| Neolithodes indicus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Anomura |
| Family: | Lithodidae |
| Genus: | Neolithodes |
| Species: | N. indicus |
| Binomial name | |
| Neolithodes indicus Padate, Cubelio & Takeda, 2020 [1] | |
Neolithodes indicus is a species of king crab found in the southeastern Arabian Sea. [1]
N. indicus has a pyriform carapace whose dorsal surface is heavily populated with small spinules inbetween major, conical spines; at the longest in one of its female paratypes, it has been measured at 188.3 mm (7.41 in) in length and 169.7 mm (6.68 in) in width. [1] Its rostrum is about 3–10% the length of the carapace – excluding the rostrum itself – in large specimens. [1] Like the carapace, its chelipeds and walking legs are covered in small spinules, and its rear walking legs – which are the longest – have four major spines. [1] The chelipeds and walking legs are lighter in colouration than the carapace, however, which is a clay-like reddish-brown. [1] Its chelae have several small spines and are lined with rows of golden setae. [1]
On the underside, its short, cylindrical fifth set of legs are tucked under its abdomen and covered in bristles. [1] Except for the first segment which is sparsely populated with tubercles, the abdomen is covered in numerous evenly spaced spinules. [1] The median and submedian plates of the second segment of its abdomen bear large spines, as do the margins of the second through fifth segments. [1]
N. indicus is known from three female specimens collected in the southeastern Arabian Sea off the coast of Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala, India from 2013 to 2014. [1] These three specimens were found at depths between 1,064–1,338 m (3,491–4,390 ft) in the mid-continental slope on a bathymetric protrusion known as the Terrace of Trivandrum. [1]
N. indicus was described in 2020 by carcinologists Vinay Padate, Sherine Sonia Cubelio, and Masatsune Takeda. [1] Its genus name "Neolithodes" is derived from Greek and Latin and means "new stone-crab", [2] while its species name "indicus" is Latin for "Indian". [1] It is likely conspecific with Neolithodes alcocoki, a nomen nudum suggested in the 1980s, [1] and it was originally identified erroneously as Lithodes agassizii [lower-alpha 1] by A.R.S. Anderson in 1896. [1] [3] N. indicus most closely resembles N. brodiei from New Zealand, N. flindersi from southeastern Australia, and N. nipponensis from Japan and Taiwan. [1]
The decapod is made up of 20 body segments grouped into two main body parts: the cephalothorax and the pleon (abdomen). Each segment may possess one pair of appendages, although in various groups these may be reduced or missing. They are, from head to tail:
Cryptolithodes sitchensis, known as the umbrella crab, is a species of lithodid crustacean native to coastal regions of the northeastern Pacific Ocean, ranging from Sitka, Alaska to Point Loma, California. Its carapace extends over its legs such that when it pulls in its legs, it resembles a small stone. It lives in rocky areas from the low intertidal to depths of 17 m (56 ft).
Neolithodes is a genus of king crabs, in the family Lithodidae. They are found in all major oceans, both in high and low latitudes. Although there are records from water as shallow as 124 m (407 ft) in cold regions, most records are much deeper, typically 700–2,000 m (2,300–6,600 ft), with the deepest confirmed at 5,238 m (17,185 ft). They are fairly large to large crabs that typically are reddish in color and spiny, although the size of these spines varies depending on species.
Oregonia is a genus of crabs, comprising two extant species and one fossil species: It is classified in the family Oregoniidae under the spider crab superfamily Majoidea.
Oregonia bifurca, commonly known as the split-nose crab or the split-nose decorator crab, is a species of crabs belonging to the family Oregoniidae. It is a rare deep-water species that inhabits the tops of seamounts and guyots in the northeastern Pacific Ocean; from the Aleutian Islands, the Bering Sea, the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, to the waters off British Columbia. It is closely related to the more common shallow-water species Oregonia gracilis, the graceful decorator crab.
Periclimenes pholeter, is a species of shrimp belonging to the family Palaemonidae. The species is closest to Periclimenes indicus, P. obscurus and P. toloensis, resembling these species in the presence of an epigastric tooth on the carapace, the shape of the abdomen, the spinulation of the carapace, and the unarmed fingers of the first chelipeds. P. pholeter most resembles P. indicus by the elongatecarpus and long fingers of the second pereiopods, differing in these features from P. toloensis, which has the fingers slightly less than half as long as the palm. In P. obscurus the fingers are shorter than the palm, but the carpus is about as long as the palm. From P. indicus, this species differs: by the greater size; by the much higher rostrum and the greater number of ventral rostral teeth; by the shorter eye; by the less slender antennular peduncle; by the more deeply cleft upper antennular flagellum; by the more robust scaphocerite; by the fingers of the first pereiopods ; by the more slender pereiopods, especially the fifth, which is much longer than the ischium.
Lauridromia intermedia is a species of crab in the family Dromiidae and is native to the western Indo-Pacific. It often carries a piece of sponge on its back by way of camouflage, and one individual was found carrying a sea anemone in a similar manner.
Hyas coarctatus is a marine crab species native to the North Atlantic. It is characterized by a lyriformed shell.
Paralomis zealandica, also known as the prickly king crab, is a species of king crab which lives at a depth between 254–1,212 m (833–3,976 ft) in New Zealand. It has a spiky carapace.
Neolithodes flindersi is a species of king crab found in southeastern Australia. They have been found at depths of 887–1,333 metres (2,910–4,373 ft) but typically appear from 950–1,050 metres (3,120–3,440 ft). They most closely resemble Neolithodes brodiei and Neolithodes nipponensis.
Neolithodes agassizii is a species of king crab native to the Western Atlantic. They live at depths of 200–1,900 metres (660–6,230 ft), and have been found as far south as Rio de Janeiro, as far north as latitude 36°, and near the Equator. It has been found in the southwestern Caribbean Sea as well as the Gulf of Mexico.
Neolithodes bronwynae, commonly known as the rock crab, is a species of king crab which is found at the Whakatane Seamount in the Bay of Plenty, the Lord Howe Rise near Lord Howe Island, eastern Australia, and possibly New Caledonia. It has been found at depths of 1,515–2,643 metres (4,970–8,671 ft).
Neolithodes vinogradovi is a species of king crab whose native habitat ranges from the Arabian Sea to the Coral Sea.
Neolithodes capensis is a species of king crab which is found in the Southern Ocean and the western Indian Ocean. It has been found to a depth of 660–3,200 metres (2,170–10,500 ft). They have been found near Cape Point and around the Crozet and Kerguelen Islands in the subantarctic, and they are widespread in the Bellingshausen Sea on the Antarctic continental slope.
Neolithodes nipponensis is a species of king crab which is found in Japan and Taiwan. It has been found at depths from 200–1,752 metres (656–5,748 ft).
Limnopilos naiyanetri, commonly referred to as the Thai micro crab or pill-box crab, is a freshwater hymenosomatid crab endemic to Thailand. Its presence has only been confirmed in the Tha Chin River. The species was described in 1991 and represents the type species of Limnopilos. The Thai micro crab was first introduced to the aquarium hobby in 2008 when it was imported to Germany by the tropical fish importer Aquarium Glaser GmbH, and has slowly grown in popularity with aquarium hobbyists. It remains a relatively rare species on the market and detailed information on the husbandry of this species is scarce.
Guyanacaris is a genus of Axiidae shrimp. Its type species is Guyanacaris hirsutimana. It contains the following species:
Paralomis okitoriensis is a species of king crab. It has been identified near Japan's southernmost atoll, Okinotorishima.
Gordonopsis is a genus of deep-sea porter crabs in the family Homolidae. The Homolidae are also known as carrier crabs or porter crabs for their fifth pereiopods, which they use to hold objects in place over the rear half of the carapace in a possible defence mechanism against predators. Species of Gordonopsis are found in deep waters of the Indo-West Pacific region. The genus was erected in 1995 by Danièle Guinot and Bertrand Richer de Forges.
Paralomis tuberipes is a species of king crab. It has been identified around Puerto Aguirre in Chile. Its depth range is unknown.
Data related to Neolithodes indicus at Wikispecies