List of shorthand systems

This is a list of shorthands, both modern and ancient. Currently, only one shorthand (Duployan) has been given an ISO code, in preparation for inclusion in the Unicode Standard, although the Tironian et has already been included in Unicode.

Script name	ISO 15924	Year created	Creator	Primary languages	Notes
Abbreviated Longhand [1]		1908	Angus Weaver	English	Short forms based around longhand writing.
Abbreviatrix		1945	William Paul Mishkin
Aimé Paris Shorthand [2]		1820	Aimé Paris	French
Alpha Hand [3]
AgiliWriting [4]
Bezenšek Shorthand [5]		1923	Anton Bezenšek	Bulgarian
Boyd's Syllabic Shorthand [6]		1903	Robert Boyd	English
Brachygraphie (Folkingham) [7]		1622	William Folkingham	English
Brachygraphy (Bales) [8]		1590	Peter Bales	English
Brachygraphy (Dix) [9]		1641	Henry Dix	English
Brachygraphy (Shelton) [10]		1672	Samuel Shelton	English	Based on Thomas Shelton's Tachygraphy from whom he first learned shorthand.
Burmese Shorthand		1952	Zwe Ohn Chein	Burmese
Burnz' Fonic Shorthand		1896	Eliza Boardman Burnz	English
Carissimi Shorthand [11]		1940	Juan Antonio Carissimi	Spanish
Caton Scientific Shorthand [12] [13]			Thomas Jasper Caton
Century 21 Shorthand [14]
Characterie [15]		1588	Timothy Bright	English
Conen de Prépean Shorthand [16]		1813	Louis Félix Conen de Prépean	French
Coulon de Thévenot Shorthand [17]		1776	Jean Coulon de Thévenot	French
Current Shorthand [18]		1892	Henry Sweet	English
Cursive Shorthand [19]		1889	Hugh Longbourne Callendar	English
Dacomb Shorthand [20]		1934	Beatrice Eliza Dacomb	English
Dement's Aristography [21]		1896	Isaac Strange Dement
Deutsche Einheitskurzschrift [22]		1924		German	Used in Germany.
Duployé Shorthand [23]	Dupl 755	1868	Émile Duployé	French, Romanian, English, Chinook Jargon
Dutton Speedwords [24]		1922	Reginald J. G. Dutton	English, French, German, Latin	Intended as an International auxiliary language
EasyScript Speed Writing [25]
Eclectic Shorthand [26]		1878	J.G. Cross	English
Edmond Willis's Shorthand [27]		1627	Edmond Willis	English
Faulmann Shorthand [28]		1875	Carl Faulmann	German
Forkner shorthand [29]		1952	Hamden L. Forkner	English
Gabelsberger shorthand [30]		1817 (approx.)	Franz Xaver Gabelsberger	German
Graham shorthand [31]
Gregg Shorthand [32]		1888	John Robert Gregg	English, Esperanto, French, German, Italian, Mandarin Chinese, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish
Gregg Computer Shorthand / Productivity Plus [33]
Groote [34]		1899	Arnold Willem Groote	Dutch	Used in the Netherlands
Herout-Mikulík [35]			Alois Herout and Svojmír Mikulík	Czech	Used in the Czech parliament.
Hy-Speed Longhand [36]		1932	Andrew Graham Sexton and R. B. Sexton	English
Larralde Shorthand [37]			Gabriel Hilario Larralde	Spanish	Used in the Argentine congress.
Legible Shorthand [38]		1882	Edward Pocknell	English
Leite Alves Shorthand [39]		1929	Oscar Leite Alves	Portuguese
Lightning Legible Shorthand [40]		1906	David Rose Glass	English
Malone Shorthand [41]
Maron Shorthand [39]		1932	Afonso Maron	Portuguese
Melin Shorthand [42]		1880	Olof Werling Melin	Swedish	Dominant Shorthand system in Sweden.
Merrill Shorthand [43] [44]		1942	Albert Merrill	English	Also called ABC shorthand.
Michela Shorthand [45]		1862	Antonio Michela Zucco	Italian	Used in the Italian Senate and the Regional Council of Piedmont.
Moat's Short-hand Standard [46]		1833	Thomas Moat	English
Munson Shorthand [47]		1867	James Eugene Munson	English
National Simplex Shorthand [48]		1919	Rev. Percival Hubert Chase
Natural Shorthand [49]		1917	August Mengelkamp	English
New Art of Real Shorthand [50]		1919	John Malham-Dembleby
New Rapid [51]		1890	C.E. McKee
Notescript [52]		1964	Laurence F. Hawkins	English
Paragon Shorthand [53]		1895	A. Lichtentag
Personal Shorthand [54]			Carl W. Salser, C. Theo Yerian and Mark R. Salser	English	Originally called "Briefhand."
Pitman Shorthand [55]		1837	Isaac Pitman	English
Polygraphy [56]		1747	Aulay Macaulay	English
Prévost-Delaunay Shorthand [57]		1878	Hippolyte Prévost and Albert Delaunay	French
Reformed Phonetic Short-Hand [58]		1868	Andrew J. Marsh	English
Scheithauer Shorthand		1896	Karl Friedrich Scheithauer	German	Used in Germany.
Scheithauer/Steinmetz Shorthand [59]		2020	Markus Steinmetz	German	Used in Germany.
Short-Writing [60]		1690	Theophilus Metcalfe	English
Simson Shorthand [61]		1881	James Simson	English
Speedwriting [62]		1924	Emma Dearborn	English
State Unified Stenography System (GESS) [63]		1937	Nikolai Nikolaevich Sokolov	Russian	Used in the Soviet Union; also adapted for English, French, and some of the languages of the Soviet Union.
Stenographie [64]		1618	John Willis	English
Stenography Compleated [65]		1727	James Weston	English
Stenoscript		1950	Manuel C. Avancena	English
Stiefografie [66]		1966	Helmut Stief	German	Used in Germany.
SuperWrite [67]
Tachygraphy [68]		1626	Thomas Shelton	English, French, German	Originally called "Short-Writing."
Taylor shorthand [69]		1786	Samuel Taylor	English	Also known as Universal Stenography
Teeline Shorthand [70]		1968	James Hill	English
Thomas Natural Shorthand [71]		1935	Charles A. Thomas	English
Tironian notes [72]		63 BC	Marcus Tullius Tiro	Latin
Typed Shorthand [73]		1917	William Baines	English	Also known as Baines' Typed Shorthand.
Universal English Shorthand [74]		about 1740	John Byrom	English
Wang-Krogdahl's system [75]		1936	Leif Wang and Olav Krogdahl	Norwegian	Used in the Norwegian parliament.
Weston's Short-hand [76]		1727	James Weston	English
Zeiglographia		1650	Thomas Shelton	English
Phillips Code [77]		1879	Walter P. Phillips	English	Intended for English transmitted over Telegraph in Morse code.
Evans Basic English Code [78]		1947	John Evans	English	Based on the earlier Phillips Code but for more general use.

References

1. Weaver, Angus (1908). Abbreviated Shorthand. Internet Archive: Angus Weaver, Buffalo, New York.
2. Burckhardt, A. (1948), La Sténographie en une Heure par la Méthode Aimé-Paris modernisée (in French), Paris: Flammarion
3. Rosen, Steve; Palmer, Rose (1980), Alpha hand, Dictation Disc Co, OCLC   6862153
4. Gresham, Anne (2001), AgiliWriting : 21st century shorthand, AgiliTyping, ISBN   978-1-872968-02-5, OCLC   48487021
5. Bezenšek, Anton; Gabelsberger, Franz Xaver; International Association of Stenographers (1907), Stammbuch des Gabelsbergerschen Systems. Bezenšek, Übertragung auf die südslavischen Sprachen (in German), Wolfenbüttel, Heckner, OCLC   36477209
6. Boyd, Robert (1903), Boyd's syllabic shorthand : an instructor and dictionary : a system of shorthand in which characters represent syllables, W.T. Moon, OCLC   36932375
7. Folkingham, William (1622), Brachygraphie, Post-Writt. : Or, the Art of Short-writing Where most letters consist of single strokes or motions of the Pen, in best formes of Penship, London: Thomas Snodham
8. Bales, Peter (1590), The Writing Schoolemaster, London: Thomas Orwin
9. Dix, Henry (1641), The Art of Brachygraphy or Short-writing: by characters faire, short, swift, easie, and legible., London: Henry Dix
10. Henderson, Frances (2008). "'Swifte and Secrete Writing' in Seventeenth-Century England, and Samuel Shelton's Brachygraphy" (PDF). The British Library. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
11. Carissimi, Juan Antonio (1940), Taquigrafía Carissimi, Biblioteca Nacional (Uruguay)
12. Caton, Thomas Jasper (1918), Caton scientific shorthand, Minneapolis, Minn., The Scientific Pub. Co., OCLC   11954097
13. "Thomas Jasper Caton Scientific Shorthand 1915 edition". babel.hathitrust.org. Retrieved 2015-01-30.
14. Christensen, Edward L (1974), Century 21 shorthand, Cincinnati, South-western Pub. Co, ISBN   978-0-538-18100-6, OCLC   858136
15. Bright, Timothy (1588), Characterie : an arte of shorte, swifte, and secrete writing by character, London: I. Windet
16. Havette, René (1906). Bibliographie de la sténographie française (in French). Paris: Dorbon Ainé. pp. 31–32.
17. Metilli, Danielle. "French Tachygraphic Notes in a 1504 copy of Homer's Odyssey" (PDF). metilli.com. Retrieved 2021-05-11.
18. Sweet, Henry (1892), A manual of current shorthand orthographic and phonetic by Henry Sweet, Clarendon, OCLC   250138117
19. Callendar, Hugh (1889), A manual of cursive shorthand, C. J. Clay and Sons, OCLC   647172293
20. Joy, J.; Dacomb, B. E.; Dacomb, C. T. (1962), Dacomb, the Australian shorthand, Dacomb College, OCLC   220975936
21. Dement, Isaac Strange (1906). Aristography (2nd ed.). Dement Publishing Company. A system of shorthand writing combining the principles of straight joinable and insertable vowel strokes and curved consanant strokes, both being subject to similar rules of hooks and length
22. Czerny, Karl (1925), Umlernbuch auf die deutsche Einheitskurzschrift : Für Gabelsbergersche Stenographen (in German), Eigenverl, OCLC   72106122
23. Perrault, Denis R; Duploye, Emile; Gueguen, Jean Pierre; Pilling, James Constantine, La sténographie Duployé adaptée aux langues des sauvages de la Baie d'Hudson, des Postes Moose Factory, de New Post, d'Albany, de Waswanipi & de Mékiskan, Amérique du Nord / [between 1889 and 1895] (in French), OCLC   35787900
24. Dutton Speedwords dictionary: English-Speedwords and Speedwords-English, Dutton Publications, 1943, OCLC   36561079
25. Levin, Linda (1985), Easy Script simplified, Write Protect Pub, OCLC   17474827
26. Cross, J G (1879), Cross's eclectic short-hand: a new system, adapted both to general use and to verbatim reporting, Chicago, S.C. Griggs and Co. [1878], OCLC   2510784
27. Willis, Edmond (1627), An Abbreviation of Writing by Character, London: George Puslowe
28. Johnen, Christian (1904), Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 48, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 500–504
29. Forkner, Hamden Landon (1955), Forkner alphabet shorthand; the only system of shorthand that combinesthe best features of symbols systems with easily written longhand letters, New York, Forkner Pub. Co, OCLC   58756777
30. Geiger, Alfred (1860), Stenography, or, Universal European shorthand on Gabelsberger's principles : as already introduced in Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Russia, Greece, Italy &c, Dresden, OCLC   41010411
31. Jackson, James O. (1974-01-21). "Presidential papers snarl began in 1797". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. Even so,scholars were troubled by some of the [President Woodrow] Wilson documents because of his habit of writing in Graham shorthand, an extinct system so little known as to be hieroglyphic today. Scholars examing Wilson papers in 1959 employed an 84-year-old man to decipher some of Wilson's notes. The old man was one of the few living persons who were familiar with the obsolete Graham system.
32. Gregg, John Robert; Power, Pearl A (1901), Gregg shorthand dictionary, Gregg Pub. Co, OCLC   23108068
33. Gregg computer shorthand for nonshorthand writers, New York: Gregg Division/McGraw-Hill Book Co, 1987, ISBN   978-0-07-022525-1, OCLC   17358410
34. Groote, A W (1899), Stenografie voor iedereen; een alfabetisch kortschrift (in Dutch), Amsterdam, S.L. van Looy, OCLC   38743867
35. Mistrík, Jozef (1961), Stenografia : systém Herout-Mikulík : učebnica pre ekonomické školy a pre kurzy. 2 (in Czech), Bratislava, OCLC   320136077
36. Sexton, Andrew Graham (1932). Hy-Speed Longhand. Trenton, New Jersey: Hy-Speed Longhand Publishing Company.
37. "16 de Diciembre de 1824: Primer versión taquigráfica en Argentina". chacoenlineainforma.com (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2021-05-10. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
38. Pocknell, Edward (1882). "Pocknell's Legible Shorthand". Google Books. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
39. "Veja técnicas de taquigrafia para melhorar suas anotações". grupopreve.com.br (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2021-05-11.
40. Glass, David Rose] [from old catalog (1909). The lightning legible shorthand. The Library of Congress. San Bernardino, Cal., The Glass publishing company.
41. Script phonography, 4th edition, Script Phonography Co., Limited, 1888, OCLC   493051954
42. Kökeritz, Helge (1929), Stenografi; Melins system (in Swedish), Hermods korrespondensinstitut, OCLC   19770187
43. Principles of ABC shorthand, Landmark edition ; series II, Bobbs-Merrill, 1975, ISBN   978-0-672-26132-9, OCLC   16458026
44. Merrill, Albert H (1929), Merrill's business shorthand copyrighted, Los Angeles, A.H. Merrill, OCLC   28009717
45. "Il Sistema Michela in Senato e a Torino". cr.piemonte.it (in Italian). Retrieved 2021-05-14.
46. Moat, Thomas (1833), The Short-Hand Standard : attempted by an analysis of the Circle as an introductory foundation of a New System of Stenography, which demonstratively proves that a Speaker can be followed with one third less inflections of the Pen, and consequently in one third less time than by any other system extant., London: T. Tegg and Sons
47. Munson, James Eugene (1880), Munson's system of phonography. The phrase-book of practical phonography, containing a list of useful phrases, printed in phonographic outlines; a complete and thorough treatise on the art of phraseography ... etc, New York, J.E. Munson, OCLC   51625624
48. Chase, Percival Herbert (1919), The national simplex shorthand, Lincoln, Eng., Lincolnshire Chronicle, OCLC   45029671
49. Mengelkamp, August (1917), The Manual of Natural Shorthand Designed for Class or Self-Instruction - Fifth Improved Edition, Remsen, Iowa, USA, OCLC   262463989
50. Malham-Dembleby, John (1919), New art of real shorthand, Eccleshill, Bradford, Eng, OCLC   7807489
51. McKee, C E (1890), New rapid phonography : a complete connective-vowel system of short-hand, McKee Pub. House, OCLC   31366224
52. Hawkins, Laurence F (1964), Notescript : a system of alphabetical shorthand especially designed for students, teachers, writers, and other notetakers, New York: Barnes & Noble
53. Lichtentag, A (1895), Lichtentag's paragon shorthand, Lichtentag, OCLC   1968213
54. Salser, Carl Walter; Yerian, C Theo (1968), Personal shorthand, National Book Co, OCLC   11720787
55. Pitman, Isaac (1937), Pitman shorthand, Toronto, OCLC   35119343
56. Macaulay, Aulay (1747), Polygraphy: or, Shorthand made easy to the meanest capacity (2 ed.), Printed for the author
57. Delaunay, Albert (1878), Cours de sténographie (Méthode Prévost-Delaunay), Picard
58. Marsh, Andrew J; Twain, Mark (1868), Marsh's manual of reformed phonetic short-hand: being a complete guide to the best system of phonography and verbatim reporting, San Francisco, H. H. Bancroft & Company, OCLC   6193473
59. Scheithauer, Markus (2020), Schreib Steno! System Scheithauer/Steinmetz (in German), Köln 2022, 2nd edition, ISBN   978-3-00-062289-2
60. Metcalfe, Theophilus (1690), Short-Writing: The most easie, exact, lineal, and speedy method that hath ever been obtained, or taught., London: J. Hancock
61. Simson, James (1881), Compend of syllabic shorthand: being a synopsis of the system, Ayr, Shorthand Institute, OCLC   45009130
62. Dearborn, Emma B (1927), Speedwriting, the natural shorthand, Brief English systems, inc., OCLC   4791648
63. "СТЕНОГРАФИЯ И ЕЕ РЫЦАРЬ". Nauka i Zhizn (in Russian). Moscow. 2009. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
64. Willis, John (1618), The Art of Stenographie : or, short writing, London: Robert Willis
65. Weston, James, Stenograpy Compleated, Or the Art of Short-hand Brought to Perfection, London 1727, 1st edition
66. Gunkel, Horst (1977), Stiefografie. Anleitung zum Selbststudium (in German), Verlag der Vereinigung Rationelle Stenografie Hanau, ISBN   3-921697-60-3
67. Lemaster, A James; Hankin, Ellen G (1990), SuperWrite : alphabetic writing system. Brief course, South-Western Pub. Co, ISBN   978-0-538-60527-4, OCLC   22975956
68. Shelton, Thomas (1710). "Tachygraphy". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2017-05-04.
69. Taylor, Samuel (1786), An essay intended to establish a standard for an universal system of stenography, London, Printed for the author, hdl: 2027/mdp.39015077876194 , OCLC   13966685
70. Hill, James (1968), Teeline: a method of fast writing, London, Heinemann Educational, OCLC   112342
71. Thomas, Charles A (1937), Thomas natural shorthand; a modern, progressive system of shorthand based on natural, already familiar writing lines, New York, Prentice-Hall, inc, OCLC   18220117
72. Mitzschke, Paul Gottfried; Lipsius, Justus; Heffley, Norman P (1882), Biography of the father of stenography, Marcus Tullius Tiro. Together with the Latin letter, "De notis," concerning the origin of shorthand, Brooklyn, N.Y, OCLC   11943552
73. Baines, William (1917). Typed Shorthand. Cooperstown, New York: Arthur H. Christ Co.
74. "Ward's book of days: February 29th". wardsbookofdays.com. Retrieved 2015-10-07.
75. Wang, Leif; Flagstad, Michael; Krogdahl, Olav (1947), Stenografi, Norsk korrespondenceskole
76. Weston, James (1727), Stenography Compleated : or the art of Short-hand brought to perfection..., London: Printed by the author
77. Phillips, Walter (1879). The Phillips Telegraphic Code for the Rapid Transmission by Telegraph. Washington, D.C.: Gibson Brothers, Printers.
78. Evans, John (1947). The Evans Basic English Code (PDF). Chicago, IL: John & Clarence Evans.