Industry | Automotive |
---|---|
Founded | 1908 |
Defunct | 1963 |
Fate | Bankruptcy |
Headquarters | Bremen, Germany |
Products | Automobiles |
Parent | Norddeutscher Lloyd |
Lloyd Motoren Werke G.m.b.H. (Lloyd Engine Works) was a German automobile manufacturer, created in 1908 and owned by the Norddeutscher Lloyd shipping company. The factory was in Bremen. The company operated under a variety of different names throughout the decades, but their products were nearly always badged with the Lloyd marque. Originally a manufacturer of luxury cars, the company was folded into the Borgward Group in 1929, with the brand not used on passenger cars again until 1950. Production ended for good in 1963, although a successor company continued trading until 1989, selling replacement parts, as well as manufacturing engines for snowmobiles and boats.
The German Lloyd marque had no connection with the British Lloyd Cars Ltd company active between 1936 and 1951.
The first cars were licence-built Kriéger electric vehicles. Petrol-engined models followed in 1908, using 3685 cc engines, but few were made. The Belgian electrical engineer, Paul Mossay, was employed for four years as chief engineer, designing both engines and electric vehicles. [1] : 78 In 1914, the company merged with Hansa to become Hansa-Lloyd Werke AG. The company was never on a sound financial footing and changed names and badging on a number of occasions. [2] Most of the Hansa/Lloyd cars made during that period were branded as "Hansa". The "Hansa-Lloyd" name mainly attached to commercial vehicles, with the exception of the Treff-Aß and the Trumpf-Aß. The company was integrated in the Borgward group after the purchase of Hansa by Carl F. W. Borgward in 1929, and car production ceased.
Until 1937, the Hansa-Lloyd brand was used on a number of commercial vehicles (trucks and buses), from the one-ton "Express" to the five-ton "Merkur". They were largely replaced by Borgward-branded vehicles, but a few models were sold in 1938 with just "Hansa" badging. [3]
Lloyd as a stand-alone name only entered mass-production of cars and light trucks in 1950, when the company became Lloyd Motoren Werke GmbH – still in Bremen. The very first cars (the Lloyd 300) were wood- and fabric-bodied. Between 1953 and 1954, thin, rolled steel gradually replaced the original fabric shell (Lloyd 400), but wood framing was still used within the doors and elsewhere.
The Lloyd 250 was called "Prüfungsangst-Lloyd" ("Lloyd for exam nerves") because they appealed to drivers who had older driving licenses and could drive the car without having to pass the new test for drivers of cars with a cubic capacity of over 250 cc, a test which was introduced in a legal reform in the mid-1950s. With an engine producing only 11 PS (DIN), the Lloyd designers saw a need for saving weight, and thus offered the LP 250 without a back seat, bumpers, hub caps or trims. However, most buyers ordered the LP 250 V with those features as optional extras.
Overall, the vehicles filled the need for small, cheap cars, which were characteristic of post-war Germany, and they provided a comparatively high standard of comfort and reliability. For several years in the 1950s, they rose to third place in the annual licensing statistics, behind only Volkswagen and Opel. In spite of that success, there was little prestige gained in driving a Lloyd. In the vernacular, the Lloyd 300 was called "Leukoplastbomber", due to the owners' habit of repairing nicks in the fabric of the body with sticking plaster called Leukoplast. A contemporary derisive verse went "Wer den Tod nicht scheut, fährt Lloyd" ("He who is not afraid of death, drives a Lloyd").
Pietro Frua designed a coupé based on the Lloyd Alexander, which was presented at the Turin Motor Show in November 1958.
The parent company failed in 1961 but cars were still made up to 1963. By that time, the LP 900 was named "Borgward Arabella" instead of "Lloyd Arabella".
Type | Body style | Period | Engine | cubic capacity | hp (DIN) | Gears | Speed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lloyd LP 300 | saloon | 1950–1952 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 293 | 10 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LS 300 / LK 300 | LS: estate car LK: van | 1951–1952 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 293 | 10 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LC 300 | coupé | 1951–1952 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 293 | 10 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LP 400 | saloon | 1953–1957 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 386 | 13 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LS 400 / LK 400 | LS: estate car LK: van | 1953–1957 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 386 | 13 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LC 400 | convertible | 1953–1957 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 386 | 13 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LT 500 | van / 6-seater minivan [4] | 1953–1957 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 386 | 13 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LP 250 and 250 V | saloon | 1956–1957 | 2 cylinders two-stroke | 250 | 11 | 3 | 75 km/h (47 mph) |
Lloyd LP 600 | saloon | 1955–1961 | 2 cylinders four-stroke | 596 | 19 | 3 | 100 km/h (62 mph) |
Lloyd LS 600 / LK 600 | LS: estate car LK: van | 1955–1961 | 2 cylinders four-stroke | 596 | 19 | 4 | 100 km/h (62 mph) |
Lloyd LC 600 | convertible "Cabrio-Limousine" | 1955–1961 | 2 cylinders four-stroke | 596 | 19 | 4 | 100 km/h (62 mph) |
Lloyd Alexander | saloon or estate car | 1957–1961 | 2 cylinders four-stroke | 596 | 19 | 4 | 100 km/h (62 mph) |
Lloyd Alexander TS | saloon or estate car | 1958–1961 | 2 cylinders four-stroke | 596 | 25 | 4 | 107 km/h (66 mph) |
Lloyd LT 600 | van/minivan pickup truck | 1955–1961 | 2 cylinders four-stroke | 596 | 19 | 4 | 85 km/h (53 mph) |
Lloyd Theodor | LT 600 RV | 1955–1961 | 2 cylinders four-stroke | 596 | 19 | 4 | 85 km/h (53 mph) |
Lloyd Arabella | saloon | 1959–1961 | 4 cylinders four-stroke | 897 | 38 1960–1963 also 34 | 4 | 120 km/h (75 mph) |
Lloyd Arabella de Luxe | saloon | 1960–1961 | 4 cylinders four-stroke | 897 | 45 | 4 | 133 km/h (83 mph) |
Lloyd EL 1500 | electric van | electric | - | - | |||
Lloyd EL 2500 | electric van | electric | - | - |
Type | number of cars built |
---|---|
Lloyd 300 LP, LS and LC | 18,087 |
Lloyd 400 LP, LS and LC | 109,878 |
Lloyd 250 and 250 V | 3,768 |
Lloyd 600 LP, LS and LC, Alexander and Alexander TS | 176,524 |
Lloyd Arabella and Arabella de Luxe | 47,549 |
The Lloyd 600 was assembled in Australia by a company formed as joint venture between Carl Borgward and Laurence Hartnett in the late 1950s. [5] The car was introduced in December 1957 as the Lloyd-Hartnett and a total of 3000 cars were built before production ceased in 1962. [5]
The former Borgward car manufacturing company, based in Bremen, Germany, was founded by Carl F. W. Borgward (1890–1963). It produced cars of four brands, which were sold to a diversified international customer base: Borgward, Hansa, Goliath and Lloyd. Borgward's Isabella was one of the most popular German premium models in the 1950s, while Lloyd's Alexander / Lloyd 600 model offered affordable mobility to many working-class motorists. The group ceased operations in 1961, following controversial insolvency proceedings.
Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Borgward was a German engineer and designer and the creator of the Borgward group, based in Bremen.
Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. was a German car manufacturer started by Carl F. W. Borgward and Wilhelm Tecklenborg in 1928, and was part of the Borgward group. Goliath was based in Bremen and specialized in three-wheeler cars and trucks and medium-sized cars. Their vehicles were sold under the Goliath brand.
Hansa-Automobil Gesellschaft m.b.H was a German car brand established in 1905, which in 1914 was merged with Norddeutsche Automobil und Motoren AG (NAMAG) into Hansa-Lloyd-Werke A.G.. From 1929 to 1931 it was taken over by the Borgward group. Hansa was based in the Bremen suburb of Hastedt.
Büssing AG was a German bus and truck manufacturer, established in 1903 by Heinrich Büssing (1843–1929) in Braunschweig. It quickly evolved to one of the largest European producers, whose utility vehicles with the Brunswick Lion emblem were widely distributed, especially from the 1930s onwards. The company was taken over by MAN AG in 1971.
The official founding date of the German motor vehicle manufacturer BMW is 7 March 1916, when an aircraft producer called Bayerische Flugzeugwerke was established. This company was renamed to Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW) in 1922. However, the BMW name dates back to 1917, when Rapp Motorenwerke changed its name to Bayerische Motoren Werke. BMW's first product was a straight-six aircraft engine called the BMW IIIa. Following the end of World War I, BMW remained in business by producing motorcycle engines, farm equipment, household items and railway brakes. The company produced its first motorcycle, the BMW R32, in 1923.
The Borgward Isabella is an automobile which was manufactured by the Bremen based auto-manufacturer Carl F. W. Borgward GmbH from 1954 to 1962.
The Goliath 1100 and later the Hansa 1100 is a small automobile that was manufactured from 1957 until 1961 by the Bremen based Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co, a subsidiary of Borgward. A two-door saloon and a three-door kombi (estate) version were available from launch and a two-door coupe was introduced a year later. For 1959, the Goliath name was discontinued and the car was rebadged as the Hansa 1100, recalling Borgward’s prewar model of the same name.
The Lloyd LT 500 was a compact van produced and sold by the German automaker Borgward Groups's Lloyd Motoren Werke GmbH in Bremen, Germany between 1953 and 1957. A six seater minivan version was offered by April 1954.
The Lloyd LP 250 is a small car introduced in June 1956 and offered for sale until 1957 by Lloyd Motoren Werke G.m.b.H. of Bremen. The body and running gear came from the existing Lloyd LP 400. The LP 250 differed in having the size of its two cylinder two stroke engine reduced to 250 cc. This produced a claimed maximum power of just 8 kW at 5000 rpm, less, even, than the 9.8 kW of the LP 400.
A substantial car industry was created in Australia in the 20th century through the opening of Australian plants by international manufacturers. The first major carmaker was Ford Australia and the first Australian-designed mass production car was manufactured by Holden in 1948. Australian manufacture of cars rose to a maximum of almost half a million in the 1970s and still exceeded 400,000 in 2004. Australia was best known for the design and production of 'large' sized passenger vehicles. By 2009 total production had fallen to around 175,000 and the Australian market was dominated by cars imported from Asia and Europe.
The Glas 1700 is a middle class four door saloon produced by Hans Glas GmbH at Dingolfing. The prototype was first presented in September 1963 at the Frankfurt Motor Show. Later versions of the coupé and cabriolet bodied Glas GT were also powered, in some cases, by the same engine as the saloon. The saloon was produced between August 1964 and December 1967, but the manufacturer never had the investment capital sufficiently to expand production capability and the model was discontinued after the by now badly indebted manufacturer was acquired by BMW.
The Lloyd 600 is a small car produced by the Borgward Groups's Lloyd Motoren Werke GmbH in Bremen between 1955 and 1961.
The Lloyd Arabella was a passenger car produced by the Borgward Group in West Germany between 1959 and 1961. After the company's controversial bankruptcy the Arabella continued to be produced, albeit in greatly reduced quantities and branded as the Borgward Arabella until 1963. By the standards of the time and place it would have been defined as a small family car.
The Lloyd 400 is a small car produced by the Borgward Group's Lloyd Motoren Werke GmbH in Bremen between 1953 and 1957.
The Lloyd 300 was a small car produced by the Borgward Group's Lloyd Motoren Werke GmbH in Bremen between 1950 and 1952.
Borgward Group AG was a Chinese-German automobile brand established in 2010 with headquarters in Stuttgart, Germany. The company carried the name and logo of the former German brand Borgward. Design and engineering was located in Germany, but the cars were produced in China by Foton Motor.
The Goliath F400 is a three-wheeled pickup transporter, made by Hansa-Lloyd and Goliath Company Borgward & Tecklenborg in Bremen, Germany which was sold under the brand Goliath. It was based on the three-wheeled passenger car Goliath Pionier with a closed timber-framed wood cab.
The Hansa 400 is a microcar made in 1933 to 1934 by Hansa Lloyd and Goliath Company, Borgward & Tecklenborg in Bremen, Germany. After about a year in production, it was replaced by the next model Hansa 500 with a bigger engine.
The Blitzkarren was a cab-less tricycle freight cart based on a motorcycle. It was produced in 1924 as the first complete production vehicle manufactured by the Bremer Kühlerfabrik Borgward & Co. GmbH. The company, located in Sebaldsbrück, a settlement in Hemelingen, Bremen, Germany previously produced radiators and fenders for Hansa-Lloyd. Between 1929 and 1931 Hansa-Lloyd was acquired by Carl Borgward and his co-investor Wilhelm Tecklenborg. Borgward also renamed his radiator manufacturing company to Goliath-Werke Borgward & Co. GmbH.