict since 1948, when the country, then known as Burma, gained independence from the United Kingdom. The conflict has largely been ethnic-based, with ethnic armed organisations fighting Myanmar's armed forces, the Tatmadaw, for self-determination. Despite numerous ceasefires and the creation of autonomous self-administered zones in 2008, armed groups continue to call for independence, increased autonomy, or the federalisation of Myanmar. It is the world's longest ongoing civil war, spanning almost eight decades.
Laukkai is the capital of Kokang Self-Administered Zone in the northern part of Shan State, Myanmar. It is located east of the Salween River, which forms part of Myanmar's border with the People's Republic of China at its upper reaches. It is about 10 miles (16 km) away from Nansan, China. In Laukkai, Southwestern Mandarin and Chinese characters are widely used, and the Chinese renminbi is in circulation. It is the main town of Laukkaing Township of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone. It is 117 miles (188 km) from Lashio and 42 miles (68 km) from Kongyan. Its population is 23,435. Laukkai is notorious for its gambling, prostitution, human trafficking and online scams.
The Kokang Self-Administered Zone, as stipulated by the 2008 Constitution of Myanmar, is a former De facto self-administered zone in northern Shan State. The zone is intended to be self-administered by the Kokang people. Its official name was announced by decree on 20 August 2010. It is recognized as illegal by the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA).
The Arakan Army, sometimes referred to as the Arakha Army, is an ethno-nationalist armed organisation based in Rakhine State (Arakan). Founded in April 2009, the AA is the military wing of the United League of Arakan (ULA). The Arakan Army are followers of Theravada Buddhism. It is currently led by Commander-in-Chief Major General Twan Mrat Naing and vice deputy commander-in-chief Brigadier General Nyo Twan Awng. The Arakan Army states that the objective of its armed revolution is to restore the sovereignty of the Arakan people. It was declared a terrorist organization in 2020 by Myanmar, and again by the State Administration Council junta in 2024.
Min Aung Hlaing is a Burmese army general who has ruled Myanmar as the chairman of the State Administration Council (SAC) since seizing power in the February 2021 coup d'état. He additionally appointed himself Prime Minister of Myanmar in August 2021, and assumed presidential duties in July 2024. He has led the Tatmadaw, an independent branch of government, as the Commander-in-chief of Defence Services since March 2011, when he was handpicked to succeed longtime military ruler Senior General Than Shwe, who transferred leadership over the country to a civilian government upon retiring. Before assuming leadership over the Tatmadaw, Min Aung Hlaing served as Joint Chief of Staff from 2010 to 2011. Min Aung Hlaing is the first Defence Services Academy (DSA) graduate in Myanmar to lead a military coup as well as the first DSA graduate to become Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services.
The Palaung State Liberation Front is a political organization and armed group in Myanmar. Its armed wing is the Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA).
The Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) is an armed resistance group in the Kokang region of Myanmar (Burma). The army has existed since 1989, having been the first one to sign a ceasefire agreement with the Burmese government. The ceasefire lasted for about two decades.
The Ta'ang National Liberation Army is a political organization and armed group in Myanmar. It is the armed wing of the Palaung State Liberation Front (PSLF).
The Pa-O National Liberation Army is a Pa-O insurgent group in Myanmar (Burma). It is the armed wing of the Pa-O National Liberation Organisation.
Zaw Min Tun is a Burmese army general and the current Deputy Minister of Information in Myanmar. He holds key leadership roles within the military and government, most notably serving as the chief of the Tatmadaw True News Information Team and heading the press team of the State Administration Council (SAC), which governs Myanmar following the military coup in February 2021. Zaw Min Tun has been recognized as a senior spokesperson for the Myanmar Army, particularly following the military coup, which led to widespread political unrest and public protests. His role has been significant in the communication strategies employed by the military during this period, ensuring the conveyance of the regime's narratives to both domestic and international audiences. He oversees the distribution of information through various state-controlled media outlets, which play a critical role in shaping public perception of the military's actions and policies. His leadership positions within the military and government make him a crucial figure in Myanmar's current political landscape.His influence as a spokesperson extends not only to the management of state-run media outlets but also to the strategic direction of the military’s public relations efforts, both domestically and internationally. He is tasked with defending and justifying the actions of the military regime, countering the narratives of dissent, and addressing criticisms of human rights abuses and military repression. In his various capacities, Zaw Min Tun works to reinforce the military's stance on governance, national security, and opposition to pro-democracy movements. His efforts to control public perception through carefully crafted media campaigns have become integral to the military junta’s hold on power.
The National Unity Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar is a Myanmar government in exile formed by the Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (CRPH), a group of elected lawmakers and members of parliament ousted in the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état. The European Parliament has recognized the NUG as the legitimate government of Myanmar. It includes representatives of the National League for Democracy, ethnic minority insurgent groups, and various minor parties.
The People's Defence Force is the armed wing of the National Unity Government in Myanmar. The armed wing was formed by the NUG from youths and pro-democracy activists on 5 May 2021 in response to the coup d'état that occurred on 1 February 2021 that put the military junta and their armed wing the Tatmadaw in power. The military junta designated it as a terrorist organisation on 8 May 2021. In October 2021, NUG's Ministry of Defence announced that it had formed a central committee to coordinate military operations across the country.
Myanmar's military government plans to hold a general election for elected seats in the Amyotha Hluttaw and the Pyithu Hluttaw of the Assembly of the Union, currently dissolved, at an unspecified time in the future. The planned election would be the first after the 2021 military coup d'état. Though military ruler Min Aung Hlaing initially promised to hold the election by August 2023, the military has since indefinitely delayed the election in the face of increasing violence.
The Myanmar Civil War, also known as the Burmese Civil War, Burmese Spring Revolution, or People's Defensive War, is an ongoing civil war since 2021. It began following Myanmar's long-running insurgencies, which escalated significantly in response to the 2021 military coup d'état and the subsequent violent crackdown on anti-coup protests. The exiled National Unity Government and major ethnic armed organisations repudiated the 2008 Constitution and called instead for a democratic federal state. Besides engaging this alliance, the ruling government of the State Administration Council, or SAC, also contends with other anti-SAC forces in areas under its control. Hannah Beech of The New York Times observed the insurgents are apportioned into hundreds of armed groups scattered across the country.
The following is a timeline of major events during the Myanmar civil war (2021–present), following the 2021 military coup d'état and protests. It was also a renewed intensity in existing internal conflict in Myanmar.
Operation 1027 is an ongoing military offensive conducted by the Three Brotherhood Alliance, a military coalition composed of three ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar: the Arakan Army (AA), Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), and Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), allied with other rebel forces in the country, against the Tatmadaw, Myanmar's ruling military junta.
This is the list of important events happened in Myanmar in 2024.
The Battle of Laukkai was a military offensive conducted by the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) encircling and capturing Laukkai, the capital of the Kokang Self-Administered Zone in northeastern Myanmar. The battle was part of the larger Operation 1027, a joint military operation conducted by the Three Brotherhood Alliance coalition of three ethnic armed organisations and part of the overall renewed civil war in Myanmar.