Manley Dixon

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Sir Manley Dixon
British School - Vice-Admiral Sir Manley Dixon (1757-1837) - BHC2660 - Royal Museums Greenwich.jpg
Dixon as a vice-admiral
Born(1757-01-03)January 3, 1757
DiedFebruary 8, 1837(1837-02-08) (aged 80) [1]
Exmouth, Devon
AllegianceFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Service/branchNaval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy
Commands held South America Station
Plymouth Command
Battles/wars American Revolutionary War [ citation needed ]
French Revolutionary Wars
Napoleonic Wars
Awards Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath

Admiral Sir Manley Dixon, KCB (3 January 1757; 8 February 1837) [1] was a prominent Royal Navy officer during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Born into a military family in the late 1750s or early 1760s, Dixon joined the Navy and served as a junior officer in the American Revolutionary War [ citation needed ], gaining an independent command in the last year of the war. Promoted to captain seven years later[ citation needed ], Dixon then served in the French Revolutionary Wars in the Channel Fleet and off Ireland until 1798, when he gained command of the 64-gun HMS Lion with the Mediterranean Fleet. Employed in the blockade of Cartagena, on 15 July 1798 Lion fought four Spanish frigates and successfully captured one, Santa Dorothea.[ citation needed ] Transferred to the Siege of Malta later the same year, Dixon remained off the island for two years, capturing the French ship of the line Guillaume Tell at the action of 31 March 1800.[ citation needed ] After the Peace of Amiens, Dixon remained in various active commands but saw no action and later retired, advancing to a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath and a full admiral.

Contents

Life

According to various sources[ citation needed ], Manley Dixon was born in either 1757 or 1760 into a military family: his brother George W. Dixon became a British Army Major-General serving with the Royal Artillery.[ citation needed ] Joining the Navy at a young age, Dixon served throughout the American Revolutionary War [ citation needed ] and by 1782 was a commander with the sloop HMS Jamaica in the Caribbean and the following year took over HMS Tobago. He saw little service during the peace of 17831793, although in 1790 he was promoted to post captain. His daughter Frances Elizabeth Dixon was born in 1784 [2] and his son Manley Hall Dixon was born in 1786. [3] In 1793 Dixon took command of the sixth rate HMS Porcupine off Ireland and later moved to the frigate HMS Espion in the Channel Fleet. In 1798, Dixon sailed in the 64-gun ship of the line HMS Lion for the Mediterranean Fleet under Vice-Admiral Earl St Vincent based in the Tagus. There he was assigned to the blockade of Cartagena and on 15 July 1798 fought an action against four Spanish frigates, successfully dividing the squadron and capturing the Santa Dorothea. [4]

Later in the year, Lion was attached to the squadron blockading Valletta during the Siege of Malta, remaining on the station for two years. In March 1800, the French ship of the line Guillaume Tell attempted to break out of Valletta and was intercepted by a British squadron including Lion. During the ensuing battle Dixon was heavily engaged and inflicted severe damage on his French opponent, which was eventually forced to surrender.[ citation needed ] In August 1802 during the Peace of Amiens, Lion returned to Portsmouth and Dixon was briefly placed in reserve. [4]

When the Napoleonic Wars broke out in 1803, Dixon returned to service as captain of the 74-gun HMS Sceptre and in 1804 transferred to HMS Queen in the Channel Fleet.[ citation needed ] In 1808 he was promoted to rear-admiral and raised his flag in HMS Temeraire in the Baltic Sea. In 1810 [5] his first wife Christiana Sophia Dixon died suddenly while at dinner with friends in Deal. In 1812 he was transferred to the Brazilian station in HMS Montagu and remained there until the end of the war, receiving a promotion to vice-admiral in 1813 and returning to Britain in 1815 on board HMS Valiant.[ citation needed ] Entering semi-retirement, Dixon did not return to the Navy and although he was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in August 1819 and was promoted to full admiral in 1825, he never again commanded at sea. He was Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth from 1830 to 1833. [6] Admiral Dixon died in February 1837 of influenza at his home in Exmouth, Devon. [4]

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References

  1. 1 2 "Sir Manley Dixon (1757-1838)". Three Decks' Forum. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. 1 2 3 The Gentleman's Magazine, July 1837, p. 207
  5. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. "Principal Royal Navy Commanders-in-Chief 1830-1899". pdavis.nl.

Bibliography

Military offices
Preceded by Commander-in-Chief, Plymouth
18301833
Succeeded by