Luciano Mecacci | |
---|---|
Born | |
Nationality | Italian |
Education | Sapienza University of Rome |
Awards | Viareggio Prize |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Psychophysiology, History of psychology |
Institutions | Sapienza University of Rome University of Florence |
Luciano Mecacci (born November 27, 1946) [1] is an Italian psychologist and author, formerly Professor at the University of Florence, best known for his contributions to history of psychology in Italy, and as an influential early disseminator of works and ideas of Lev Vygotsky in the West. He won the Viareggio Prize in 2014.
After working at the Institute of Psychology of the National Research Council in Rome, and teaching as an associate and full professor at the University of Rome La Sapienza, Mecacci moved to the University of Florence in 1995, where he was also Vice Rector from 1998 to 2006. [2] Starting in the early 1970s, he was a fellow of the Institute of General and Pedagogical Psychology in Moscow and the Institute of Psychology (USSR Academy of Sciences), and in the early 1980s he worked at the Laboratory of Experimental Psychology in Paris (CNRS). [2]
His main works regard the psychophysiological correlates of cognitive processes, and the history of psychology, especially Russian. His first book on Soviet psychology and neurophysiology had the preface by Aleksandr Luria; [3] While in Moscow, Mecacci had studied neuropsychology with Luria, [4] whom he identifies as his "fundamental figure". [5] Mecacci edited the first unabridged Western translation of the book Thinking and Speech by Lev Vygotsky. [6] [7] His work as an intermediary between Russia and Western Europe has been an important influence on the reception of Vygotsky's ideas in the West during the Cold War. [8] In the 1980s, he led the periodical Storia e critica della psicologia (History and criticism of psychology). [9] As historical studies within psychology became increasingly taught in Italy in the early 1990s, he was active in the development of the field, most notably by writing new handbooks, and is considered "one of the senior members of the history of psychology in Italy". [9]
From the 2010s and onward, he has been researching and writing literature about specific topics in Italian and Russian histories. In 2014, he won the Viareggio Prize in the non-fiction category for his book La Ghirlanda fiorentina, about the final days of the Italian philosopher Giovanni Gentile (assassinated in 1944). [10] [11] His 2019 book Besprizornye. Bambini randagi nella Russia sovietica (1917-1935) deals with the history of orphans in the Soviet Union. [12] [13] His books have been translated into English, Dutch, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish and German. [14]
Mecacci is a member of the Academia Europaea [2] and of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Russian and East European Psychology, [15] and Culture and Education. [16]
Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky was a Russian and Soviet psychologist, best known for his work on psychological development in children and creating the framework known as cultural-historical activity theory. After his early death, his books and research were banned in the Soviet Union until Joseph Stalin's death in 1953, with a first collection of major texts published in 1956.
Alexander Romanovich Luria was a Soviet neuropsychologist, often credited as a father of modern neuropsychology. He developed an extensive and original battery of neuropsychological tests during his clinical work with brain-injured victims of World War II, which are still used in various forms. He made an in-depth analysis of the functioning of various brain regions and integrative processes of the brain in general. Luria's magnum opus, Higher Cortical Functions in Man (1962), is a much-used psychological textbook which has been translated into many languages and which he supplemented with The Working Brain in 1973.
Carlo Penco, August 1948 –, is an Italian analytic philosopher and full professor in philosophy of language at the University of Genoa in Italy.
Bluma Zeigarnik was a Soviet psychologist of Lithuanian origin, a member of the Berlin School of experimental psychology and the so-called Vygotsky Circle. She contributed to the establishment of experimental psychopathology as a separate discipline in the Soviet Union in the post-World War II period.
Cultural-historical psychology is a branch of psychological theory and practice associated with Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria and their Circle, who initiated it in the mid-1920s–1930s. The phrase "cultural-historical psychology" never occurs in the writings of Vygotsky, and was subsequently ascribed to him by his critics and followers alike, yet it is under this title that this intellectual movement is now widely known. The main goal of Vygotsky-Luria project was the establishment of a "new psychology" that would account for the inseparable unity of mind, brain and culture in their development in concrete socio-historical settings and throughout the history of humankind as socio-biological species. In its most radical forms, the theory that Vygotsky and Luria were attempting to build was expressed in terms of a "science of Superman", and was closely linked with the pronouncement for the need in a new psychological theory of consciousness and its relationship to the development of higher psychological functions. All this theoretical and experimental empirical work was attempted by the members of the Vygotsky Circle.
László Garai was a scholar of psychology: studies theoretical psychology, social psychology and economic psychology.
Vladimir Dmitrievich Nebylitsyn, Russian: Владимир Дмитриевич Небылицын was a Soviet psychologist, one of Boris Teplov's disciples, professor (1968), associate member of the Russian Academy of Pedagogy.
Ermis Segatti, is a Catholic theologian and university Professor belonging to the Archdiocese of Turin, Italy.
Domenico Losurdo was an Italian historian, essayist, Marxist philosopher, and communist politician.
The Acqui Award of History is an Italian prize. The prize was founded in 1968 for remembering the victims of the Acqui Military Division who died in Cefalonia fighting against the Nazis. The jury is composed of seven members: six full professors of history and a group of sixty (60) ordinary readers who have just one representative in the jury. The Acqui Award Prize is divided into three sections: history, popular history, and historical novels. A special prize entitled “Witness to the Times,” given to individual personalities known for their cultural contributions and who have distinguished themselves in describing historical events and contemporary society, may also be conferred. Beginning in 2003 special recognition for work in multimedia and iconography--”History through Images”—was instituted.
Michele Zappella is an Italian psychiatrist and scholar of Child Neuropsychiatry. He is a native of Viareggio, Italy.
The Vygotsky Circle was an influential informal network of psychologists, educationalists, medical specialists, physiologists, and neuroscientists, associated with Lev Vygotsky (1896–1934) and Alexander Luria (1902–1977), active in 1920-early 1940s in the Soviet Union. The work of the Circle contributed to the foundation of the integrative science of mind, brain, and behavior in their cultural and bio-social development also known under somewhat vague and imprecise name of cultural-historical psychology.
Augusto Ponzio is an Italian semiologist and philosopher.
PsyAnima, Dubna Psychological Journal was a scientific journal that published articles on psychological theory, history, methodology, as well as empirical studies. Known mainly for the series of special thematic journal issues about Lev Vygotsky and his legacy and in cultural-historical psychology.
Marco Malvaldi is an Italian crime writer.
Leonid Vladimirovich Zankov — was a Soviet psychologist and defectologist, a member of Vygotsky Circle and a major administrator of scientific research in the Soviet Union.
Developmental neuropsychology combines the fields of neuroscience and developmental psychology, while drawing from various other related disciplines. It examines the relationship of behavior and brain function throughout the course of an individual's lifespan, though often emphasis is put on childhood and adolescence when the majority of brain development occurs. Research tends to focus on development of important behavioral functions like perception, language, and other cognitive processes. Studies in this field are often centered around children or other individuals with developmental disorders or various kinds of brain related trauma or injury. A key concept of this field is that looks at and attempts to relate the psychological aspects of development, such as behavior, comprehension, cognition, etc., to the specific neural structures; it draws parallels between behavior and mechanism in the brain. Research in this field involves various cognitive tasks and tests as well as neuroimaging. Some of the many conditions studied by developmental neuropsychologists include congenital or acquired brain damage, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit disorder, executive dysfunction, seizures, intellectual disabilities, obsessive compulsive disorder, stuttering, schizophrenia, developmental aphasia, and other learning delays such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyspraxia.
Luciano Bellosi was an Italian art historian.
Chiara Frugoni was an Italian historian and academic, specialising in the Middle Ages and church history. She was awarded the Viareggio Prize in 1994 for her essay, Francesco e l'invenzione delle stimmate.
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