This is a list of inhabited localities in Kaliningrad Oblast , Russia, with their former names in German, Polish, and Lithuanian. After the former German regions of East Prussia were annexed to the Soviet Union as an exclave of the Russian SFSR, nearly all toponyms were given new Russian names.
English | Russian after 1946 | Russian prior to 1946 | German | Polish | Lithuanian | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baltiysk | Балтийск | Пиллау | Pillau | Piława | Piliava | 33,317 |
Gusev | Гусев | Гумбиннен | Gumbinnen | Gąbin | Gumbinė | 28,260 |
Kaliningrad | Калининград | Кёнигсберг, Королевец | Königsberg | Królewiec | Karaliaučius | 475,056 |
Sovetsk | Советск | Тильзит | Tilsit | Tylża | Tilžė | 39,752 |
Chernyakhovsk | Черняховск | Инстербург | Insterburg | Wystruć | Įsrutis | 35,888 |
Svetly | Све́тлый | Циммербуде | Zimmerbude | Buda | Cimerbūdė | 21,928 |
Guryevsk | Гурьевск | Neuhausen | Romnowo/Nowotki | Noihauzenas | ||
Zelenogradsk | Зеленоградск | Cranz | Koronowo | Krantas | ||
Svetlogorsk | Светлогорск | Rauschen | Rausze | Riaušiai | ||
Gvardeysk | Гвардейск | Tapiau | Tapiawa/Tapiewo | Tepliava/Tepliuva | ||
Bagrationovsk | Багратионовск | Preußisch Eylau | Pruska Iława/Iławka | Prusų Yluva | ||
Krasnoznamensk | Краснознаменск | Haselberg | Łoździenie | Lazdėnai | ||
Ladushkin | Ладушкин | Ludwigsort | Ludwikowo [1] | Balga | ||
Mamonovo | Мамоново | Heiligenbeil | Święta Siekierka/Świętomiejsce | Šventapilis | ||
Neman | Неман | Ragnit | Ragneta | Ragainė | ||
Nesterov | Нестеров | Stallupönen/Ebenrode | Stołupiany | Stalupėnai | ||
Ozyorsk | Озёрск | Darkehmen/Angerapp | Darkiejmy | Darkiemis | ||
Pionersky | Пионерский | Neukuhren | Kurowo [1] | Naujieji Kuršiai | ||
Polessk | Полесск | Labiau | Labiawa | Labguva | ||
Pravdinsk | Правдинск | Friedland | Frydląd [1] | Romuva | ||
Primorsk | Приморск | Fischhausen | Rybaki [1] | Žuvininkai | ||
Slavsk | Славск | Heinrichswalde | Jędrzychowo [2] | Gastos |
English | Russian | German | Polish | Lithuanian |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bolshakovo | Большаково | Skaisgirren | Skajzgiry [1] | Skaistgiriai |
Bychkovo | Бычково | Kaydann | Kajdany [1] | Kaidanas |
Chernyshevskoye | Чернышевское | Eydtkuhnen/Eydtkau | Ejtkuny [1] | Eitkūnai |
Chistye Prudy | Чи́стые Пруды́ | Tollmingkehmen/Tollmingen | Tołminkiejmy | Tolminkiemis |
Dobrovolsk | Добровольск | Pillkallen/Schloßberg | Pilkały [3] | Pilkalnis |
Domnovo | Домново | Domnau | Domnowo [4] | Dumnava |
Donskoye, Ozyorsky District | Донское | Elkinehlen | Elkinele [5] | Elkinėliai |
Donskoye, Svetlogorsky District | Донское | Groß-Dirschkeim | Tryszkajmy | Diržkaimis |
Druzhba | Дружба | Allenburg | Alembork [1] | Alna |
Furmanovo | Фурманово | Stannaitschen/Zweilinden | Stonajcie | Stanaičiai |
Gromovo | Громово | Lauknen | Lauknos | |
imeni Alexandra Kosmodemyanskogo | имени Александра Космодемьянского | Metgethen | ||
Ilyinskoye | Ильинское | Kassuben | Kaszuby [1] | Košūbai |
Kalinino | Калинино | Mehlkehmen | Mielkiemis | |
Khrabrovo | Храброво | Powunden | Powunda | Pavandenė |
Kornevo | Корнево | Zinten | Cynty [6] | Cintai (Sintai) |
Krasnolesye | Краснолесье | Gross Rominten | Rominty Wielkie [1] | Raminta |
Krasnoyarskoye | Красноярское | Sodehnen | Sodeny | Sodėnai |
Krylovo | Крылово | Nordenburg | Nordenbork [1] | Ašvėnai |
Kutuzovo | Кутузово | Kleszowen | Kleszczewo [1] | Klišiai |
Lesnoy | Лесной | Sarkau | Sarkowo [1] [7] | Šarkuva |
Lyublino | Люблино | Seerappen | Karnyczewo/Zaropy | Karnyčiai |
Maltsevo | Мальцево | Klein Karpowen | Karpówko [8] | Mažoji Karpava |
Matrosovo | Матросово | Gilge | Gilia [9] | Gilija |
Mayak | Маяк | Brüsterort | Bruzdava | |
Mayovka | Маёвка | Georgenburg | Jeżewo/Jurbork | Jurbarkas |
Melnikovo | Мельниково | Rudau | Rudawa [1] | Rūdava |
Morskoye | Морское | Pillkoppen | Piłkopy | Pilkopa |
Mysovka | Мысовка | Karkeln | Karklė | |
Nekrasovo, Ozyorsky District | Некрасово | Groß Karpowen | Karpowo Wielkie [10] | Didžioji Karpava |
Nekrasovo, Polessky District | Некрасово | Groß Scharlack | Šarlaukis | |
Novaya Derevnya | Новая Деревня | Gertlauken | Giertławki | Gertlaukiai |
Novomoskovskoye | Новомосковское | Pörschken | Popolity | Popalyčiai |
Novostroyevo | Новостроево | Trempen | Trąpy [1] | Trempai |
Otradnoye | Отрадное | Kunigehlen | Kunigiele [1] | Kunigėliai |
Ozerki | Озерки | Groß-Lindenau | Ogławiszki | Aglaviškiai |
Pobedino | Победино | Schillehnen | Szyleny | Šilėnai |
Pokrovskoye | Покровское | Buttkuhnen | Butkuny | Butkūnai |
Prokhladnoye | Прохладное | Kallningken | Kałninki | Kalnininkai |
Rodniki | Родники | Arnau | Ornowo | Arnava |
Russkoye | Русское | Germau | Girmo [11] | Girmava |
Rybachy | Рыбачий | Rossitten | Rosity/Różyty | Rasytė |
Saranskoe | Саранское | Laukischken | Łaukiszki [1] | Laukiška |
Slavskoye | Славское | Kreuzburg | Krzyżbork [1] | Kryžiapilis/Pronyčiai |
Sosnovka | Сосновка | Augstagirren | Auksztagiry | Aukštagiriai |
Talpaki | Талпáки | Taplacken | Taplaki | Toplaukiai |
Timiryazevo, Slavsky District | Тимирязево | Neukirch | Niziny | Joneikiškiai, Naujoji, Naujėnai |
Timiryazevo, Bagrationovsky District | Тимирязево | Rauschnick, Paplauken, Newecken | Raušininkai, Paplaukiai, Nevėkiai | |
Tokarevka | Токаревка | Makunischken | Makuniszki [1] | Makūniškiai |
Ulyanovo | Ульяново | Kraupischken | Krupyszki [12] | Kraupiškas |
Ushakovo | Ушаково | Brandenburg in Ostpreußen | Pokarmin | Pokarviai |
Vavilovo | Вавилово | Bregden | Bregdai | |
Vzmorye | Взморье | Großheidekrug | Zajazdowo [1] | Grosheidekrugas |
Yantarny | Янтарный | Palmnicken | Palmniki [1] | Palvininkai |
Yasnaya Polyana | Ясная Поляна | Trakehnen | Trakeny [13] /Trakiany | Trakėnai |
Yasnoye | Ясное | Kaukehmen | Kaukiejmy [1] [14] | Kaukėnai |
Zagorskoye | Загорское | Pelleningken | Peleninkai | |
Zalesye | Залесье | Mehlauken | Mielławki | Mielaukiai |
Zalivnoye | Заливное | Postnicken | Postniki [1] | Paustininkai |
Zheleznodorozhny | Железнодорожный | Gerdauen | Gierdawy [1] | Girdava |
Znamensk | Знаменск | Wehlau | Welawa [1] | Vėluva |
The Prussian Confederation was an organization formed on 21 February 1440 at Kwidzyn by a group of 53 nobles and clergy and 19 cities in Prussia, to oppose the arbitrariness of the Teutonic Knights. It was based on an earlier similar organization, the Lizard Union established in 1397 by the nobles of Chełmno Land.
Magdeburg rights were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted by the local ruler. Named after the city of Magdeburg, these town charters were perhaps the most important set of medieval laws in Central Europe. They became the basis for the German town laws developed during many centuries in the Holy Roman Empire. The Magdeburg rights were adopted and adapted by numerous monarchs, including the rulers of Bohemia, Hungary, Poland, and Lithuania, a milestone in the urbanization of the region which prompted the development of thousands of villages and cities.
Chekhovo is a settlement in Bagrationovsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia.
Kulm law, Culm law or Chełmno Law was a legal constitution for a municipal form of government used in several Central European cities in the Middle Ages and early modern period.
The borders of Russia changed through military conquests and by ideological and political unions from the 16th century.
Nowe is a town in Świecie County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 6,270 inhabitants (2004). It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie.
In Poland, zaścianek was historically a village where petty nobility lived, especially in Mazovia and Podlachia. The derived adjective zaściankowy means out-of-the-way or narrow-minded.
Stary Lubotyń is a village in Ostrów Mazowiecka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Stary Lubotyń. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Ostrów Mazowiecka and 102 km (63 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
Celiny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ożarowice, within Tarnowskie Góry County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Ożarowice, 14 km (9 mi) east of Tarnowskie Góry, and 21 km (13 mi) north of the regional capital Katowice.
Główka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gołdap, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south-west of Gołdap and 123 km (76 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is located in the historic region of Masuria.
Maciejowa Wola is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Banie Mazurskie, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is part of the region of Masuria and lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of Banie Mazurskie, 13 km (8 mi) west of Gołdap, and 121 km (75 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
Donskoye is a rural locality in the Ozyorsky District in the Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. Population: 27 (2010 Census);
Poles in Hungary form a population of 7,001, according to the 2011 census, and Polish presence in Hungary dates back to the Middle Ages.
Adelsk is an agrotown in Grodno District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Adelsk selsoviet. It is located close to the border with Poland and 98 kilometres (61 mi) from Grodno. Its population is estimated at 661 inhabitants.
Hyeranyony is an agrotown in Iwye District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Hyeranyony selsoviet. It is located near the border with Lithuania and is known for the 16th-century Hieraniony Castle built by Albertas Goštautas. The village had a population of 1,278 in 2010.
Subotniki or Subbotniki is an agrotown in Iwye District, Grodno Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Subotniki selsoviet.
Maltsevo is a rural locality in Ozyorsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, near the border with Poland. It has a population of 467 (2010 Census); 471 (2002 Census);
Nekrasovo is a rural locality in Ozyorsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, near the border with Poland. It has a population of 76 (2010 Census);
Kazachye is an abandoned village in Ozyorsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, on the border with Poland.
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