List of shoals and sandbanks in the southern North Sea

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Shoals and sandbanks are characteristic underwater seabed features of the southern North Sea and the eastern English Channel. The relatively shallow water depth allows tidal currents to transport, configure and alter seabed materials, such as sand, shells, clay, and gravel, into elongated banks or shoals of shallow water.

Contents

Sandbanks and shoals

Banks and shoals in the southern North Sea off the coast of Suffolk and Norfolk. Location of Broken Bank and Swarte Bank in the southern North Sea Schratzberger Larcombe pone.0109445.g001.png
Banks and shoals in the southern North Sea off the coast of Suffolk and Norfolk.

Formation

In the southern North Sea the Spring Tide range is in excess of 7 metres. [1] The large tidal amplitude produces tidal currents of 1.5 metres per second (m/s) on the flood tide, and 1.35 m/s during the ebb tide. Water flows parallel to the shore and this is reflected in the orientation of sandbanks. Typically, sandbanks of the English Channel and southern North Sea rise 10 to 25 m above the sea floor and are 10 to 30 km long and 1 to 3 km wide. [2] [1] [3] The volume of material in some of the banks has been estimated at between 70 and 1100 Million m3. [4]

Cardinal marks Cardinal mark diagram.svg
Cardinal marks

Strong eddies and rip tides occur in the vicinity of many shoals, and the sea can break heavily over shoals especially when the wind is against the tidal current. [5] Sandbanks and shoals are often marked by buoys. There are usually north and south marks, and on large shoals, east and west marks. [6] [7] [8]

Extent

The table below is a list of the named sandbanks and shoals of the southern North Sea, the Dover Strait (Pas-de-Calais) and the eastern English Channel (La Manche). [9] [10] [11] The geographical extent is eastwards from a line (00°14'E) extending south from Beachy Head England to Étretat France in the English Channel, through the Straits of Dover, then north through the southern North Sea to a line extending east from Berwick-upon-Tweed England (55°50’N) to Ringkobing Fjord Denmark. [6] [7] [8] [12] [13] [14]

This area includes the shipping forecast areas of Wight (part); Dover; Thames; Tyne; Humber; Dogger and German Bight (part). [15] It includes the territorial waters and exclusive economic zones of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

The Thames Estuary is defined as from the Nore Sand eastwards to a line from North Foreland to Harwich. [6]

The Humber is defined as west of the Outer Sea Reach buoy 00° 06’E. [8]

Abbreviations

SNS – Southern North Sea; S-N – South to North; E-W – East to West; SW-NE – South-West to North-East; SE-NW – South-East to North-West.

List

A tabulated list of shoals and sandbanks in the southern North Sea, Dover Strait and English Channel. [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [14] [15]

Shoals and sandbanks of the southern North Sea, Dover Strait and the eastern English Channel
NameCountryLocationCoordinates at centre of bank or shoalOrientationLength, kmWidth, kmRemarks
AkkaertbankBelgiumSNS51°23’N 02°49’ESW-NE7.40.5
Aldeburgh NapesUKSNS52°09’N 01°43’ES-N101
Aldeburgh RidgeUKSNS52°08’N 01°37’ES-N71
Anrum BankGermanySNS54°38’N 08°00’ES-N23.4
Banc BreedtFranceSNS51°07’N 02°22ESW-NE242
Banc de SnouwFranceSNS51°04’N 02°15’EE-W7.51
Barmade BankUKSNS55°00’N 00°00’---
BarrowUKThames Estuary51°37’N 01°10’ESW-NE5.53.5The adjacent Barrow Deep used for dumping sewage sludge 1889-1998
Bassurelle BankUK & FranceDover Strait50°38’N 01°05’ESW-NE152.5
Bassurelle de la SommeFranceEnglish Channel50°12’N 01°22’ESW-NE5.20.6
Bassure de BaasFranceEnglish Channel50°27'N 01°20'E56
BatturFranceEnglish Channel50°22'N 01°18'E14
Bawdsey BankUKSNS51°59’N 01°33’ES-N12.51.5
Bergues BankFrance & BelgiumSNS51°15’N 02°18’ESW-NE112
Blakeney OverfallsUKSNS53°01’N 01°11’EE-W4.01.0
Bligh BankBelgiumSNS51°33’N 02°35’ESW-NE5.50.5
Boulder BanksUKEnglish Channel50°52’N 00°47’E-0.60.6
Boulders BankUKSNS54°25’N 01°35’E---Dogger Bank
Broad Fourteens NetherlandsSNS53°00’N 00°03’ES-NNamed from depth of 14 fathoms
Broadstairs KnollUKSNS51°21’N 01°29’E-5.55.5
Broken BankUKSNS53°19’N 02°12’ESE-NW351Volume of bank: 360 Million m3
Brown Bank, Brown Ridge [16] UK & NetherlandsSNS52°40’N 03°15’ES-N302Bruine Bank
Bruceys GardenUKSNS54°50’N 00°50’E---
Bullock BankFranceEnglish Channel50°44'N 01°05''E11
Burcom SandUKHumber53°35’N 00°04’WSE-NW2.51
Buiten RatelBelgiumSNS51°15’N 02°31’ESW-NE14.82
Bull SandUKHumber53°33’N 00°05’ESE-NW4.01.5
Buxey SandUKSNS51°41’N 01°27’ESW-NE94
Chequer ShoalUKHumber53°33’N 00°10’EE-W3.52
Cleaver Bank NetherlandsSNS54°10'N 03°08'EKlaverbank
Coal PitUKSNS53°29’N 01°46’E
Cork SandUKSNS51°53’N 01°24’ES-N84.5
Corton SandsUKSNS52°35’N 01°47’ES-NPosition and depth changes
Cromer Knoll UKSNS53°18’N 01°18’ES-N51
Cutler ShoalUKSNS51°59’N 01°27’ESW-NE2.50.5
Docking ShoalUKSNS53°10’N 01°45’E-13.513.5
Dogger Bank UKSNS54°43’N 02°46’E-260100Windfarm
Dogger BightUKSNS54°19’N 01°50’E---Dogger Bank
Dogger North ShoalUKSNS54°55’N 01°35’E-17.121.6Dogger Bank
Dogger Tail EndGermany & NetherlandsSNS55°29’N 04°00’E---
DrillstoneUKSNS51°26’N 01°41’E
Dudgeon ShoalUKSNS53°17’N 00°56’ESE-NW9.757.5Windfarm
Dunwich BankUKSNS52°14’N 01°40’ES-N31
Dyck CentralFranceSNS51°07’N 02°12’ESW-NE81.5
Dyck OccidentalFranceSNS51°05’N 02°00SW-NE18.52
Dyck OrientalFranceSNS51°13’N 02°23’ESW-NE132
East BarrowUKThames Estuary51°35’N 01°10’ESW-NE93.5
East SpaniardUKThames Estuary51°25’N 01°01’EE-W
Eastermost ShoalUKSNS54°40’N 02°30’E-5440.5Dogger Bank
Engelsmanplaat NetherlandsSNS53°27'N 06°03'E
Fairy BankFranceSNS51°23’N 02°20’ESW-NE5.50.5
Fisher Bank DenmarkSNS
Flemish BanksBelgiumSNS51°17'N 02°38E
Foulness SandUKSNS51°37’N 01°02’ESW-NE114.5Extends from shore
Four Fathoms Sand RidgeUKEnglish Channel50°48’N 00°39’ESW-NE5.40.6
GalloperUKSNS51°46’N 01°57’ES-N5.51Windfarm
GirdlerUKThames Estuary51°30’N 01°08’EE-W31
Goodwin SandsUKSNS51°16’N 01°21’ESW-NW22
Grandes ÉcamiasFranceEnglish Channel50°59’N 00°54’EE-W50.6
Großer Knechtsand GermanySNS53°50'N 08°21'E
Gunfleet SandUKThames Estuary51°45’N 01°15’ESW-NE233Abandoned lighthouse; Windfarm
Haddock BankUKSNS53°19’N 01°31’ESE-NW
Haile SandUKHumber53°32’N 00°13’E-
Haisborough Sand UKSNS52°54’N 01°42’ESE-NW162Volume of bank: 530 Million m3
Hammond Knoll UKSNS52°52’N 01°55’ESE-NW9.7Volume of bank: 99 Million m3
Hastings ShoalsUKEnglish Channel50°49’N 00°34’ESW-NE
Hearty KnollUKSNS52°46’N 02°10’ESE-NWVolume of bank: 120 Million m3
HelgolandGermanySNS54°12’N 07°55’E-99
Hessle SandUKHumber53°43’N 01°25’WE-W21
Hewett RidgeUKSNS52°52’N 02°00’ESE-NW284Gas field.

Volume of bank: 190 Million m3

Holm SandUKSNS52°29’N 01°47’ES-N111.5
Horse of WillingdonUKEnglish Channel50°45’N 01°02’EE-W31
Hull MiddleUKHumber53°42’N 00°22’WE-W3.51
Indefatigable Bank 1, 2 & 3UKSNS53°30’N 02°23’ESE-NW4Gas field.

Volume of bank: 85 Million m3 (1), 69 Million m3 (2), 310 Million m3 (3)

Inner BankUKSNS53°12’N 02°01’ESE-NW181Volume of bank: 110 Million m3
Inner BankUKSNS54°20’N 00°30’E---Dogger Bank
Inner Dowsing UKSNS53°19’N 00°35’ES-N7.53Windfarm
Inner GabbardUKSNS51°55’N 01°54’ES-N161.5Windfarm
Inner Silver PitUKSNS53°32′N 00°47′E
In RatelFranceSNS51°07’N 02°16’ESW-NE6.51
In RuytingenFranceSNS51°13’N 02°17’ESW-NE125.5
Jim Howe BankUKSNS52°57’N 02°25’ESE-NW
Kachelotplate GermanySNS53°39'N 06°49'E
Kentish Knock UKSNS51°37’N 01°38’ES-N13.52.5
Knock JohnUKThames Estuary51°34’N 01°04’ESW-NE31 Maunsell fort
Kobbergrund DenmarkSNS57°12'N 11°15'E
Koresand DenmarkSNS55°15'N 08°29'E
KwintebankBelgiumSNS51°15’N 02°38’ESW-NE112
Le ColbartFranceDover Strait50°53’N 01°20’ESW-NE161Also called The Ridge
Leman BankUKSNS53°08’N 01°55’ESE-NW4211Gas field.

Volume of bank: 840 Million m3

Les RidensFranceDover Strait50°45'N 01°18'ESeveral shoals
Long SandUKThames Estuary51°37’N 01°30’ESW-NE337.5
Maplin SandUKThames Estuary51°33'N 00°47’ESW-NE236.1Extends from coast
Maplin SpitUKThames Estuary51°36’N 01°06’ESW-NE4.51
Margate SandUKThames Estuary51°26’N 01°20’EE-W92
MiddelbankNetherlandsSNS51°40’N 03°22’ESW-NE14.80.5
Middelkerke BankBelgiumSNS51°15’N 02°43’ESW-NE132.5
Middle Cross SandUKSNS52°39’N 01°52’ES-N31
Middle SandUKThames Estuary51°27’N 01°02’ESW-NE61.5
Middle ShoalUKHumber53°37’N 00°02’WSE-NW4.01
MouseUKThames Estuary51°32’N 01°04’ESW-NE4.50.5
Newarp BanksUKSNS52°42’N 02°00’ES-N8.52
Noordhinder Bank BelgiumSNS51°39′N 02°41′ES-N111
Nieuwpoort BankBelgiumSNS51°13’N 02°41’ESW-NE9.251
Nore Sand UKThames Estuary51°29’N 00°46’EE-W61
North Cross SandUKSNS52°45’N 01°52’ES-N71
North FallsUKSNS51°40’N 01°57’ES-N111
OazeUKThames Estuary51°30’N 01°00’ESW-NE5.51
Oost DyckBelgiumSNS51°18’N 02°29’ESW-NE14.81.5
Oostende BankBelgiumSNS51°16’N 02°48’ESW-NE152
OosthinderBelgiumSNS51°32’N 02°38’ESW-NE16.61.5
Out RuytingenFranceDover Strait51°14’N 02°17°ESW-NE332
Outer BankUKSNS54°30’N 01°05’E---Dogger Bank
Outer Dowsing UKSNS53°25’N 01°08’ESE-NW19.51Windfarm
Outer GabbardUKSNS51°58’N 02°03’ES-N52Windfarm
Outer Silver PitUKSNS54°00′N 02°00′E
Ower BankUKSNS53°14’N 01°52’ESE-NW451Volume of bank: 730 Million m3
Paardenmarkt BelgianSNS51°21'N 03°17'E
Pan SandUKThames Estuary51°28’N 01°10’EE-W3.51
RaanNetherlandsSNS51°27’N 03°20’E-226
Race BankUKSNS53°12’N 00°51’ESE-NW21.05.5Windfarm
Red SandUKThames Estuary51°28’N 01°00’EE-W20.5 Maunsell fort
Petits ÉcamiasFranceEnglish Channel50°01’N 00°53’EE-W5.21.5
Richel NetherlandsSNS53°17N 05°08'E
QuemerFranceEnglish Channel50°15’N 01°18’E-10-
Ridins de DieppeFranceEnglish Channel50°06’N 01°08’E-10.410.4
Ridins de TréportFranceEnglish Channel50°05’N 01°16’E-50.6
Rosse SpitUKHumber53°30’N 00°15’ESW-NE4.52
Rough ShoalsUKSNS51°54’N 01°30’ES-N108 HM Fort Roughs
Royal Sovereign Shoals UKEnglish Channel50°45’N 00°26’ES-N41
Sandettie Bank France & UKDover Strait51°09′N 01°47′ESW-NE275
SchouwenbankNetherlandsSNS51°48′N 03°25′ESW-NE18.51
Scroby Sands UKSNS52°38’N 01°47’ES-N142Windfarm
Sheringham ShoalUKSNS53°03’N 01°10’EE-W101.0
ShinglesUKThames Estuary51°31’N 01°13’EE-W6.55.0
ShipwashUKSNS51°58’N 01°37’ES-N182
Shivering SandUKThames Estuary51°30’N 01°24’ESW-NE3.50.5 Maunsell fort
Simonszand NetherlandsSNS53°31'N 06°24E
Sizewell BankUKSNS52°10’N 01°40’ES-N41
Smal BankFrance & BelgiumSNS51°06’N 02°30’ESW-NE262
Smiths KnollUKSNS52°52’N 02°13’ES-N281Volume of bank: 390 Million m3
Sole Pit HighUKSNS53°35’N 01°23’ESW-NE71
South Cross SandUKSNS52°34’N 01°51’ES-N91
South Dogger GroundUKSNS54°18’N 02°25’E---Dogger Bank
South FallsUKSNS51°21’N 01°47’ES-N28
South ShoalUKHumber53°36’N 00°00’SE-NW3.51
SpaniardUKThames Estuary51°27’N 01°03’EE-W10.5
SouthWest PatchUKSNS54°35’N 02°05’E-67.522.5Dogger Bank
SpileUKThames Estuary51°07’N 00°57’EE-W20.5
SteenbankenNetherlandsSNS51°41’N 02°25’ESW-NE110.5
Stephensons ShoalUKEnglish Channel50°53’N 00°54’EE-W5-
StroombancBelgiumSNS51°13’N 02°48’ESW-NE132
Sunk SandUKThames Estuary51°39’N 01°15’ESW-NE243 Maunsell fort (ruin)
Swarte BankUKSNS51°24’N 02°13’ESE-NW411Volume of bank: 440 Million m3
Sylt Outer ReefGermanySNS55°06’N 07°35’E---
Terschellinger BankNetherlandsSNS53°32’N 05°08’ESE-NW--
Tertius (sandbank) GermanySNS54°08'N 08°42E
The HillsUKSNS54°21’N 00°60’E---
Thornton Ridge or BankBelgiumSNS51°34’N 03°00’ESW-NE61Windfarm
Tizard BankUKThames Estuary51°33’N 01°12’EE-W2.50.5
Tongue SandUKThames Estuary51°31’N 01°13’EE-W7.51.5 Maunsell fort (ruin)
Triton KnollUKSNS53°23’N 01°00’ESE-NW25.5Windfarm
Varne BankUKDover Strait51°00’N 01°23’ESW-NE9.31
Vergoyer BanksFranceEnglish Channel50°33'N 01°15'E24
Weiss BankGermanySNS55°00’N 06°00’E---
Well BankUKSNS53°14’N 02°11’ESE-NW572Volume of bank: 1100 Million m3
West BarrowUKThames Estuary51°35’N 01°56’ESW-NE131.8
West DyckFranceDover Strait51°03’N 01°51’E
WesthinderBelgiumSNS51°28’N 02°31’ESW-NE222
Whitaker SpitUKThames Estuary51°40’N 01°07’ESW-NE61
Winterton RidgeUKSNS52°50’N 02°02’ESE-NW80.5Volume of bank: 105 Million m3

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 Hequette, Arnaud (June 2013). "The influence of nearshore sand banks on coastal hydrodynamics and sediment transport, Northern Coast of France". Coastal Dynamics Conference Paper.
  2. ↑ Albers, AE (March 2022). "On the distribution of sand banks in the southwestern North Sea and an approach of predicting them". Marine Geology. 445. Bibcode:2022MGeol.44506733A. doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2022.106733.
  3. ↑ Schratzberger, Michaela; Larcombe, Piers (October 2014). "The Role of the Sedimentary Regime in Shaping the Distribution of Subtidal Sandbank Environments and the Associated Meiofaunal Nematode Communities: An Example from the Southern North Sea". PLOS ONE. 9 (10): e109445. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9j9445S. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109445 . PMC   4190271 . PMID   25296029.
  4. ↑ Cooper, W. S.; Townend (2008). A synesis of current knowledge on the Genesis of the Great Yarmouth and Norfolk Bank Systems. The Crown Estate. p. 14. ISBN   9780955342783.
  5. ↑ "Sea-seek" . Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson (1989). Imray Yachting Chart C1: Thames Estuary: Tilbury to North Foreland and Orfordness. St Ives Cambs.: Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson.
  7. 1 2 3 Admiralty (1997). England East Coast Flamborough Head to Blakeney Point, Admiralty Chart 1190. Admiralty.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Imray Chart C29: England – East Coast: Harwich to Whitby. St Ives: Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson. 2022. ISBN   9781786793874.
  9. 1 2 "Sandbanks of the Southern North Sea" . Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  10. 1 2 "1110 Sandbanks which are slightly covered by sea water all the time" . Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  11. 1 2 "Shoal(s) in United Kingdom" . Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  12. ↑ Imray Chart C30: Harwich to Hoek van Holland and Dover Strait. St Ives: Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson. 2022. ISBN   9781786793645.
  13. ↑ "Coastview - what happens offshore?" . Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  14. 1 2 Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson (2024). Eastern English Channel C12. Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson Ltd. ISBN   9781786794628.
  15. 1 2 Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson (2023). Southern North Sea Passage Chart C70. Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson Ltd. ISBN   9781786792495.
  16. ↑ https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/6a27a12b266c4d19b9a3a6dd4b31939f
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