Methil

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Methil
East Wemyss and Methil from the air (geograph 5836521).jpg
East Wemyss, Buckhaven, Methil and Leven from the air
Fife UK location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Methil
Location within Fife
Area4.79 km2 (1.85 sq mi)  [1]
Population10,890 (mid-2020 est.) [1]
•  Density 2,273/km2 (5,890/sq mi)
OS grid reference NT365995
•  Edinburgh 17 mi (27 km)
•  London 344 mi (554 km)
Council area
Country Scotland
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town Leven
Postcode district KY8
Dialling code 01333
Police Scotland
Fire Scottish
Ambulance Scottish
UK Parliament
Scottish Parliament
List of places
UK
Scotland
56°11′04″N3°01′20″W / 56.1844°N 3.0223°W / 56.1844; -3.0223

Methil (Scottish Gaelic : Meadhchill) [2] is an eastern coastal town in Scotland. It was first recorded as "Methkil" in 1207, and belonged to the Bishop of St Andrews. Two Bronze Age cemeteries have been discovered which date the settlement as over 8,000 years old. Famous for its High Street that used to have the most pubs per mile in Scotland, it was part of its own barony in 1614 and also part of the former burgh of Buckhaven and Methil. This burgh existed between 1891 and 1975 (following the reorganisation of local government). It is situated within a continuous urban area described as Levenmouth.

Contents

Methil lies geographically between Largo Bay to the east and Wemyss Bay to the west. Previously an industrial maritime powerhouse of the region and once Scotland's greatest coal port, it is now redirecting itself towards a green energy future. The River Leven delineates Methil from adjacent towns.

Toponymy

The name, Methil, is from Scottish Gaelic, and appears to derive from meadh(on) meaning 'middle' and cill meaning 'church'. [3]

Initially centred on the medieval church on the River Leven, the centre moved to a burgh and port in the seventeenth century known also as "Methilltoune" (1670) and "Methilburgh" (1795), with the alternative name of "Innerleven". William Roy's Map of Scotland refers to the town as "Methill Pans", a reference to the salt industry, with Inverleven indicated as a separate settlement. The town is sometimes referred to locally as The Methil. [3]

Overview

Site of the pre-Reformation Methil Parish Church, now part of Methilmill Cemetery. Pre-Ref Methil Church.jpg
Site of the pre-Reformation Methil Parish Church, now part of Methilmill Cemetery.
Kirkland High School, taken shortly before demolition in 2016. Kirkland HS.jpg
Kirkland High School, taken shortly before demolition in 2016.

Prior to the Reformation when Methil was absorbed into the Parish of Wemyss, it was an independent parish centred around a church situated inland of what is now Methilmill Cemetery. [4] In the 17th century, it developed as a coastal village, first with a tidal harbour, thereafter expanding considerably at the start of the 20th century due to a boom in coal mining.

From 1920 the development of (mainly) council housing caused the town to expand inland to meet up with the formerly separate village of Methilhill and reach the boundaries of Methilmill Cemetery and the site of the ancient parish church. [5]

Historically, the main industry in the area was coal mining, with most of the coal exported through Methil Docks, which exported over 3,000,000 tons per year between the WW1 and WW2. [6] A related development was Methil Power Station (1960), which was sited at the mouth of the River Leven. It was eventually demolished in 2011. This power station used colliery slurry, which would otherwise have gone to waste.

Nearby is the new Bayview Stadium, home to East Fife Football Club, previously located more centrally in the town at the corner of Wellesley and Kirkland Roads. [5]

Facilities

Methil Docks from an Admiralty Chart Published in 1918 Methil Docks cropped from Admiralty Chart No 137, Published 1918.jpg
Methil Docks from an Admiralty Chart Published in 1918

Methil Docks was particularly significant during World War II for the movement of coal and other resources. The docks had a hydro electric power station serving the distinctive coal hoists, all of which were once local landmarks. The town was traversed by several railways linking the local collieries to the docks, one of which crossed the High Street on an overbridge. After the post-war nationalisation of the railways, the coal mines and the docks continued to be linked by the Wemyss Private Railway as well as by British Railways (which had replaced the LNER and the North British Railway). [7]

Work is ongoing to reopen the railway line from Thornton Junction, which would arguably help both trade and improve public transport, including tourism for the whole area. It is scheduled to be open for traffic in spring 2024. The "Hydrogen Office" based in the docks aims to demonstrate the benefits of improved energy efficiency and renewable and hydrogen energy systems. [8]

Kirkland High School and Community College was a secondary education and combined education college. It was amalgamated with Buckhaven High School in August 2016 to form Levenmouth Academy, both of the older schools being demolished immediately thereafter. Primary schools in the area include Denbeath Primary, Aberhill Primary ('listed' as of architectural/historical interest and long outliving the 1950s and 1960s secondary school buildings) [9] and Methilhill Primary.

Local politics is controlled by Fife Council although there is interest being shown by some people in redeveloping more locally centred councils. Methilhill had a Community Council for a period of time, although it is not currently active.

There is a committee of Fife councillors elected to represent the area described by Fife Council as "Levenmouth" (which includes Methil and other nearby towns – although the description "Levenmouth" does not have a historical or otherwise substantive reason or purpose as a nomenclature, it does provide for political expediency and accords favourably with current local civil service ease of operation).[ citation needed ]

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Fife is a council area, historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area of Scotland. It is situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland boundaries with Perth and Kinross and Clackmannanshire. By custom it is widely held to have been one of the major Pictish kingdoms, known as Fib, and is still commonly known as the Kingdom of Fife within Scotland. A person from Fife is known as a Fifer. In older documents the county was very occasionally known by the anglicisation Fifeshire.

Leven is a seaside town in Fife, set in the east Central Lowlands of Scotland. It lies on the coast of the Firth of Forth at the mouth of the River Leven, 8.1 miles (13.0 km) north-east of the town of Kirkcaldy and 6.4 miles (10.3 km) east of Glenrothes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fife Circle Line</span> Railway line in Scotland, UK

The Fife Circle Line is the local rail service north from Edinburgh. It links towns of south Fife and the coastal towns along the Firth of Forth before heading to Edinburgh. Operationally, the service is not strictly a circle route, but, rather, a point to point service that reverses at the Edinburgh end, and has a large bi-directional balloon loop at the Fife end.

Levenmouth is a conurbation comprising a network of settlements on the north side of the Firth of Forth, in Fife on the east coast of Scotland. It consists of three principal coastal towns; Leven, Buckhaven, and Methil, and a number of villages and hamlets inland. The industrial towns of Buckhaven and Methil lie on the west bank of the River Leven, and the resort town of Leven is on the east bank. The "Bawbee Bridge" links the two sides of the river. Historically, Buckhaven and Methil were joined together as one burgh, while Leven was separate. The area had an estimated population of 37,238 in 2006.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buckhaven</span> Human settlement in Scotland

Buckhaven is a town on the east coast of Fife, Scotland, on the Firth of Forth between East Wemyss and Methil. Buckhaven is on the Fife Coastal Path, and near to Wemyss Caves and Largo Bay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buckhaven High School</span> Secondary school in Buckhaven, Fife, Scotland

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Buckhaven and Methil was a burgh of Scotland, centred on the towns of Buckhaven and Methil. It formed in 1891 and was abolished in 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kirkland High School and Community College</span> Secondary school in Methil, Scotland

Kirkland High School was a six-year comprehensive school in Methil that served the population in the Levenmouth area, Scotland. From January 2005 until June 2016 the head teacher was Ronnie Ross. In June 2012 Fife Council proposed that the school should merge with neighbouring Buckhaven High School to create Levenmouth Academy. The plans were approved in April 2014 and the new school opened to pupils on 17 August 2016. In September 2015 the student roll was 421, less than half of the roll of 900 the school had in 2000.

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The Wemyss Private Railway was a network of lines, sometimes known as the Wemyss Estate Railway. The lines were a group of mineral and other railways in Fife, Scotland, mainly on the land of the Wemyss family. They were built to connect coal pits to harbours and the railway network, for the use of tenants of the Estate. The Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway was built at the expense of the Wemyss Estate and carried passengers; it was later sold to the North British Railway.

The Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway was a railway company that built a line in the county of Fife in Scotland, connecting Buckhaven with the main line railway network at Thornton, and linking with collieries.

The Wemyss Estate Railway was a group of mineral and other railways in Fife, Scotland, mainly on the land of the Wemyss family. The lines were built to connect coal pits to harbours and the railway network, for the use of tenants of the Estate. The Wemyss and Buckhaven Railway was built at the expense of the Wemyss Estate and carried passengers; it was later sold to the North British Railway.

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Fife Heritage Railway is a heritage railway run by The Kingdom of Fife Railway Preservation Society, formed in 1992, which aims to showcase the heritage of the railways of Fife and restore locomotives and rolling stock that once worked in Fife. They are based in Levenmouth, Scotland which has been their base since 2003.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Levenmouth Academy</span> Secondary school in Buckhaven, Methil, Scotland

Levenmouth Academy is a six-year comprehensive school in Buckhaven, Scotland that serves the population in the Levenmouth area. In June 2012, Fife Council proposed that the neighbouring Kirkland and Buckhaven schools should close and their catchments would merge to create Levenmouth Academy. The plans were approved in April 2014, and the Academy opened to pupils on 17 August 2016. The school was opened officially on 10 March 2017 by Deputy First Minister of Scotland John Swinney. The headteacher is Ruth McFarlane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wemyss, Fife</span> Scottish parish in Fife, Scotland, UK

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References

  1. 1 2 "Mid-2020 Population Estimates for Settlements and Localities in Scotland". National Records of Scotland. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  2. ↑ "Methil". Ainmean-àite na h-Alba. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  3. 1 2 "Methil". Fife Place-name Data. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
  4. ↑ Taylor, Simon (2006). The Place-Names of Fife: West Fife between Leven and Forth. Vol. I. Donington: Shaun Tyas. pp. 593–595. ISBN   978-1-900289-77-1.
  5. 1 2 Smith, Ronald. "History of Methil".
  6. ↑ "Methil Docks". Methil Heritage. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
  7. ↑ Brotchie, A W (1998). The Wemyss Private Railway. The Oakwood Press. ISBN   9780853615279.
  8. ↑ "Home" Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine The Hydrogen Office. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
  9. ↑ Historic Environment Scotland. "Aberhill Primary School".
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