Oceanic trenches are prominent, long, narrow topographic depressions of the ocean floor. They are typically 50 to 100 kilometers wide and 3 to 4 km below the level of the surrounding oceanic floor, but can be thousands of kilometers in length. There are about 50,000 km (31,000 mi) of oceanic trenches worldwide, mostly around the Pacific Ocean, but also in the eastern Indian Ocean and a few other locations. The greatest ocean depth measured is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 10,920 m (35,830 ft) below sea level.
The Chagos Archipelago or Chagos Islands is a group of seven atolls comprising more than 60 islands in the Indian Ocean about 500 kilometres (310 mi) south of the Maldives archipelago. This chain of islands is the southernmost archipelago of the Chagos–Laccadive Ridge, a long submarine mountain range in the Indian Ocean. In its north are the Salomon Islands, Nelson's Island and Peros Banhos; towards its south-west are the Three Brothers, Eagle, Egmont and Danger Island(s); southeast of these is Diego Garcia, by far the largest island. All are low-lying atolls, save for a few extremely small instances, set around lagoons.
Kaikō was a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) built by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) for exploration of the deep sea. Kaikō was the second of only five vessels ever to reach the bottom of the Challenger Deep, as of 2019. Between 1995 and 2003, this 10.6 ton unmanned submersible conducted more than 250 dives, collecting 350 biological species, some of which could prove to be useful in medical and industrial applications. On 29 May 2003, Kaikō was lost at sea off the coast of Shikoku Island during Typhoon Chan-Hom, when a secondary cable connecting it to its launcher at the ocean surface broke.
ABISMO is a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) built by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) for exploration of the deep sea. It is the only remaining ROV rated to 11,000-meters, ABISMO is intended to be the permanent replacement for Kaikō, a ROV that was lost at sea in 2003.
Parvibaculum indicum is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and motile bacterium with a polar flagellum species from the genus of Parvibaculum which has been isolated from deep-sea water from the Indian Ocean.
Microbacterium enclense is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from marine sediments from the Chorao Island in India.
Microbacterium hydrothermale is a Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from hydrothermal sediments from the Indian Ocean.
Microbacterium marinum is a Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from seawater from the South-West Indian Ocean.
Microbacterium nanhaiense is a Gram-positive, heterotrophic, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from sea sediments from the South China Sea.
Desmospora profundinema is a bacterium from the genus of Desmospora which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Indian Ocean near China.
Melghirimyces profundicolus is a bacterium from the genus of Melghirimyces which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Indian Ocean.
Bhargavaea is a bacteria genus from the family of Planococcaceae.
Bhargavaea beijingensis is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Bhargavaea which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge from the Indian Ocean.
Microbacterium profundi is a Gram-positive, neutrophilic, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Pacific Ocean.
Novosphingobium indicum is a bacterium from the genus Novosphingobium which has been isolated from deep-sea water from the Indian Ocean. Novosphingobium indicum hasd the ability to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
Microbacterium sediminicola is a Gram-positive bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from sediments from the Samambula River on Fiji.
Microbacterium sediminis is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic, psychrotolerant, thermotolerant, halotolerant, alkalitolerant bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Indian Ocean.
Mesorhizobium sediminum is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Mesorhizobium which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Indian Ocean.
Marichromatium is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria). The name Marichromatium derives from: Latin mare, the sea; Neo-Latin Chromatium, a genus name; to give Marichromatium, the Chromatium of the sea, the truly marine Chromatium.
Serinicoccus profundi is a Gram-positive bacterium species from the genus Serinicoccus which has been isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Indian Ocean.
