Mitrephora polypyrena

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Mitrephora polypyrena
Uvaria polypyrena.jpg
Color illustration of Mitrephora polypyrena under basionym Uvaria polypyrene. [1]
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Mitrephora
Species:
M. polypyrena
Binomial name
Mitrephora polypyrena
Synonyms

Kinginda macrantha(Hassk.) Kuntze
Kinginda polypyrenaKuntze
Mitrephora javanicaBacker
Mitrephora macranthaHassk.
Uvaria polypyrena Blume

Contents

Mitrephora polypyrena is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and Myanmar. [2] Carl Ludwig Blume, the German botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Uvaria polypyrena, named it after the many stones or seeds (Latinized forms of Greek πολυ-, poly-, and πυρην, pyren) in its fruit. [3] [1]

Description

It is a tree reaching 20 meters in height. Its oval to lance-shaped, leathery leaves are 8-22.5 by 3.5-9 centimeters and come to a point at their tips. The leaves are smooth and shiny on their upper surfaces, while their undersides are slightly hairy. Its petioles are 4.5-11 by 1.5-3.5 millimeters. Its flowers are arranged in groups of 3 or fewer on a rachis. Each flower is on a fleshy, slightly hairy pedicel that is 1.1-1.6 by 20-40 millimeters. The pedicels have an oval, basal bract that is 4-4.5 by 2.5-4.5 millimeters, and another oval, upper bract that is 3.5-5.5 by 4.5-7 millimeters. Its flowers have 3, oval-shaped sepals that are 5-7.5 by 5.5-7.5 millimeters. The outside of the sepals are densely hairy, while their inner surfaces are smooth. Its 6 petals are arranged in two rows of 3. The yellow, oval-shaped outer petals are 24-36 by 18-28 millimeters and come to a point at their tip. The outside surface of the outer petals are densely hairy, while their inner surface is slightly hairy. The inner petals are white with reddish-purple highlights and 17-22 by 9.5-16 millimeters. The outside surface of the inner petals is densely hairy while the tip of the inner surface has long hairs. Its flowers have more than numerous stamen that are 1.5-1.7 by 0.5-0.6 millimeters. Its flowers have up to 24-26 free carpels that are 2-2.2 by 0.5-0.6 millimeters. The carpels have 12-14 ovules. Its fruit occur in clusters of up to 9-12 on pedicels that are 19-34 by 3-5 millimeters and covered in sparse, fine hairs. The round to oblong, smooth fruit are 19-31 by 8-17 millimeters. The fruit have a longitudinal ridge and are sparsely covered in fine brown hairs. The fruit are attached to the pedicel by stipes that are 12-21 by 2.5-4 millimeters and sparsely covered in fine brown hairs. Each fruit has 12-14 seeds that are 15-17 by 8-9.5 millimeters. [4] [5]

Reproductive biology

The pollen of M. polypyrena is shed as permanent tetrads. [6]

Habitat and Distribution

It has been observed growing in wet evergreen forests, at elevations of 300 to 700 meters. [5]

Uses

It is used as timber and cultivated as a cover crop and ornamental species. [7]

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References

  1. 1 2 Blume, Carl Ludwig (1830). Flora Javae nec non insularum adjacentium [Flora of Java as well as of the adjacent islands] (in Latin). Vol. 2. Brussels: J. Frank. pp. 35–37.
  2. ↑ "Mitrephora polypyrena (Blume) Zoll". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  3. ↑ Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Ore. Newton Abbot: Timber Press David & Charles. ISBN   9780881926279.
  4. ↑ Zollinger, H. (1858). "Ueber die Anonaceen des Ostindischen Archipels" [About the Anonaceae of the East Indian Archipelago]. Linnaea: Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange (in German and Latin). 29: 297–325.
  5. 1 2 Weerasooriya, Aruna D.; Saunders, Richard M. K. (2010). "Monograph of Mitrephora (Annonaceae)". Systematic Botany Monographs. 90: 1–167. JSTOR   41059228.
  6. ↑ Walker, James W. (1971). "Pollen Morphology, Phytogeography, and Phylogeny of the Annonaceae". Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. 202 (202): 1–130. JSTOR   41764703.
  7. ↑ Nurfadilah, Siti; Hapsari, Lia; Abywijaya, Ilham Kurnia (2017). "Species richness, conservation status, and potential uses of plants in Segara Anakan Area of Sempu Island, East Java, Indonesia". Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 18 (4): 1568–1588. doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d180435 .
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