Malatestiana Library

Last updated
Malatestiana Library
Sala del Nuti 6.jpg
Sala (hall) del Nuti of Malatestiana Library
Malatestiana Library
General information
AddressPiazza Maurizio Bufalini 1
Town or cityCesena
CountryItaly
Coordinates 44°08′20″N12°14′38″E / 44.13889°N 12.24389°E / 44.13889; 12.24389
Completed1452
Opened15 August 1454

The Malatestiana Library (Italian : Biblioteca Malatestiana), also known as the Malatesta Novello Library, is a public library in the city of Cesena in northern Italy. Purpose-built from 1447 to 1452 and opened in 1454, and named after the local aristocrat Malatesta Novello, it is significant for being the first civic library in Europe, i.e. belonging to the commune rather than the church or a noble family, and open to the general public. The library was inscribed in UNESCO's Memory of the World Register in 2005.

Contents

History and influence

The building and creation of the library was commissioned by the Lord of Cesena, Malatesta Novello. Construction was directed by Matteo Nuti from Fano (a pupil of Leon Battista Alberti) and lasted from 1447 to 1452. At Novello's direction, the books were owned by the commune of Cesena, not the monastery or the family. [1] Because of this governing structure, the collection was not dispersed like many monastic libraries. [2]

In 2005 UNESCO included the Library in the Memory of the World Programme Register. [3]

Facility

Entrance to the aula (Aula del Nuti). Biblioteca malatestiana, ingresso 01.JPG
Entrance to the aula (Aula del Nuti).

The Malatestiana Library is one of the very few libraries (another one is the Librije in Zutphen, Netherlands) in the world of the so-called humanistic-conventual type, which blends humanistic principles with architecture otherwise reserved for religious buildings, and has preserved its structure, fittings and codices since its opening more than 550 years ago. The main doorway was the work of sculptor Agostino di Duccio (1418–1481). The walnut door at the main entrance dates back to 1454 and was carved by the artist Cristoforo from San Giovanni in Persiceto.

Inside, the library features geometric design, typical of the early Italian Renaissance style. The aula has the layout of a basilica (reflecting the importance of the library as a "temple of culture"), with three naves divided by ten rows of white columns made from local stone; there are eleven bays in each aisle, which are pole vaulted. The central nave is barrel vaulted and ends with a rose under which is the gravestone of Malatesta Novello.

The fittings are composed of 58 desks, with coat of arms at the sides. The light comes in through the 44 Venetian style windows, which were purpose designed to provide ideal lighting for reading.

Holdings

A medieval manuscript Biblioteca Malatestiana IMG 7271.jpg
A medieval manuscript

The library has over 400,000 books, including over 340 codices covering various fields such as religion, Greek and Latin classics, sciences and medicine, and about 3,200 manuscripts from the 16th century. [2] The oldest manuscript in the library is a copy of Isidore's Etymologiae . [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cesena</span> Comune in Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Cesena is a city and comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy, served by Autostrada A14, and located near the Apennine Mountains, about 15 kilometres from the Adriatic Sea. The total population is 97,137.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua</span> Marquis of Mantua from 1444 to 1478

Ludovico III Gonzaga of Mantua, known as the Turk, also spelled Lodovico was the ruler of the Italian city of Mantua from 1444 to his death in 1478.

This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in the 15th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vatican Library</span> Library of the Holy See in Vatican City

The Vatican Apostolic Library, more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City, and is the city-state's national library. It was formally established in 1475, although it is much older—it is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. It has 75,000 codices from throughout history, as well as 1.1 million printed books, which include some 8,500 incunabula.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fano</span> Comune in Marche, Italy

Fano[ˈfaːno] is a town and comune of the province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region of Italy. It is a beach resort 12 kilometres southeast of Pesaro, located where the Via Flaminia reaches the Adriatic Sea. It is the third city in the region by population after Ancona and Pesaro.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Codex Aureus of Lorsch</span>

The Codex Aureus of Lorsch or Lorsch Gospels is an illuminated Gospel Book written in Latin between 778 and 820, roughly coinciding with the period of Charlemagne's rule over the Frankish Empire. Both the manuscript and the carved ivory panels from the cover are rare and important survivals from the art of this period.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bavarian State Library</span> State library of Bavaria

The Bavarian State Library in Munich is the central "Landesbibliothek", i. e. the state library of the Free State of Bavaria, the biggest universal and research library in Germany and one of Europe's most important universal libraries. With its collections currently comprising around 10.89 million books, it ranks among the leading research libraries worldwide. The Bayerische Staatsbibliothek furthermore is Europe's second-largest journals library. Furthermore, its historical holdings encompass one of the most important manuscript collections of the world, the largest collection of incunabula worldwide, as well as numerous further important special collections. Its collection of historical prints before 1850 totals almost one million units.

Antonio de Noli was a 15th-century Genoese nobleman and navigator, and the first governor of the earliest European overseas colony in Subsaharan Africa. He discovered some of the Cape Verde islands on behalf of Henry the Navigator and he was made first Governor of Cape Verde by King Afonso V. In most history or geographic books, including ancient chronicles, or encyclopedias, he is referred as Antonio de Noli. In Italy, he is known also as Antonio da Noli or sometimes referred as Antoniotto Usodimare.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Malatesta</span> Italian family

The House of Malatesta was an Italian family that ruled over Rimini from 1295 until 1500, as well as other lands and towns in Romagna and holding high positions in the government of cities in present day Tuscany, Lombardy and Marche. The dynasty is considered among the most important and influential of the Late Middle Ages. In the period of maximum influence, they extended their domains along the Marche coast, up to Ascoli Piceno, Senigallia, Sansepolcro and Citerna, and to the north, on the territories of Bergamo and Brescia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azeglio Vicini</span> Italian footballer (1933–2018)

Azeglio Vicini was an Italian football coach and player, who also served as the President of the Technical Sector of the Italian Football Federation (FIGC).

The decade of the 1450s in art involved many significant events, especially in sculpture.

The Trent Codices are a collection of seven large music manuscripts compiled around the middle of the 15th century, currently kept in the northern Italian city of Trent. They contain mostly sacred vocal music composed between 1400 and 1475. Containing more than 1,500 separate musical compositions by 88 different named composers, as well as a huge amount of anonymous music, they are the largest and most significant single manuscript source from the entire century from anywhere in Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Biblioteca Estense</span>

The Biblioteca Estense, was the family library of the marquis and dukes of Este. The exact date of the library's birth is still under speculation, however it is known for certain that the library was in use during the fourteenth century. Whilst it was greatly enriched during the Renaissance years in Ferrara, the library was concretely established in Modena in the beginning of the seventeenth century. It is known as one of the most important libraries in Italy. The library is located, along with the Galleria Estense directly below its collection of artworks, in the Palazzo dei Musei in Modena.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malatesta Novello</span> Italian condottiero

Domenico Malatesta, best known as Malatesta Novello was an Italian condottiero, a member of the Malatesta family.

Pasquale Orsini is an Italian palaeographer, librarian, and Professor from Università di Catania-Siracusa.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Codex Madrid (Leonardo)</span> Manuscripts by Leonardo da Vinci discovered in Madrid, Spain in 1965

The Madrid Codices I–II, are two manuscripts by Leonardo da Vinci which were discovered in the Biblioteca Nacional de España in Madrid in 1965 by Dr. Jules Piccus, Language Professor at the University of Massachusetts. The Madrid Codices I was finished during 1490 and 1499, and II from 1503 to 1505.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Biblioteca Palafoxiana</span> 17th century library in Puebla, Mexico

The Biblioteca Palafoxiana is a library in Puebla City's historic centre, in the Mexican state of Puebla. Founded in 1646, it is recognized by the UNESCO for being the first and oldest public library in the Americas, It has more than 45,000 books and manuscripts, ranging from the 15th to the 20th century. In 2005, it was listed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castello Malatestiana, Longiano</span>

The Castello Malatestiano or Rocca Malatestiana of the town of Longiano is a hill-top castle in the center of this town in the province of Forlì-Cesena in the region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.

The Chiesa dell'Osservanza or Santa Maria Annunziata dell'Osservanza is a Gothic-style, Roman Catholic church located in Viale Osservanza #198 in Cesena, region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.

References

  1. "Memory of the World RegisteR: Nomination Form: The Malatesta Novello Library" (PDF). UNESCO. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  2. 1 2 "Istituzione Biblioteca Malatestiana". Consortium of European Research Libraries. 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  3. "The Malatesta Novello Library". United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. 2005. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  4. "La Biblioteca Malatestiana: Europe's first public library". Travel Thru History. Archived from the original on 9 April 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2014.

44°08′20″N12°14′38″E / 44.13889°N 12.24389°E / 44.13889; 12.24389