| Lithodes panamensis | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Anomura |
| Family: | Lithodidae |
| Genus: | Lithodes |
| Species: | L. panamensis |
| Binomial name | |
| Lithodes panamensis | |
Lithodes panamensis is a species of king crab. [1] It is distributed along the Pacific coast of South America from Panama to northern Chile. [2]
King crabs are decapod crustaceans of the family Lithodidae that are chiefly found in deep waters and are adapted to cold environments. They are composed of two subfamilies: Lithodinae, which tend to inhabit deep waters, are globally distributed, and comprise the majority of the family's species diversity; and Hapalogastrinae, which are endemic to the North Pacific and inhabit exclusively shallow waters. King crabs superficially resemble true crabs but are generally understood to be closest to the pagurid hermit crabs. This placement of king crabs among the hermit crabs is supported by several anatomical peculiarities which are present only in king crabs and hermit crabs. Although some doubt still exists about this hypothesis, king crabs are the most widely quoted example of carcinisation among decapods. Several species of king crabs, especially in Alaskan and southern South American waters, are targeted by commercial fisheries and have been subject to overfishing.
Lithodes maja, the Norway king crab or northern stone crab, is a species of king crab which occurs in colder North Atlantic waters off Europe and North America. It is found along the entire coast of Norway, including Svalbard, ranging south into the North Sea and Kattegat, the northern half of the British Isles, and around the Faroe Islands, Iceland, and off south-eastern Greenland. In the West Atlantic, it ranges from the Davis Strait between Greenland and Canada south to The Carolinas in the United States.
Lithodes santolla, also known as the southern king crab, Chilean king crab or centolla, is a species of king crab, found off southern South America including the offshore Falkland Islands. On the Pacific side, it is found in Chile from Talcahuano to Cape Horn. On the Atlantic side, it is found off Argentina and Uruguay. It lives in the benthic zone at depths of 0–700 m (0–2,300 ft), with Uruguayan records being exclusively from great depths. In Chile, it mostly lives at depths to 150 m (490 ft), but south of 40° S it can be found to 600 m (2,000 ft). It is a large crab that can reach up to 19 cm (7.5 in) in carapace length, and it is the target of commercial fishing.
Placetron wosnessenskii, common name the scaled crab, is a species of king crab found in most waters off North America's west coast. It is the only species in the genus Placetron.
Lithodes is a genus of king crabs. Today there are about 30 recognized species, but others formerly included in this genus have been moved to Neolithodes and Paralomis. They are found in oceans around the world, ranging from shallow to deep waters, but mostly at depths of 100–1,000 m (300–3,300 ft). They are restricted to relatively cold waters, meaning that they only occur at high depths at low latitudes, but some species also shallower at high latitudes. They are medium to large crabs, and some species are or were targeted by fisheries.
Neolithodes is a genus of king crabs, in the family Lithodidae. They are found in all major oceans, both in high and low latitudes. Although there are records from water as shallow as 124 m (407 ft) in cold regions, most records are much deeper, typically 700–2,000 m (2,300–6,600 ft), with the deepest confirmed at 5,238 m (17,185 ft). They are fairly large to large crabs that typically are reddish in color and spiny, although the size of these spines varies depending on species.
Paralomis zealandica, also known as the prickly king crab, is a species of king crab which lives at a depth between 254–1,212 m (833–3,976 ft) in New Zealand. It has a spiky carapace.
Lithodes aequispinus, the golden king crab, also known as the brown king crab, is a king crab species native to the North Pacific. Golden king crabs are primarily found in the Aleutian Islands and waters nearer to Alaska and British Columbia; their range also extends to the Russian far east and Japan, albeit with a less dense population. Golden king crabs are the smallest of the three commercially viable Alaskan king crab species with an average weight between 5 and 8 lbs ; the other two species being the blue and red king crabs. Golden king crabs were historically caught incidentally in red king crab fisheries, but the first commercial landing took place in 1975; in 1981, the targeted pot-fishing method, a hybrid fishing method specifically for golden king crab, was developed.
Lithodes aotearoa is a New Zealand species of king crab. It had formerly been confused with L. longispina and L. murrayi, but neither of those species are found in New Zealand. It is the second most widespread and common lithodid in New Zealand waters after Neolithodes brodiei, and the New Zealand Department of Conservation classifies it as "Not Threatened".
Lithodes longispina is a species of king crab. It has been found in Japan and Taiwan. Before 2010, its reach was thought to be much greater than presently understood, such as Australia, New Zealand, and Guam. It has also allegedly been sighted in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.
Lithodes jessica is a species of king crab in the genus Lithodes. It is found off the coast of New Zealand on the Lord Howe Rise at depths from 680–1,100 m (2,230–3,610 ft).
Lithodes macquariae is a species of king crab located off Macquarie Island, the Auckland Islands, and Peter I Island. It has been found at depths of 16–1,140 m (52–3,740 ft).
Lithodes turkayi is a species of king crab. It has been found at depths of 70–1,696 m (230–5,564 ft) and lives in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Chile, the southern Atlantic Ocean near the Falkland Islands, and the Southern Ocean in the Bellingshausen Sea.
Lithodes confundens is a species of king crab. It is found on muddy bottoms off the southern coasts of South America from a depth of 0–283 m (0–928 ft).
Lithodes ferox, also known as the fierce king crab, is a species of king crab. It has been found on the muddy bottoms of the southeastern Atlantic Ocean at depths from 160–1,013 m (525–3,323 ft). It is distributed between the Gulf of Guinea, the northwesternmost coast of South Africa, and the island of Saint Helena.
Lithodes murrayi, also known as the subantarctic stone crab, is a species of king crab. It lives near islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean on muddy bottoms at depths of 35–1,015 m (115–3,330 ft).
Lithodes couesi, also known as the scarlet king crab, is a species of king crab. It is typically found in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, but in 2019, it was found in the Burdwood Bank around the Scotia Arc at a depth of 605 m (1,985 ft).
Lithodes chaddertoni is a species of king crab. It is found southwest of Australia either on the Naturaliste Plateau or the Broken Ridge, although precise distribution information is not presently known.
Lithodes rachelae is a species of king crab. It is distributed along the southern coast of Australia at depths of 930–1,500 m (3,050–4,920 ft), from the far southwest to the Great Australian Bight.
Lithodes richeri is a species of king crab. It has been found in Vanuatu, New Caledonia, and Australia.
Media related to Lithodes panamensis at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Lithodes panamensis at Wikispecies  | This Anomura article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
