Neolithodes diomedeae

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Neolithodes diomedeae
USNM Neolithodes diomedeae carapace.jpg
USNM Neolithodes diomedeae abdomen.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Infraorder: Anomura
Family: Lithodidae
Genus: Neolithodes
Species:
N. diomedeae
Binomial name
Neolithodes diomedeae
(Benedict, 1895) [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Lithodes diomedeae Benedict, 1895
  • Neolithodes martii Birstein & Vinogradov, 1972

Neolithodes diomedeae is a species of king crab which is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean, the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, and the Bellingshausen and Scotia Seas in the Southern Ocean. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] They occur from 200 to 2,454 m (655 to 8,050 ft). [8]

Contents

Description

Carapace is usally bright red, Its spines remain thick and well-developed but show less size difference compared to juveniles. Granules on smooth surfaces are less acute and sometimes faint. In the gastric region, the central spine may become a tubercle, and the transverse row of granules is often less distinct or absent. The cardiac, branchial. Females display larger spines on asymmetrical plates. Their Walking legs maintain the same relative lengths as in juveniles. The species reaches about 145 mm (5.7 in) in length and 162 mm (6.4 in) in width, it makes N. diomedeae the largest lithodids known in South Georgia, and the deepest known occurring lithodid. [9] It inhabits depths 640–2,450 m (2,100–8,040 ft) in the Southern Atlantic, though they were not found above 950 m (3,120 ft). And because it is not commercial yet, its large size and quality could suggest it can be a potential commercial value of this species. [10]

The examination of the autonomous cameras of the ROV Highlight specimen of N. diomedeae suggests it may grow much more larger approaching a carapace length more than 150 mm (5.9 in), and the carapace width along the walking pair of legs may approach as wide as 500 mm (20 in). [11]

Diet

Neolithodes diomedeae are opportunistic, necrophagous scavengers. [4] [12] In the Gulf of California's abyssal plain, they live around hydrothermal vents and feed on organic material which falls from the pelagic zone. [4]

Behavior

In deep-sea sedimentary habitats, young N. diomedeae have been found to have a symbiotic relationship with sea cucumbers, frequently situating themselves on or underneath members of the genus Scotoplanes . This relationship is hypothesized to be related to elevated food availability and shelter from predation. [13] They have also shown an affinity for situating themselves on corals, especially as juveniles. [14]

References

  1. ↑ Benedict, James Everard (1894). "Scientific Results of Explorations by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. XVII: 479–488. ISSN   0096-3801.
  2. ↑ Ahyong, Shane T. (1 September 2020). "Neolithodes diomedeae (Benedict, 1895)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  3. ↑ Ahyong, Shane T. (2010). The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: King Crabs of New Zealand, Australia, and the Ross Sea (Crustacea: Decapoda: Lithodidae) (PDF). NIWA Biodiversity Memoirs. Vol. 123. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research. p. 73. ISBN   978-0478232851. LCCN   2010497356. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 February 2020.
  4. 1 2 3 Escobar-Briones, Elva; Morales, Pedro; Cienfuegos, Edith; González, Manuel (December 2002). "Carbon sources and trophic position of two abyssal species of Anomura, Munidopsis alvisca (Galatheidae) and Neolithodes diomedeae (Lithodidae)" (PDF). In Hendrickx, Michel Edmond (ed.). Contributions to the Study of East Pacific Crustaceans. Vol. 1. National Autonomous University of Mexico. pp. 37–432. ISBN   978-9703201686 – via the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.
  5. ↑ Griffiths, Huw J.; Whittle, Rowan J.; Roberts, Stephen J.; Belchier, Mark; Linse, Katrin (July 2013). Archambault, Philippe (ed.). "Antarctic Crabs: Invasion or Endurance?". PLoS One . 8 (7): e66981. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...866981G. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066981 . PMC   3700924 . PMID   23843974.
  6. ↑ García Raso, J. E.; Manjón-Cabeza, M. E.; Ramos, A.; Olaso, I. (23 March 2005). "New record of Lithodidae (Crustacea Decapoda, Anomura) from the Antarctic (Bellingshausen Sea)" (PDF). Polar Biology . 28 (8): 642–646. Bibcode:2005PoBio..28..642G. doi:10.1007/s00300-005-0722-9. hdl:10508/7323. S2CID   2955102. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 May 2020 – via the University of Málaga.
  7. ↑ Anosov, Sergey E.; Spiridonov, Vassily A.; Neretina, Tatiana V.; Uryupova, Ekaterina F.; Schepetov, Dimitry (27 September 2014). "King crabs of the western Atlantic sector of Antarctic and adjacent areas: new records, molecular barcode data and distribution (Crustacea: Decapoda: Lithodidae)". Polar Biology . 38 (2): 231–249. doi:10.1007/s00300-014-1581-z. S2CID   15618617 . Retrieved 21 May 2020– via ResearchGate.
  8. ↑ Lovrich, Gustavo A.; Tapella, Federico (2014). "Southern King Crabs". In Stevens, Bradley G. (ed.). King Crabs of the World: Biology and Fisheries Management. CRC Press. p. 450. doi:10.1201/b16664. ISBN   978-0429063176. LCCN   2013036692.
  9. ↑ "Belchier-et-al.pdf" (PDF).
  10. ↑ {{Cite web| title=DECA 280912:PROBA DECAPOD |url=https://www.ccamlr.org/fr/system/files/DECAPODA_Atlantic.pdf
  11. ↑ "Belchier-et-al.pdf" (PDF).
  12. ↑ Yau, Cynthia; Collins, Martin A.; Bagley, Phil M.; Everson, Inigo; Priede, Imants G. (2002). "Scavenging by megabenthos and demersal fish on the South Georgia slope". Antarctic Science . 14 (1): 16–24. Bibcode:2002AntSc..14...16Y. doi:10.1017/S0954102002000536. S2CID   130271970. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2020– via ResearchGate.
  13. ↑ Barry, James P.; Taylor, Josi R.; Kuhnz, Linda A.; De Vogelaere, Andrew P. (2017). "Symbiosis between the holothurian Scotoplanes sp. A and the lithodid crab Neolithodes diomedeae on a featureless bathyal sediment plain". Marine Ecology. 38 (2): e12396. Bibcode:2017MarEc..38E2396B. doi:10.1111/maec.12396.
  14. ↑ Girard, Fanny; Litvin, Steven Y.; Sherman, Alana; McGill, Paul; Lovera, Christopher; DeVogelaere, Andrew; Burton, Erica; Barry, James P. (June 2023). "Epibenthic faunal community dynamics and seasonal species turnover in a deep-sea coral ecosystem". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers . 196: 104048. Bibcode:2023DSRI..19604048G. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr.2023.104048 .
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