This is a list of prisons within Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China.
Name | Enterprise name | City/County/District | Village/Town | Established | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bei'an Prison | Bei'an | 1953 | ||||
Bijiashan Prison | Heilongjiang Tianying Group Bijiashan Farm; Bijiashan Datang Papermaking Ltd. | Jixian County, Shuangyashan | 1953 | In Bijiashan | ||
Daqing Prison | Daqing City Shengtai Industrial Corp. | Daqing | Hongweixing | 1984 | Held 2,500 inmates in 2004, subsidiary enterprises of Daqing City Shengtai Industrial Corp. include: Jinyuan Machinery Plant, Shengtai Steel Rolling Mill, Pengfei Paper Products Plant, Chuncheng Auto Internal Parts factory | |
Dongfeng Prison | Dongfeng Prison South Sand Field | Daowai District, Harbin | 1983 | Holds 1,000 inmates | ||
Fenghuangshan Prison | Fenghuangshan Farm | Dedu | 1955 | |||
Fula'erji Prison | Fularji District, Qiqihar | Merged to Qiqihar Prison in 2003 | ||||
Hadagang Prison | Jidong County, Jixi | Merged to Jixi Prison in 2003 | ||||
Harbin Prison | Xiangfang District, Harbin | More than 1,500 prisoners in 2003, rarely paroles inmates: 7 in 1996 5 in 1997 1 in 1998. | ||||
Hegang Prison | Qingshishan Stone Quarry | Hegang | In Qingshishan | |||
Huashan Prison | Huashan Farm | Harbin City | 1955 | Originally Sujiadian Laogai Farm and Huashan Labor Reform Detachment, had 2000 inmates in 2003 | ||
Hulan Prison | Gezhi Construction Materials Plant, Gezhi Construction Materials Plant Plastic Knitting No. 2 Plant, Cement Plant | Hulan District | Held 3,000 inmates in 2004 | |||
Jiamusi Prison | Jiamusi Farm | Jiamusi | Xigemu | 2003 | Resulted from the merger of Jiamusi City Prison and Prov. Lianjiangkou Prison | |
Jixi Prison | Ping’an Coal Mine; Xinsheng No.2 Wells; Yuxin Coal Mine | Jixi | Xijiao | 2003 | Holds about 4,000 inmates, resulProv. Hadagang Prison merged to form Jixi Prison | |
Laolai Prison | Tianying Group Ltd. Laolai Farm | Nehe | Farm founded in Jun. 1955 | The farm was originally controlled by prison administrative bureau, primarily engaged in agriculture. Cultivated area 10,770 ha. Grows soybeans. Farm has 9 basic units. Throughout the past 50 has undergone reorganization 5 times and had several name changes. From 1955-1968 managed by provincial PSB. 1983put under management of Prov. Judicial Andministration Prison Management Bureau. Jan. 1995 given current name. . 2004 in accordance with the Ministry of Justice Business Separation Act, farm was controlled by Heilongjiang Province Tianying Group Ltd. | ||
Lianjiangkou Prison | Lianjiangkou Farm | Jiamusi | 1956 | In Lianjiangkou, merged to Jiamusi Prison in 2003, includes Qingrong Rice Mill | ||
Liming Prison | Xiangfang District, Harbin | Hongxing, Liming | 7 people were paroled in 1996, 28 in 1997, 13 in 1998. The population of the prison exceeded 1500 in 1998 | |||
Liusan Prison | Grain and Rice Processing Factory; Liusan Farm Ltd. | Tailai County, Qiqihar | Has a labor force of 2,000 people | |||
Mudanjiang Prison | Mudanjiang Prison Clothing Processing Factory; Prov. High-voltage Switch Factory | Mudanjiang | Xinglong | 2001 | resulted from a 2001 merger | |
Provincial Juvenile Offender Detachment | Printing Workshop | Harbin | In 2003 took in 518 new juvenile inmates. Percentage of inmates serving sentences of 6 years or more increased from 48.8% in 2000 to 50% in 2003. July 23, 2003 housed 1,000 juvenile inmates. Jul. 2004 held 1,273 inmates (603 are juveniles, 670 have reached adult age in prison). | |||
Prov. Women's Prison | Landun Clothing Factory | Nangang District, Harbin | ||||
Qiqihar Prison | Fuyu County, Qiqihar | Taha | 2003 | Resulted from a 2003 merger | ||
Qitaihe Prison | Ceramic and Brick Plant; Xinsheng Coal Washery; Qitaihe City Prison Moulded Coal Plant | Qitaihe | 2001 | Resulted from a 2001 merger, in Zhongxinhe (including Longhu), in Sixin (belonging to Tieshan) (Qiezihe District and Taoshan District) | ||
Songbin Prison | Songbin Toothpick Factory | Acheng District, Harbin | Yongyuan | |||
Tailai Prison | Tailai County, Qiqihar | 1969 | 4300 inmates in 2003 | |||
Wudalianchi Prison | Wudalianchi | Formerly Yongfeng Prison | ||||
Wutonghe Prison | Wutonghe Farm | Hegang | 1950 | 400 km² | ||
Xianglan Prison | Xianglan Farm | Tangyuan County, Jiamusi | ||||
Xinjian Prison | Xinjian Construction Co. | Harbin City | an enterprise prison went bankrupt in 2006 | |||
Xinzhao Prison | Harbin Xinsheng Switch Plant | Harbin | 1954 | Merged to Mudanjiang Prison in | ||
Yuquan Prison | Xinya Winged Pipe Energy Conservation Radiator Equipment Plant | Former Yuquan Prison and Songhuajiang Prison merged to form the new Yuquan Prison | ||||
Laogai, the abbreviation for Láodòng Gǎizào, which means "reform through labor", is a slogan of the Chinese criminal justice system and has been used to refer to the use of penal labour and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Láogǎi is different from láojiào, or re-education through labor, which was an administrative detention system for people who were not criminals but had committed minor offenses, and was intended to "reform offenders into law-abiding citizens". Persons detained under laojiao were detained in facilities that were separate from the general prison system of laogai. Both systems, however, involved penal labor.
Re-education through labor, abbreviated laojiao was a system of administrative detention in Mainland China. The system was active from 1957 to 2013, and was used to detain persons accused of minor crimes such as petty theft, prostitution, and trafficking illegal drugs, as well as political dissidents, petitioners, and Falun Gong adherents. It was separate from the much larger laogai system of prison labor camps.
Harry Wu was a Chinese-American human rights activist. Wu spent 19 years in Chinese labor camps, and he became a resident and citizen of the United States. In 1992, he founded the Laogai Research Foundation.
Lianping Prison is a prison in Guangdong province, China, situated in Zhongxin town, Lianping County. It was established as Huiyang Region Liantang Laogai Farm in 1972. It is a large-scale prison where prisoners work in the nearby Lianping Prison Tea Manufacturing Plant (连平监狱制茶厂).
The Laogai Research Foundation is a human rights NGO located in Washington, D.C, United States. The foundation's mission is to "gather information on and raise public awareness of the Laogai—China's extensive system of forced-labor prison camps."
The Laogai Museum is a museum in Dupont Circle, Washington, D.C., United States, which showcases human rights in the People's Republic of China, focusing particularly on the Láogǎi, the Chinese prison system of "Reform through Labor". The creation of the museum was spearheaded by Harry Wu, a well-known Chinese dissident who himself served 19 years in laogai prisons; it was supported by the Yahoo! Human Rights Fund. It opened to the public on 12 November 2008, and Wu's non-profit research organization calls it the first museum in the United States to directly address the issue of human rights in China.