Mazowiecka street is a path in the city of Bydgoszcz, Poland. Its buildings still display a mix of eclectic architectural facades as well as highlight the important urban industrialisation in the history of the city.
A map of Bromberg dated 1876[3] depicts the pathway, without any naming nor plots. Two years later, the city address book makes the first reference to 8 buildings on Heinestraße.[1] The development of the street has been gradual and eventually achieved in 1910.[2]
The street bore the following names through its existence:[4]
19th century - 1920, Heinestraße or Heynestraße. Friedrich Hermann Heyne (1813–1856) was the Bürgermeister of Bromberg from 1845 to 1856,[5] at a time of dynamic economic development, in particular with the opening of the city to the network of the Prussian Eastern Railway.
German occupation (1939 - 1945), Memel straße,[6] in reference to the Memel Territory (German: Memelland), the northernmost part of the German province of East Prussia.
1920 - 1939 and since 1945, Ulica Mazowiecka .
The current appellation refers to the historical region of Mazovia, in mid-north-eastern Poland. It spans the North European Plain, roughly between Łódź and Białystok.
Tenement at 51 Pomorska Street, corner with Mazowiecka street
The facade of the building, recently renovated, displays nice neoclassical features, mirroring the abutting tenement at Nr.49, with a bit more motifs: pilasters, tympanum on Mazowiecka street and a corner facade with balustrade, topped by round ornaments.
Facade on Pomorska street
Corner detail
Detail of window adorning
Tenement at 53 Pomorska Street, corner with Mazowiecka street
Initial address was Heinestraße 2. The Bräuer family lived there from the erection of the tenement in the 1880s[8] until World War I.
Corner view
View from Mazowiecka street
Detail of a cartouche
The gate and the overlooking figure
Tenement at 1/3
Both frontages display similar eclectic architectural details, with a slight avant-corps dividing them.
Facade at 1
Facade at 3
Both facades from the street
Tenement at 4
Renovated in 2014,[9] the facade presents characteristics of the first decade of the 20th century with early forms of Modern architecture and Art Nouveau elements: tall bay windows, long vertical lines and a variety of window shapes.
View from the street
Main entrance door
Tenement at 5
The passage to the courtyard has been used by Bydgoszcz-born artist Joanna Rajkowska[10] to create the public project “Thermometers and glasses” (Polish: Termometry i Szklanki) in 2012. Joanna Rajkowska covered the walls and ceiling with a mosaic of mirrors (700kg of them).[11] The Mirror gate (Brama z luster) has been restored in 2021.[12]
Main frontage onto the street
Main entrance door and portal
Mirror gate (Brama z luster)
Tenements at 7/9
The large facade on the street displays eclectic and neo-baroque architectural details:
the upper openings present a mix of columns and adorned pediments;
the top of the frontage is decorated, among others, with mascarons.
View of the entire frontage
Stuccoe and mascaron details
Stuccoe details
Tenements at 8/10
These buildings are among the oldest in the street, dating back to the late 1870s.[1] Their first landlord was Anton Czarnecki, who inhabited the house at 8 (then 4/4a Heinestraße).[13]
Both facades lost their architectural details with time. The house at 8 was renovated in 2020.[14]
Facade at 8
Facade at 10
Tenement at 11
The first landlord was Albert Bettyna, a locksmith.[15]Hasan Konopacki (1879–1953) lived there from 1946 to 1953. He was a Lipka Tatar, politician, journalist and military officer, closely connected with the Belarusian national movement. A commemorative plaque has been unveiled on the ground floor of the building.[16]
The facade renovated in 2022[16] displays eclectic characters: avant-corps, pilasters, stuccoes and top corbel table are worth noticing.
The house, renovated in the 2010s, exhibits a balcony on the corner narrow facade. There are also stucooed corbels on the window lintel and the corbel table running beneath the roof.
View of both facades
Elevation on Sienkiewicza
Corbel table
Tenement at 14
The most impressive features of the tenement are the two grand balconies on the first and second level. Located above the main entrance, their balustrades are replicated on both sides under each window sills. In addition, window lintels are adorned with festoons, figureheads and mascaron.
View of the main frontage
Top window
grand balconies
Tenement at 15
The recent renovation (2022)[17] recalls that at the time of construction, it was one of the most impressive tenement houses on the street,[17] especially with its large double entrance door which round transom light decorated with figures of flying angels.
The corner building, in need of restoration, still possesses entrance door decoration, with pilasters flanking the side and a triangular pediment filled with plastered floral motifs and a smiling figure head. This ensemble is replicated on the door opening on Mazowiecka street.
View of both facades
Main door and portal, with the ancient street numbering (37)
Tenement at 18
Although the facade decoration is now gone, one can still appreciate the four balconies, fenced with floral-shaped wrought iron.
The renovation carried out in 2020 reinforced the design of its facade. The stories are separated by cornices, the roof is supported by consoles and pediments are incorporated above the windows. Massive balconies are decorated with balustrades and the side garage entrance displays a large wrought iron fence.[18]
View from street crossing
Stuccos details
Facade on Sienkiewicza street
House at 20
As one of the first houses built in the street, it kept few architectural details, apart from the triangular pediment adorned with motifs above the entrance.
Facade on the street
House at 23
Recently refurbished (2024),[19] the building architecture mirrors the one at No. 20, built the same year.
Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list Nr.725837, Reg.A/1528 (6 May 2009)[20] This city heritage building boasts two decorated facades and a large corner bay window stretching on two levels.
Restored in 2017,[21] the massive tenement displays two decorated facades on each street. The corner frontage features two heavy balconies.
Facade seen from the street intersection
Pediment details
Cohnfeld's house at 25
Albin Cohnfeld was a wealthy Jewish merchant of Bromberg, member (and vice-president) of the "Jewish Management Board and the Council of Representatives" of the city, from 1903 to 1920.[22] At the end of the 1880s, Cohnfeld received a concession from the city to build barracks in today's Pomorska street, which was completed in 1890:[23] nowadays, the plot is called Londynek.
View of the house at 25
Tenement at 27
The large facade displays early forms of modern architecture, with tall and long vertical windows, under a wall gable still shaped with Art Nouveau design.
View from the street
Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology at 28
Since 1971, the area is housing the faculty of the Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology. There former plant edifice has been refurbished and hosts today one of the building of the Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology of Bydgoszcz.
↑ Stadt Plan Bromberg[City Map Bydgoszcz] (Map). 1:25,000 (in German). Bydgoszcz: Graph. Grossbert. Deutsche Rundschau. 1941.
↑ Jasiakiewicz, Roman (24 April 2013). Uchwala NR XLI/875/13. Bydgoszcz: Miasta Bydgoszczy. p.7,8,14,40,67–69,86,87,112,46,47,71.
↑ "Alphabetisches Berzeichnis der einwohner". Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg und dessen Vororten auf das Jahr 1878 auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen. Mittler. 1878. p.12.
↑ "MAPA INWESTYCJI". bydgoszczwbudowie.pl. Bydgoszcz w Budowie. 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
↑ Biegański, Zdzisław (1896). Kronika Bydgoska. Materiały do historii mniejszości Żydowskiej w Bydgoszczy w zbiorach archiwum w Moskwie[Bydgoszcz Chronicle. Materials on the history of the Jewish minority in Bydgoszcz in the collections of the archive in Moscow] (in Polish). Towarzystwo Miłosnikow Miasta Bydgoszczy - Bydgoskie Towarzystwo Naukowe. p.161.
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