Massimo Introvigne (born June 14,1955) is an Italian sociologist of religion,[1] author,and intellectual property attorney. He is a co-founder and the managing director of the Center for Studies on New Religions (CESNUR),a Turin-based nonprofit organization which has been described as "the highest profile lobbying and information group for controversial religions".[2]
Swedish academic Per Faxneld[sv],writing for Reading Religion,described Introvigne as "one of the major names in the study of new religions."[20] In their 2023 book Satanism:A Reader,Faxneld and Johan Nilsson characterized Introvigne as one of the "founding fathers" of Satanist studies.[21] Sociologist Roberto Cipriani has called Introvigne "one of the Italian sociologists of religion most well-known abroad,and among the world's leading scholars of new religious movements".[22] In George D. Chryssides's Historical Dictionary of New Religious Movements,Introvigne is noted to be "regarded as a cult apologist" by members of the anticult movement.[9]
In 2001,sociologist Stephen A. Kent described Introvigne as a "persistent critic of any national attempts to identify or curtail so-called 'cults'",[2] arguing that "he advocates doctrinaire positions that favour groups like Scientology" and that "on [CESNUR's] web page Introvigne intermingles ideological positions within solid research and information".[2] In the mid-1990s,Introvigne testified on behalf of Scientologists in a criminal trial in Lyon.[2] After Introvigne was critical of the publication of the 1995 report on cults by the French government,investigative journalist Serge Faubert[fr] described Introvigne as a "cult apologist",saying he was tied to the Alleanza Cattolica and Silvio Berlusconi's then ruling party.[23] Introvigne responded that his scholarly and political activities were not connected.[24]
Introvigne has written on the concept of brainwashing,which he does not believe is real and has described it as a myth. In a 1997 interview with the Journal de Genève et Gazette de Lausanne,he said that some groups do practice "dishonest and deceptive techniques or to denigrating propaganda regarding other religious experiences",and that some groups should be monitored but that this must not risk religious freedom.[25][26] CESNUR published the Encyclopedia of Religion in Italy in 2001,of which Introvigne was the main author.[16][9] Journalist and Scientology-critic Tony Ortega penned a series of 2018/19 articles criticizing The Journal of CESNUR as an unreliable "apologist journal".[27][28][29][30]
Personal life
Introvigne is a Roman Catholic.[31] Introvigne is also director of CESPOC,the Center for the Study of Popular Culture.[32][9] He was the Italian director of the Transylvanian Society of Dracula,which included the leading academic scholars in the field of the literary and historical study of vampire myth.[33][34] In 1997,J. Gordon Melton and Introvigne organized an event at the Westin Hotel in Los Angeles where 1,500 attendees came dressed as vampires for a "creative writing contest,Gothic rock music and theatrical performances".[33]
Introvigne has been married twice and has four children.[35]
Bibliography
—— (1989). Le nuove Religioni (in Italian). Milan: SugarCo. ISBN88-7198-090-5.
—— (1989). Lo spiritismo (in Italian). Leumann: Editrice Elle Di Ci. ISBN88-0115-866-1.
—— (1990). I nuovi culti: Dagli Hare Krishna alla Scientologia (in Italian). Milano: Mondadori. ISBN88-0434-057-6.
—— (1990). Il cappello del mago: i nuovi movimenti magici dallo spiritismo al satanismo (in Italian). Milan: SugarCo. ISBN88-7198-021-2.
——; Mayer, Jean-François; Zucchini, Ernesto (1990). I nuovi movimenti religiosi: Sette cristiane e nuovi culti (in Italian). Leumann: Editrice Elle Di Ci. ISBN88-0114-260-9.
—— (1991). Les Mormons (in French). Turnhout: Brepols. ISBN2-503-50063-3.
—— (1993). Il ritorno dello gnosticismo (in Italian). Milan: SugarCo. ISBN88-7198-216-9.
—— (1995). Idee che uccidono: Jonestown, Waco, il Tempio Solare (in Italian). Milan: Mimep-Docete. ISBN88-86242-10-7.
—— (1996). Les Veilleurs de l'Apocalypse: Millénarisme et nouvelles religions au seuil de l'an 2000 (in French). Claire Vigne. ISBN2-84193-024-6.
——; Melton, J. Gordon, eds. (1996). Pour en finir avec les sectes: Le débat sur le rapport de la commission parlementaire (in French). Dervy. ISBN88-8523-711-8.
—— (1997). Enquête sur le Satanisme: Satanistes et antisatanistes du XVIIe siècle à nos jours (in French). Translated by Baillet, Philipp. Paris: Éditions Dervy. ISBN2-85-076814-6.
—— (2022). Sacred Eroticism: Tantra and Eros in the Movement for Spiritual Integration into the Absolute (MISA). Milan: Mimesis International. ISBN978-8-86-977374-7.
Rigel-Cellard, Bernadette; ——, eds. (2022). La Scientology: Sur la scène religieuse et sociale contemporaine (in Northern Frisian). Louvain-la-Neuve: EME Editions. ISBN978-2-80-663769-7.
↑ Introvigne, Massimo (2021). "Scientology Studies 2.0, Utopia or Opportunity?". Implicit Religion. 23 (2). doi:10.1558/imre.42092. Tony Ortega of the anti-Scientology The Underground Bunker reviewed Kent's article under the title 'Apologist Journal Smacked Down by Best Ever Scientology Prof - and with Bunker Assist,' where the 'best ever Scientology prof' is Kent and the 'Bunker assist' refers to Ortega's claim that he had assisted Kent in preparing the text. Ortega stated that 'CESNUR has long been a joke and so we rarely pay it any mind,' that our journal is 'a pathetic excuse for an academic journal' covered with 'the fake patina of academic uprightness,' and that thanks to Kent's article CESNUR now 'squeals after being so cleanly stuck on a spit'
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