The (Montreux) Convention regarding the Regime of the Straits, often known simply as the Montreux Convention, is an international agreement governing the Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits in Turkey. Signed on 20 July 1936 at the Montreux Palace in Switzerland, it went into effect on 9 November 1936, addressing the long running Straits Question over who should control the strategically vital link between the Black and Mediterranean seas.
The Ukrainian Navy was the maritime forces of Ukraine and one of the five branches of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
MT Independența ("Independence") was a large Romanian crude oil carrier. She collided in 1979 with a Greek freighter at the southern entrance of Bosphorus, Turkey, and exploded. She caught fire and grounded. Almost all of the tanker's crew members died. The wreck of the Independența burned for weeks, causing heavy air and sea pollution in the Istanbul area and the Sea of Marmara.
The MV Yasa Neslihan is a bulk cargo ship owned and operated by the Istanbul based Turkish company YA-SA Denizcilik A.Ş., a subsidiary of YA-SA Holding A.Ş., sailing under a Marshall Islands flag of convenience. She joined company's fleet on November 14, 2005.
Vinnytsia (U206) was an anti-submarine corvette of the Ukrainian Navy. Prior to joining the Ukrainian Navy she was a former KGB Border Guard patrol ship named Dnepr. In March 2014, she was seized by Russian soldiers and de facto came under control of the Russian Black Sea Fleet. The ship was returned to the Ukrainian Navy from Crimea on 19 April 2014.
MV Volgo-Balt 214 was a Panama-flagged Ukrainian general cargo ship, which sank in the Black Sea off the coast of Samsun, Turkey on 7 January 2019. Six of the thirteen crew members on board died while seven of them were rescued by the Turkish authorities and taken to hospital.
The MV Millennial Spirit is a Moldovan chemical tanker which transports diesel fuel. Built in 1974, the ship was previously known as MV Freyja under the ownership of an Icelandic shipping firm. It was shelled and its crew was forced to abandon ship in the Black Sea during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. According to Ukrainian officials, the ship was shelled by Russian warships.
The MV Namura Queen is a Japanese-owned, Panamanian-registered, and Philippine-operated bulk carrier cargo ship.
MV Banglar Samriddhi is a Bangladeshi bulk carrier built in 2018 which was struck by a missile in the Black Sea during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
MV Helt was a Panamanian-flagged, Estonian-owned general cargo ship which sank in the Black Sea off the coast of Odesa during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
MV Zhibek Zholy is a Russian bulk carrier cargo ship involved in a grain smuggling dispute during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. It has a gross tonnage of 5,686 GT and a deadweight of 7,000 DWT. It is 140 metres (460 ft) long and has a beam of 16.5 metres (54 ft).
The Black Sea Grain Initiative was an agreement among Russia, Ukraine, Turkey and the United Nations (UN) during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
MV Rubymar was a Belize-flagged Handymax-size bulk carrier cargo ship completed in 1997. She previously sailed under the names Ken Shin from 1997, Chatham Island from 2009, and Ikaria Island from 2020, before being renamed Rubymar. On 18 February 2024, the ship was struck by a Houthi anti-ship missile during the Red Sea crisis while carrying a cargo of fertilizer. After being adrift for weeks, the ship sank on 2 March as a result of the strike, becoming the first vessel lost due to a Houthi attack during the crisis. The wreck poses a risk to navigation of the Red Sea, and also has the potential to cause environmental damage due to the leakage of its oil and fertilizer.
Turkey
Majuro, Marshall Islands 
