The Livro da Noa is a medieval codex that originated in the monastery of Santa Cruz de Coimbra and is now preserved in the Torre do Tombo National Arquive. [1] The present volume results from the separate binding, in the 17th century, of the last five quires of a psalter containing the prayers of the Nones, from which it took its name. It was also known as the 'Book of the Eras' and the 'Book of the Sacristy'. It contains a collection of short texts, mostly historiographical, which were copied at different times: the earliest ones around 1200, others in the 14th century, and the latest in the 15th century.
The codex consists of 26 parchment folios, numbered 2-27 and grouped into five quires: a binion (folios 2-5), a quaternion (folios 6-13), an incomplete ternion (folios 14-18), and an incomplete quinion (folios 19-27). The first quire dates from the late 12th or early 13th century and was probably a quaternion that, in the 14th century, lost its last folios. The contents of these folios, or part of them, were copied into the second quire. The psalter, of which it was a part, contained the seven penitential psalms. Its last five quires were separated at an imprecise date and were considered lost until 1623, when the cleric José de Cristo found them with the relics of the monastery and bound them. [2]
Records and compositions that were probably spread over several volumes were transferred to the Livro da Noa at different times, likely to prevent them from being lost. These texts include three versions of the Annales Portucalenses Veteres , the Annales Martyrum , the Ordo Annorum Mundi and an obituary of the bishops of Coimbra, as well as several series of annals. [3]
The texts that make up the Livro da Noa have been copied, in whole or in part, since the 15th century, and published in printed form by António Caetano de Sousa, [4] Enrique Flórez, [5] Alexandre Herculano, [6] Alfredo Pimenta, [7] Pierre David, [8] and António Cruz. [9]
Afonso I, also called Afonso Henriques, nicknamed the Conqueror and the Founder by the Portuguese, was the first king of Portugal. He achieved the independence of the County of Portugal, establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista, an objective that he pursued until his death.
Afonso II, nicknamed the Fat or the Leper, was the third king of Portugal and the second but eldest surviving son of Sancho I of Portugal and Dulce of Aragon. Afonso succeeded his father on 27 March 1211.
Sancho I of Portugal, nicknamed "the Populator", King of Portugal was the second but only surviving legitimate son and fifth child of Afonso I of Portugal by his wife, Maud of Savoy. Sancho succeeded his father and was crowned in Coimbra when he was 31 years old on 9 December 1185. He used the title King of Silves from 1189 until he lost the territory to Almohad control in 1191.
Galician–Portuguese, also known as Old Galician–Portuguese, Old Galician or Old Portuguese, Medieval Galician or Medieval Portuguese when referring to the history of each modern language, was a West Iberian Romance language spoken in the Middle Ages, in the northwest area of the Iberian Peninsula. Alternatively, it can be considered a historical period of the Galician, Fala, and Portuguese languages.
Henrique Carlos da Mata Galvão was a Portuguese military officer, writer and politician. He was initially a supporter but later become one of the strongest opponents of the Portuguese Estado Novo under António de Oliveira Salazar.
The Monastery of the Holy Cross, also known as the Church of the Holy Cross, is a National Monument in Coimbra, Portugal. Because the first two kings of Portugal are buried in the church it was granted the status of National Pantheon. Founded in 1131 outside the protecting walls of Coimbra, the Monastery of the Holy Cross was the most important monastic house during the early days of the Portuguese monarchy. Saint Theotonius founded this community of Canons Regular of the Holy Cross of Coimbra and served as their first prior. The monastery and church were erected between 1132 and 1223. The monastery was granted numerous papal privileges and royal grants, which allowed the accumulation of considerable wealth, at the same time as it consolidated its position on the politico-institutional and cultural scene. Its school, with its vast library, was highly respected in medieval times and was a meeting point for the intellectual and power elites. Its scriptorium was used for the consolidation of royal power by King Afonso Henriques, thus it was not considered strange that he decided to be buried there.
Matilda of Savoy was Queen of Portugal, after her marriage to King Afonso Henriques, the first sovereign of Portugal, whom she married in 1146.
Martim Moniz was a Portuguese knight of noble birth, and famous figure in the Siege of Lisbon in 1147.
Mafalda of Portugal was a Portuguese infanta, the fourth legitimate child and third daughter of Afonso Henriques and his wife Mafalda of Savoy.
Dom Heliodoro de Paiva was a Portuguese composer, philosopher, and theologian.
In the Middle Ages, the Galician-Portuguese lyric, also known as trovadorismo in Portugal and trobadorismo in Galicia, was a lyric poetic school or movement. All told, there are around 1680 texts in the so-called secular lyric or lírica profana. At the time Galician-Portuguese was the language used in nearly all of Iberia for lyric poetry. From this language derives both modern Galician and Portuguese. The school, which was influenced to some extent by the Occitan troubadours, is first documented at the end of the twelfth century and lasted until the middle of the fourteenth, with its zenith coming in the middle of the thirteenth century, centered on the person of Alfonso X, The Wise King. It is the earliest known poetic movement in Galicia or Portugal and represents not only the beginnings of but one of the high points of poetic history in both countries and in Medieval Europe. Modern Galicia has seen a revival movement called neotrobadorismo.
Marquess of Lavradio is a Portuguese title of nobility created by Letters Patent of King José I of Portugal on 18 October 1753 for D. António de Almeida Soares de Portugal, 1st Count of Lavradio and 4th Count of Avintes.
The Chronicon complutense sive alcobacense is a short medieval Latin history, in the form of annals, of events in Galicia and Portugal up to the death of Ferdinand I "the Great", whom the anonymous chronicler lauds as an "exceedingly strong emperor", in 1065. It is the earliest "chronicon" dealing with Galaico-Portuguese events. The first edition was published by Enrique Flórez in 1767. A more recent edition, incorporating the recension known as the Chronicon conimbrigense, was published under the title Annales Portugalenses veteres by Pierre David.
Mendo Nunes (Spanish: Menendo Núñez; was a Count of Portugal from the family of Vímara Peres as the son of Nuno Alvites and Ilduara Mendes.
António Correia de Oliveira (1879–1960) was a Portuguese poet. According to the Nomination Database for the Nobel Prize in Literature he was nominated 15 times without being awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
The Portuguese Renaissance refers to the cultural and artistic movement in Portugal during the 15th and 16th centuries. Though the movement coincided with the Spanish and Italian Renaissances, the Portuguese Renaissance was largely separate from other European Renaissances and instead was extremely important in opening Europe to the unknown and bringing a more worldly view to those European Renaissances, as at the time the Portuguese Empire spanned the globe.
Beatriz Amélia Alves de Sousa Oliveira Basto da Silva was born in Anadia, Portugal in 1944 and majored in history at the University of Coimbra with the thesis of Historiografia - o Conceito de História em António Caetano do Amaral.
Diogo de Contreiras was a Portuguese Mannerist painter, active between 1521 and 1562. He has been identified as the painter referred to as the Master of Saint Quentin. The identification of de Contreiras as the Master of Saint Quentin was determined by Martin Soria (1957) and later reinforced by Vítor Serrão.
Bernardino António Gomes was a Portuguese physician and scientist. He is perhaps most widely remembered for his pioneering work in Portugal in the field of anaesthesiology, as the first physician in the country to use chloroform in a surgical procedure ; he is also credited with the popularization of the use of creosote and of the first ether inhalers.
The Chronicle of the King D. Pedro I, or Chronicle of D. Pedro, is a historical record of the chronicle genre written by Fernão Lopes covering the period of time corresponding to the reign of D. Pedro I of Portugal, known as the Just, or the Cruel, which took place between 1357 and 1367.