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The acre is a unit of land area used in the British imperial and the United States customary systems. It is traditionally defined as the area of one chain by one furlong, which is exactly equal to 10 square chains, 1⁄640 of a square mile, 4,840 square yards, or 43,560 square feet, and approximately 4,047 m2, or about 40% of a hectare. Based upon the international yard and pound agreement of 1959, an acre may be declared as exactly 4,046.8564224 square metres. The acre is sometimes abbreviated ac but is usually spelled out as the word "acre".
The square mile is an imperial and US unit of measure for area. One square mile is equal to the area of a square with each side measuring a length of one mile.
A unit of length refers to any arbitrarily chosen and accepted reference standard for measurement of length. The most common units in modern use are the metric units, used in every country globally. In the United States the U.S. customary units are also in use. British Imperial units are still used for some purposes in the United Kingdom and some other countries. The metric system is sub-divided into SI and non-SI units.
The rod, perch, or pole is a surveyor's tool and unit of length of various historical definitions. In British imperial and US customary units it is defined as 16+1⁄2 feet, equal to exactly 1⁄320 of a mile, or 5+1⁄2 yards, and is exactly 5.0292 meters. The rod is useful as a unit of length because integer multiples of it can form one acre of square measure (area). The 'perfect acre' is a rectangular area of 43,560 square feet, bounded by sides 660 feet long and 66 feet wide or, equivalently, 40 rods by 4 rods. An acre is therefore 160 square rods or 10 square chains.
The square foot is an imperial unit and U.S. customary unit of area, used mainly in the United States and partially in Canada, the United Kingdom, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Ghana, Liberia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore and Hong Kong. It is defined as the area of a square with sides of 1 foot.
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Gunter's chain is a distance measuring device used for surveying. It was designed and introduced in 1620 by English clergyman and mathematician Edmund Gunter (1581–1626). It enabled plots of land to be accurately surveyed and plotted, for legal and commercial purposes.
The square yard is an imperial unit and U.S. customary unit of area. It is in widespread use in most of the English-speaking world, particularly the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Pakistan and India. It is defined as the area of a square with sides of one yard in length.
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The gunta or guntha is a measure of area used in the Indian subcontinent, predominantly used in some South Asian countries. This unit is typically used to measure the size of a piece of land.
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In Guatemala the metric system is official but it uses a mixture of U.S., metric and Spanish customary units.
In Nepal, some customary units of measurement are still used, although the metric system has been the official standard since 1968.
The History of measurement systems in Pakistan begins in early Indus Valley civilization when pastoral societies used barter to exchange goods or services and needed units of measurement.
A number of different units of measurement were historically used in Cyprus to measure quantities like length, mass, area and capacity. Before the Metric system, the Imperial system was used. In between 1986-1988, metric system was adopted in Cyprus.
The Tinkathia System or Teen Kathia System, was an economic policy enforced by the East India Company in India. It was practiced largely in Eastern India and in states such as Bihar. The Tinkathia System was challenged by the Champaran Satyagraha led by Mahatma Gandhi, this in turn became a watershed moment in the Indian independence movement and it was based on that peasants had to grow indigo on the 3 parts of the land out of 20 parts.
References
- ↑ Correspondent, The Newspaper's (October 26, 2013). "2,433 acres of state land recovered". DAWN.COM.
- ↑ Newspaper, the (December 1, 2016). "Drones to be used for land measurement". DAWN.COM.
- ↑ "Square Karam to Square Yard Calculator | Convert Square Karam to Square Yard". Housing. Retrieved 2023-03-07.
- ↑ Punjab District Gazetteers: Ibbetson series, 1883-1884]. Compiled and published under the authority of the Punjab government. 1884.
- 1 2 "Oct 15, 2017 | MULTAN'S MISSING MANGOES". Dawn Epaper. October 15, 2017.
- ↑ Khan, Mubarak Zeb (August 3, 2016). "Prices of residential plots highest in Lahore and Peshawar". DAWN.COM.
- 1 2 Haryana jamabandi Units of measurements Archived 2018-04-18 at the Wayback Machine , HALRIS.