Mangave

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Mangaves
190908 083 Chicago Botanic Gdn - English Walled Gdn, x Mangave 'Mission to Mars', x Mangave 'Inca Warrior', Manfreda undulata 'Mint Chocolate Chip', Plectranthus 'Wasabi' Coleus (48861503391).jpg
Mangave cultivars in the Chicago Botanic Garden
Genus Agave
Cultivar group mangaves (informal name)

Mangaves are plants formerly given the nothogenus name × Mangave. They are derived from hybridizing species in the genus Agave and the former genus Manfreda. Manfreda is now included in Agave, so the scientific name is obsolete. Mangaves are often employed as ornamental plants in dry environments, as they possess traits of durability found in both parents. [1] [2] Around 30–40 cultivars were available as of 2020.

Contents

Development

The name × Mangave was first coined in 2005 by Tony Avent of Plant Delights Nursery and Carl Schoenfeld and Wade Roitsch of Yucca Do Nursery to describe two plants growing at Yucca Do Nursery in Hempstead, Texas. The plants originated from seed collected as Manfreda in the wild in Northern Mexico that were growing adjacent to plants of Agave mitis (A. celsii). Only two seedlings from the original seed batch were hybrids. [3] [4] Another cultivar of the plant, 'Bloodspot', was the product of breeding Agave maculata (then known as Manfreda maculosa) and Agave macroacantha in Japan. [5] [6]

Around the same time that 'Bloodspot' was being developed, these crosses were being made by others including Dr. John Lindstrom of the University of Arkansas and Tony Avent of Plant Delights Nursery/Juniper Level Botanic Garden in Raleigh, North Carolina. Two breakthroughs in the development of the hybrids came when Hans Hansen of Shady Oaks Nursery in Minnesota became the first person to successfully micropropagate mangaves. [7] Both 'Bloodspot' and 'Macha Mocha' were tissue cultured in vitro, resulting in both becoming more widespread in cultivation. Tissue culture also resulted in two new cultivars derived from a mutation of 'Macho Mocha'. These were named 'Espresso' and 'Cappucino'.

Upon moving from Minnesota to Michigan to become a plant breeder for Walters Gardens, Hans Hansen dived deeper into mangave breeding, creating over 40 cultivars as of 2018.

Description

Mangaves resemble compact, symmetrical agaves with succulent leaves. They typically grow to 8–24 in (20–60 cm) high and up to 18 in (50 cm) wide, [7] although some can grow up to 4 ft (120 cm) high and 6 ft (180 cm) wide. [8] The leaves of the plant are stiff, sometimes fragile, and variable in foliage color and patterns. Mangaves flower in June and July, producing brown flowers. [5]

Mangaves inherit the drought-resisting traits of their parent plants. They can resist high temperatures and direct sunlight, but prefer shade. The plant can survive below freezing temperatures, but can become damaged if the temperature drops below -6 degrees Celsius. [5] Although their drought resistance makes them particularly desirable plants in hot, dry places such as California, they can also be cultivated in parts of countries like the United Kingdom. They lack the dangerous spines of many species of Agave. [7]

Cultivars

About 30 cultivars were available as of November 2020. [7] These include:

Related Research Articles

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<i>Agave victoriae-reginae</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Agave shawii</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Yucca rostrata</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Agave</i> Genus of flowering plants closely related to yucca

Agave is a genus of monocots native to the hot and arid regions of the Americas, although some Agave species are also native to tropical areas of South America. The genus Agave is primarily known for its succulent and xerophytic species that typically form large rosettes of strong, fleshy leaves. Agave now includes species formerly placed in a number of other genera, such as Manfreda, ×Mangave, Polianthes and Prochnyanthes.

Plant Delights Nursery is a mail order plant nursery based in Raleigh, North Carolina, specializing in herbaceous perennials, and owned by Tony Avent and partner Anita Avent. Plant Delights Nursery was established in 1988 by plantsman Tony Avent and currently operates on the 28-acre campus of Juniper Level Botanic Gardens.

Tony Avent is an American horticulturist and plantsman. He and wife and business partner, Anita Avent, own Plant Delights Nursery and Juniper Level Botanic Garden in Raleigh, North Carolina. In addition, he is a well-known plant explorer, author and public speaker.

<i>Dracaena pinguicula</i> Species of flowering plant

Dracaena pinguicula, synonym Sansevieria pinguicula, also known as the walking sansevieria, is a xerophytic CAM succulent native to the Bura area of Kenya, near Garissa. The species was described by Peter René Oscar Bally in 1943.

<i>Echeveria agavoides</i> Species of succulent

Echeveria agavoides, or lipstick echeveria, is a species of flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae, native to rocky areas of Mexico, notably the states of San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Guanajuato and Durango.

<i>Agave murpheyi</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Agave filifera</i> Species of flowering plant

Agave filifera, the thread agave, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to Central Mexico from Querétaro to Mexico State. It is a small or medium-sized succulent plant that forms stemless rosette up to 3 feet (90 cm) across and up to 2 feet (60 cm) tall. The leaves are dark green to a bronzish-green in color and have very ornamental white bud imprints. The flower stalk is up to 11.5 feet tall and is densely loaded with yellowish-green to dark purple flowers up to 2 inches (5 cm) long. Flowers appear in autumn and winter.

<i>Agave stricta</i> Species of flowering plant

Agave stricta, the hedgehog agave, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to Puebla and Oaxaca in Southern Mexico. Growing to 50 cm (20 in) tall, it is an evergreen succulent with rosettes of narrow spiny leaves producing erect racemes, 2 m (7 ft) long, of reddish purple flowers in summer. The foliage may develop a red tinge in the summer. The plant is also known to produce pincushion-like offsets as it grows.

<i>Agave macroacantha</i> Species of flowering plant

Agave macroacantha, the black-spined agave or large-thorned agave, is a species of succulent flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae naturally occurring in Oaxaca and also near the town of Tehuacan in the State of Puebla, Mexico.

<i>Agave scabra</i> Species of flowering plant

Agave scabra, also known as rough leaved agave, is a member of the subfamily Agavoideae.

<i>Agave xylonacantha</i> Species of flowering plant

Agave xylonacantha is a plant species native to Hidalgo, Tamaulipas, Guanajuato and Queretaro in Mexico, but commonly cultivated as an ornamental on other regions. A. xylonacantha is an easy-to-grow member of the genus Agave. The specific epithet 'xylonacantha' means "wood spines".

<i>Yucca coahuilensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Yucca coahuilensis is a plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to grasslands of southern Texas and northern Coahuila. It has a basal rosette of stiff, very narrow leaves, and an inflorescence up to 2.5 m tall, bearing creamy white flowers.

Agave sileri is a species known only from coastal areas in the States of Texas and Tamaulipas. It grows on open locations with clay soil, at elevations below 100 m. Siler's tuberose is a common name.

<i>Agave parrasana</i> species of plant in the family Asparagaceae

Agave parrasana, the cabbage head agave or cabbage head century plant, is a flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae. A slow-growing evergreen succulent from North East Mexico, it produces a compact rosette of fleshy thorn-tipped grey-green leaves, 60 cm tall and wide. The leaves are blue green and the thorns are red. The whole plant may reach 100 centimeters tall and wide. Occasionally mature plants produce a spectacular flower head up to 6m tall, opening red and turning yellow. This signals the death of the flowering rosette, however offsets may form and continue growing.

<i>Agave titanota</i> Species of flowering plant

Agave titanota, the chalk agave, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae. It is a medium-sized evergreen succulent perennial native to Oaxaca, Mexico. It often reaches 1-2 feet tall and 2-3 feet wide.

References

  1. ↑ Hatch, Laurence C. (2017-04-22). International Register of Ornamental Plant Cultivars:: OROC Book IV: Hardy Herbaceous Perennials. Cultivar.org.
  2. ↑ Calhoun, Scott (2012-11-09). Designer Plant Combinations: 105 Stunning Gardens Using Six Plants or Fewer. Storey Publishing. ISBN   9781603420044.
  3. ↑ "Mangave Macho Mocha". Plant Delights Nursery. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
  4. ↑ "x Mangave 'Macho Mocha' gets the favorite plant title this week…". www.thedangergarden.com. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "x Mangave cv. Bloodspot". www.llifle.com. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
  6. ↑ Inc., Walters Gardens. "Mad About Mangave® Collection | Walters Gardens, Inc". www.waltersgardens.com. Retrieved 2018-10-09.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Perry, Michael (November 2020), "What are mangaves?", The Garden, 145 (11): 46–47
  8. 1 2 "Mangave 'Macho Mocha', Mangave, Succulent, [Manfreda 'Macho Mocha', Agave hybrid]". Plant Information. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
  9. ↑ "Mangave 'Cappuccino'". Plant Delights Nursery, Inc. Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  10. ↑ "Mangave 'Espresso'". Plant Delights Nursery, Inc. Retrieved 2021-02-04.
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