Malabar Cancer Centre

Last updated
Malabar Cancer Centre, Thalassery
TypeCancer Care And Research center
DirectorDr. Satheesan B
Location, ,
India Flag of India.svg
Nickname MCC
Website http://www.mcc.kerala.gov.in/

Malabar Cancer Center (MCC), established at Kodiyeri near Thalassery in Kerala state, South India, is an autonomous centre under the government of Kerala. MCC is constituted as a Charitable Society under the Department of Power.

Thalassery Municipality in Kerala, India

Thalassery, formerly Tellicherry, is a commercial city on the Malabar Coast in Kannur district, in the state of Kerala, India, bordered by the districts of Mahé (Pondicherry), Kozhikode, Wayanad, Kasaragod and Kodagu (Karnataka). Thalassery municipality has a population just under 100,000. Thalassery has an area of 23.98 square kilometres (9.26 sq mi). It is 22 km south of the district headquarters in Kannur town. Thalassery is situated in an altitude ranging from 2.5m to 30m above mean sea-level.

Kerala State in southern India

Kerala is a state on the southwestern Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions. Spread over 38,863 km2 (15,005 sq mi), Kerala is the twenty-second largest Indian state by area. It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west. With 33,387,677 inhabitants as per the 2011 Census, Kerala is the thirteenth-largest Indian state by population. It is divided into 14 districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram. Malayalam is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state.

South India Group of Southern Indian states

South India is the area including the five Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana, as well as the three union territories of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Puducherry, occupying 19% of India's area. Covering the southern part of the peninsular Deccan Plateau, South India is bounded by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Arabian Sea in the west and the Indian Ocean in the south. The geography of the region is diverse with two mountain ranges–the Western and Eastern Ghats, bordering the plateau heartland. Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra, Periyar and Vaigai rivers are important non-perennial sources of water. Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Trivandrum, Coimbatore, Visakhapatnam, Madurai, Kozhikode and Kochi are the largest urban areas.

This project is envisaged to develop a hospital with all modern facilities for diagnosis and management of cancer patients, and is proposed to be constructed with financial assistance collected from various sources in Canada sponsored by M/s SNC Lavalin Inc., Canada.

Cancer disease of uncontrolled, unregulated and abnormal cell growth

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they can also have other causes. Over 100 types of cancers affect humans.

As token of constant service January 2001, and the therapeutic service was started from the 1 March 2001. Apart from the diagnostic procedures, the therapeutic services include chemotherapy, surgery and palliative treatment.

Chemotherapy treatment of cancer with one or more cytotoxic anti-neoplastic drugs

Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent, or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms. Chemotherapy is one of the major categories of the medical discipline specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer, which is called medical oncology.

A full-fledged blood bank with component separation facility is available along with the Radiation Oncology and medical imaging departments which are equipped with the Cobalt tele therapy machine, Brachy therapy machine, Radiotherapy Simulator and Multi Slice CT scanner unit.

The centre, once fully completed, is proposed to be one of the best cancer treatment centres in the country, catering at least half of the population of Kerala, particularly in the northern district of the state, and also people of the neighboring areas of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka with major departments like Medical Oncology, Radiation, oncology, Surgical Oncology, and Preventive Oncology. It also includes facilities of radiotherapy using linear accelerator, facility for bone marrow transplant, and all cancer-related investigatory facilities every year with an estimated patient visit of 70,000 per year.

Tamil Nadu State in Southern India

Tamil Nadu, formerly Madras State, is one of the 29 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri Mountains, the Meghamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean on the south. The state shares a maritime border with the nation of Sri Lanka.

Karnataka State in southern India

Karnataka is a state in the south western region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as the State of Mysore, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973. The state corresponds to the Carnatic region. The capital and largest city is Bangalore (Bengaluru).

Radiation Waves or particles propagating through space or through a medium, carrying energy

In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes:

www.mcc.kerala.gov.in

See also

Malabar cancer centre has recently started rapidarc ix (Varian) linear accelerator. The patients were started on linear accelerator machine from November 1, 2011, though officially it was inaugurated on 10 April by Chief minister of Kerala, Oommen Chandy. The centre routinely is treating cancer patients with IMRT (intensity-modulated radiotherapy), Rapidarc IMRT, 3DCRT (3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy) and IGRT (image-guided radiotherapy). The centre is an academic institution looking forward to participate in collaborative efforts both regionally and internationally. The centre has recently released its hospital based cancer registry report for the year 2010 (supported from Indian council of medical research).

This centre is guided under leadership of Director Dr Satheesan B, Surgical oncologist who is a great driving force behind all the research endeavours and academic activities at MCC.

The Department of Radiotherapy at MCC is well equipped with Rapidarc ix linear accelerator, telecobalt Elite 80, HDR microselectron, CMS –xio TPS Eclipse and Plato TPS, Simulix simulator, GE 4slice CT simulator and well equipped mould room with tissue compensator facilities.

The statistics show that around 900 cases are treated with external beam radiotherapy and around 150 cases receive Brachytherapy annually.

Courses conducted:

   1.BSc MRT (Medical Radiological Technology) affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences(KUHS)      for radiation technologists which is an integrated four-year course for becoming radiation technologists or dosimetrist.

Website: www.mcc.kerala.gov.in

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Radiation therapy therapy using ionizing radiation

Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator. Radiation therapy may be curative in a number of types of cancer if they are localized to one area of the body. It may also be used as part of adjuvant therapy, to prevent tumor recurrence after surgery to remove a primary malignant tumor. Radiation therapy is synergistic with chemotherapy, and has been used before, during, and after chemotherapy in susceptible cancers. The subspecialty of oncology concerned with radiotherapy is called radiation oncology.

External beam radiotherapy Treatment of cancer with ionized radiation

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is the most common form of radiotherapy. The patient sits or lies on a couch and an external source of ionizing radiation is pointed at a particular part of the body. In contrast to brachytherapy and unsealed source radiotherapy, in which the radiation source is inside the body, external beam radiotherapy directs the radiation at the tumour from outside the body. Orthovoltage ("superficial") X-rays are used for treating skin cancer and superficial structures. Megavoltage X-rays are used to treat deep-seated tumours, whereas megavoltage electron beams are typically used to treat superficial lesions extending to a depth of approximately 5 cm. X-rays and electron beams are by far the most widely used sources for external beam radiotherapy. A small number of centers operate experimental and pilot programs employing beams of heavier particles, particularly protons, owing to the rapid dropoff in absorbed dose beneath the depth of the target.

A radiation oncologist is a specialist physician who uses ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer. Radiation oncology is one of the three primary specialties, the other two being surgical and medical oncology, involved in the treatment of cancer. Radiation can be given as a curative modality, either alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy. It may also be used palliatively, to relieve symptoms in patients with incurable cancers. A radiation oncologist may also use radiation to treat some benign diseases, including benign tumors. In some countries, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are controlled by a single oncologist who is a "clinical oncologist". Radiation oncologists work closely with other physicians such as surgical oncologists, interventional radiologists, internal medicine subspecialists, and medical oncologists, as well as medical physicists and technicians as part of the multi-disciplinary cancer team.. Radiation oncologists undergo four years of oncology specific training whereas oncologists who deliver chemotherapy have two years of additional training in cancer care during fellowship after internal medicine residency in the United States.

A radiation therapist, therapeutic radiographer or radiotherapist is an allied health professional who works in the field of radiation oncology. Radiation therapists plan and administer radiation treatments to cancer patients in most Western countries including the United Kingdom, Australia, most European countries, and Canada, where the minimum education requirement is often a baccalaureate degree or postgraduate degrees in radiation therapy. Radiation therapists can also prescribe medications and radiation, interpret tests results, perform follow ups, reviews, and provide consultations to cancer patients in the United Kingdom and Ontario, Canada . In the United States, radiation therapists have a lower educational requirement and often require postgraduate education and certification in order to plan treatments.

Proton therapy A medical procedure most often used in the treatment of cancer.

In the field of medical procedures, proton therapy, or proton radiotherapy, is a type of particle therapy that uses a beam of protons to irradiate diseased tissue, most often in the treatment of cancer. The chief advantage of proton therapy over other types of external beam radiotherapy is that as a charged particle the dose is deposited over a narrow range of depth, and there is minimal entry, exit, or scattered radiation dose.

Tata Memorial Centre Hospital in Maharashtra, India

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The National Oncologic Institute or ION is a specialized hospital for cancer treatment, located in Panama City, Panama. Between August 2000 and March 2001, patients receiving radiation treatment for prostate cancer and cancer of the cervix received lethal doses of radiation, resulting in eight fatalities.

Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram building in India

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Radiation treatment planning

In radiotherapy, radiation treatment planning is the process in which a team consisting of radiation oncologists, radiation therapist, medical physicists and medical dosimetrists plan the appropriate external beam radiotherapy or internal brachytherapy treatment technique for a patient with cancer.

Tomotherapy

Tomotherapy is a type of radiation therapy in which the radiation is delivered slice-by-slice. HT is a form of computed tomography (CT) guided intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). HT machines are purpose built for IMRT and differ from IMRT delivered by conventional medical linear accelerators (LINACs) in a number of ways. The main difference is that in HT a narrow intensity modulated pencil beam is delivered from a rotating gantry while the patient is simultaneously moved through the bore, compared to the much wider intensity modulated beam and static patient in conventional IMRT. HT units are therefore better able to target treatment sites throughout the body without a pause for the patient to be moved and set-up differently.

Intraoperative radiation therapy, is the application of therapeutic levels of radiation to the tumor bed while the area is exposed during surgery. IORT is typically a component in the multidisciplinary treatment of locally advanced and recurrent cancer, in combination with external beam radiation, surgery and chemotherapy. As a growing trend in recent years, IORT can also be used in earlier stage cancers such as prostate and breast cancer.

Image-guided radiation therapy is the process of frequent two and three-dimensional imaging, during a course of radiation treatment, used to direct radiation therapy utilizing the imaging coordinates of the actual radiation treatment plan. The patient is localized in the treatment room in the same position as planned from the reference imaging dataset. An example of IGRT would include localization of a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) dataset with the planning computed tomography (CT) dataset from planning. IGRT would also include matching planar kilovoltage (kV) radiographs or megavoltage (MV) images with digital reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) from the planning CT. These two methods comprise the bulk of IGRT strategies currently employed circa 2013.

Intraoperative electron radiation therapy is the application of electron radiation directly to the residual tumor or tumor bed during cancer surgery. Electron beams are useful for intraoperative radiation treatment because, depending on the electron energy, the dose falls off rapidly behind the target site, therefore sparing underlying healthy tissue. IOERT has been called "precision radiotherapy," because the physician has direct visualization of the tumor and can exclude normal tissue from the field while protecting critical structures within the field and underlying the target volume. One advantage of IOERT is that it can be given at the time of surgery when microscopic residual tumor cells are most vulnerable to destruction. Also, IOERT is often used in combination with external beam radiotherapy (EBR) because it results in less integral doses and shorter treatment times.

Breast cancer management takes different approaches depending on physical and biological characteristics of the disease, as well as the age, over-all health and personal preferences of the patient. Treatment types can be classified into local therapy and systemic treatment. Local therapy is most efficacious in early stage breast cancer, while systemic therapy is generally justified in advanced and metastatic disease, or in diseases with specific phenotypes.

The Caritas Hospital is an Indian hospital in Thellakom under the Ettumanoor municipality in Kottayam district, Kerala, India. The hospital is run by the Syro-Malabar knanaya Catholic Archeparchy of Kottayam and is registered as a charitable organisation. Caritas Hospital has grown from a 50-bedded hospital to 635-beds over the years.

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Ismailia Teaching Oncology Hospital is a teaching hospital, affiliated to the general organization for teaching hospitals and institutes, Egypt. It represents the eighth specialized cancer hospital in Egypt, serving 4,500,000 people residing in the Suez Canal region, Sinea, Sharkiyah, and Eastern Cairo regions.

National University Cancer Institute, Singapore Hospital in Singapore, Singapore

The National University Cancer Institute, Singapore is the country's second national specialty centre under the National University Health System (NUHS) for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care of cancer. It is the only public cancer centre in Singapore treating both paediatric and adult cancers in one facility.

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