| Mallotus plicatus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Mallotus |
| Species: | M. plicatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Mallotus plicatus | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
Mallotus plicatus is a tree or shrub in the Euphorbiaceae family, in the Polyadenii section. [2] It occurs in much of Mainland Southeast Asia. It is used for dyeing and in construction.
A tree or shrub, growing from 5 to 15m tall. [3] The twigs can be flattened or round at nodes. [2] The leaves are alternate with the majority pseudo-opposite, terminally grouped, not peltate and in the leaf pairs are unequal but the same shape, the reduced leaves have petioles. Leaves are more than twice as long as they are wide. The base of the leaves can be oblique or not, triple-veined/palmate and flat. The leaves are odourless. Dried leaves are brownish. Glands are clavately shaped. The leaf margin is dentate to serrate, and has glands. The leaf apex is acute. Upper surface of the leaf is glabrous, basally has more than 2 macular glands. Indument simple and stellate, on the petioles the induments are short (<1mm) and dense. The ovate stipules are early caducous, not interpetiolar, with a length less than 4 times the width and a margin with short hairs less than 1mm. The petioles lack an adaxial groove and glands, are 1–5 cm in length, are apically pulvinate, when dried the petioles are basally not constricted. The fruit are smooth, indehiscent, 3-locular, with winged carpels, seeds are caducous, brownish with a smooth coat.
The tree occurs commonly in evergreen and mixed deciduous forests and forest edges, and on river banks. [4] It grows at altitude from 40 to 150m. Flowering occurs from May to September, while fruit occurs from May to July. In Cambodia the species is described occurring in secondary formations and particularly abundant along river and in flooded forests of the Tonlé Sap region of Cambodia. [3]
The species occurs in the following countries of Mainland Southeast Asia: Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar. [1] There is some doubt of its presence in Peninsular Malaysia.
In Khmer the plant is variously known as chumpu:, chrolu:ëk préi, chhkaèng or chrâkaéng tûëy. [3]
The bark of Mallotus plicatus is used to obtain a dye, while the wood is valued as a construction timber. [3] The bark contains compounds that shows some inhibitory activity against Herpes simplex . [5]
Herbert Kenneth Airy Shaw (1902–85), an English botanist, described the species in 1962, in the Kew Bulletin. [6]
Additional information can be found in the following: [1]
Antidesma is a genus of tropical plant in the family Phyllanthaceae formally described by Linnaeus in 1753. It is native to tropical Africa, S + E + SE Asia, Australia, and various oceanic islands. The greatest diversity occurs in Southeast Asia.
Mallotus is a genus of the spurge family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1790. Two species are found in tropical Africa and Madagascar. All the other species are found in East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, eastern Australia, and certain islands of the western Pacific. The genus has about 150 species of dioecious trees or shrubs.
Sampantaea amentiflora is a plant species of the family Euphorbiaceae, first described as a genus in 1972. The genus Sampantaea is monotypic and found in Thailand and Cambodia.
Spathiostemon is a genus of trees in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is native to the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Wallacea and Southeast Asia. The trees grow between 10 and 20m tall, often in secondary forest. The wood is sometimes used.
Mallotus cumingii is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, occurring in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. It is a shrub or small tree growing to 25 m (82 ft) tall.
Syndyophyllum is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae, first described as a genus in 1900. It is native to Sumatra, Borneo, and New Guinea.
Breynia is a plant genus in the family Phyllanthaceae, first described in 1776. It is native to Southeast Asia, China, the Indian Subcontinent, Papuasia, Australia, and the island of Réunion.
Mallotus tetracoccus, also known as the rusty kamala, is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a tree species found in parts of south Asia, typically occurring in the edges of tropical wet evergreen and semi-evergreen forests.
Actephila excelsa is a species of shrub in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is native to an area in Tropical Asia and Zhōngguó/China, from Sulawesi to India and Guangxi. It is a highly variable species and leaf forms vary across adjacent ecozones. The plant is used in building houses and as a vegetable. Grey-shanked douc langurs eat the leaves.
Agrostistachys indica is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known in Singapore as the leaf litter plant. The species is widespread across much of Southeast Asia as well as New Guinea, India, and Sri Lanka.
The climbing liana, sometimes a shrub, Mallotus repandus, is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae, or spurge, family. It is native to Tropical and Sub-tropical Asia, Wallacea, New Guinea and Queensland on the Australian continent and New Caledonia.
Mallotus floribundus is a tree in the family Euphorbiaceae, in the Stylanthus section, native to Southeast Asia, Wallaceae, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.
Spathiostemon javensis is a plant that can grow as a shrub or a tree in the tribe Acalypheae of the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the region from the Bismarck Archipelago to New Guinea, Wallacea and into Southeast Asia. It is often common in the understorey of forests. The wood is used in constructions.
Spathiostemon moniliformis is a plant that can grow as a shrub or a tree in the Euphorbiaceae family, Acalypheae tribe. It is endemic to southern/peninsular Thailand.
Pantadenia adenanthera is a shrub in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is found in parts of Southeast Asia. The species is used for its wood and edible fruit.
Aporosa octandra is a species of plant in the family Phyllanthaceae found from Queensland and New Guinea to Indonesia, Zhōngguó/China and India. It is a highly variable plant with 4 named varieties. Its wood is used in construction and to make implements, its fruit is edible. The Karbi people of Assam use the plant for dyeing, textile colours have quite some significance in their culture.
Aporosa tetrapleura is a species of plant in the family Phyllanthaceae found in Cambodia and Vietnam. The wood is used in house and cattle barn construction and as firewood.
Senegalia megaladena is a spiny climber, shrub or tree, native to Jawa, and from mainland Southeast Asia to China and India. It is eaten as a vegetable and used as a fish poison. It is named after its distinctive large gland on the petioles.
Uvaria dulcis is a species of woody climber in the Annonaceae family. It is found in tropical Asia, in a disjunctive distribution, eastern Indonesia, Jawa, and then Mainland Southeast Asia. The plant has an edible fruit, which in Khmer language has the colourful name triël dâhs krabéi.
Cleistanthus hylandii, commonly known as Bernie's Cleistanthus, is an evergreen plant in the family Phyllanthaceae which is endemic to Cape York Peninsula in far northern Queensland, Australia.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of February 2024 (link)