Momtaz Saeed Abu El Nour | |
|---|---|
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office December 2011 –5 January 2013 | |
| President | Mohamad Morsi |
| Prime Minister | Kamal Ganzouri Hesham Qandil |
| Preceded by | Hazem Al Beblawi |
| Succeeded by | Morsi Hegazy |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1948 (age 75–76) |
| Political party | Independent |
| Alma mater | Ain Shams University |
Momtaz El-Saeed (also known as Momtaz Saeed Abu El Nour;born 1948) is an Egyptian civil servant who once served in the government of Egypt as minister of finance from 2011 to 2013.
Saeed was born in 1948. [1] He obtained a bachelor's degree in accounting from Ain Shams University in 1971. [1]
During the late 1990s,Saeed served as general director of the Egyptian finance ministry's budget division. [2] He was the ministry undersecretary during the term of Mubarak-era finance minister Youssef Boutros Ghali. [3] Prior to being appointed minister by Prime Minister Kamal Ganzouri in the interim government in December 2011,Saeed served as the second-in-command at Egypt's finance ministry. [3] Saeed was called from retirement in the middle of 2011 to work as deputy finance minister under Finance Minister Hazem Al Beblawi. [2] [4]
On 2 August 2012,Saeed was sworn in as part of Prime Minister Hisham Qandil's cabinet. [5] He was one of the independent ministers in the cabinet. [1] Saeed leans towards the conservative side,and no dramatic policy changes were expected from him. [2] He prepared Egypt's 2012-2013 state budget. [2] Saeed was criticized by the Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) of the Muslim Brotherhood,who claimed that he delayed presenting the budget to the Egyptian parliament by two months deliberately. One official of the FJP called the budget that Saeed drafted "a plot" to ensure that President Morsi fails," and that it was the same as every budget during the era of President Hosni Mubarak. [2] Saeed was replaced by Morsi Hegazy as finance minister in a cabinet reshuffle on 5 January 2013. [6]
Following the Egyptian Revolution of 2011,Egypt's economy entered into decline,leading Egypt's central bank to sell dollars in order to bolster Egypt's pound. Egypt's economy faces a balance of payments crisis,and is also being further undermined due to high state borrowing costs. [7]
On 13 August 2012,Saeed announced that Qatar was expected to deposit $500 million in the Egyptian central bank to help alleviate Egypt's economic crisis. He also said that Egyptian officials had discussed with Libya the possibility of Libya supporting Egypt's depleted finances. [7]
On 22 August 2012,it was reported that following a meeting with Managing Director Christine Lagarde of the International Monetary Fund,Saeed denied rumors pertaining to an imminent devaluation of the Egyptian pound. He also said that devaluation of the pound was not a condition for a $4.8 billion loan that Egypt was requesting from the IMF. [8] Saeed also added that the IMF would not interfere with the Egyptian government’s new reform policies,and that the loan is an indication that Egypt's economy is heading forward,and it should encourage foreign investment. In regards to the loan,Saeed said that Egypt is "entitled to assistance when going through a crisis" because Egypt is one of the founding members of the IMF and contributes to the IMF's capital. El-Saeed explained that the loan is mainly based on an economic and social reform program that Egypt prepared in order to escape from Egypt's economic crisis. [9]
Saeed announced in May 2012 that he ordered the Egyptian tax authority to implement legal changes that would allow Egypt to collect billions of pounds of unpaid taxes,and would speed up collection and facilitate taxation of small businesses. El-Saeed said that Egypt is owed 150 billion pounds in uncollected taxes. [10]
Kamal Ganzouri was an Egyptian economist who served as the Prime Minister of Egypt from 7 December 2011 to 24 July 2012. He previously served as prime minister from 1996 to 1999. He came to power in 1996 succeeding Atef Sedki, and was in turn succeeded by Atef Ebeid in 1999. He was branded Minister of the Poor and the Opposition Minister because of his way of dealing with limited income people and the opposition. Before becoming prime minister, Ganzouri served as Minister of Planning and International Cooperation. On 24 November 2011, Egypt's military rulers appointed him prime minister. He was sworn in and took office on 7 December 2011.
The Cabinet of Egypt is the chief executive body of the Arab Republic of Egypt. It consists of the Prime Minister and the cabinet ministers.
Youssef Raouf Boutros-Ghali or YBG is an Egyptian economist who served in the government of Egypt as Minister of Finance from 2004 to 2011. He was succeeded by Samir Radwan on 31 January 2011.
The al‑Nour Party, or "Party of The Light", was one of the political parties created in Egypt after the 2011 Egyptian Revolution. It has an ultra-conservative, Islamist ideology, which believes in implementing strict Sharia law. It has been described as the political arm of the Salafi Call Society, and "by far the most prominent" of the several new Salafi parties in Egypt, which it has surpassed by virtue of its "long organizational and administrative experience" and "charismatic leaders". Its political aim is to establish a theocratic state on the lines of Wahhabism like in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia was found to be the main financer of the party according to the public German television news service ARD.
Mohamed Mohamed Morsi Eissa al-Ayyat was an Egyptian politician, engineer, and professor who served as the fifth president of Egypt, from 2012 to 2013, when General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi removed him from office in a coup d'état after protests in June. An Islamist affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood organization, Morsi led the Freedom and Justice Party from 2011 to 2012.
Wael Khalil is an Egyptian political activist known for his criticism of the Mubarak regime, his activity during the 2011 Egyptian revolution, and his blog WaELK.net which covers government, activism and sports.
Following the 2011 Egyptian revolution, the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt became one of the main forces contending for political power in Egypt against the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) and other established centers of the former Hosni Mubarak regime.
Tarek Wafik Mohamed is an Egyptian urban planner and former minister of housing during the Qandil Cabinet. He was the first housing minister of Egypt who is a specialist in urban development.
Osama Yassin Abdel Wahab is the former minister of youth of Egypt. He was part of the Qandil Cabinet and one of the five Freedom and Justice (FJP) members in the first cabinet. He is also one of the leading members of the FJP.
Osama Kamal was the Egyptian minister of petroleum and mineral resources. He was sworn into President Mohamad Morsi's cabinet, the Qandil Cabinet, on 2 August 2012, following the 2011–2012 Egyptian uprising that deposed President Hosni Mubarak. He was in office until 6 May 2013.
The cabinet of Egyptian Prime Minister Hesham Qandil was sworn in on 2 August 2012. Qandil was appointed by President Mohamed Morsi, following the resignation of military-named premier Kamal Ganzouri. The cabinet consists of 36 ministers. The composition of the government is mostly formed by technocrats, with five Freedom and Justice Party (FJP) members and one member each from the Al-Wasat and Renaissance parties.
Abd el-Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi is an Egyptian politician and retired military officer who has served as the sixth and current president of Egypt since 2014. Before retiring as a general in the Egyptian military in 2014, Sisi served as Egypt's deputy prime minister from 2013 to 2014, minister of defense from 2012 to 2013, and director of military intelligence from 2010 to 2012. He was promoted to the rank of Field Marshal in January 2014.
Farouk Gouida is an Egyptian poet. Gouida's newspaper columns - criticising the privatization of state assets by politicians such as Atef Ebeid and Ahmed Nazif - were collected in Raping a Country (2010). Writing in May 2011, Gouida characterized Hosni Mubarak's regime as guilty of "three crimes": floating the Egyptian pound in 2003; misusing public banks to grant easy loans to favoured businessmen; and indiscriminate privatization.
The 2012–2013 Egyptian protests were part of the crisis in Egypt including the June 2013 protests, the July 2013 coup d'état, and part of the post-coup unrest. They saw varying opposition against three contiguous heads of state; namely, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF), Muslim Brotherhood, and the de facto ruling Egyptian Armed Forces.
Bassem Kamal Mohamed Ouda, commonly known as Bassem Ouda, is an Egyptian politician who is a member of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Freedom and Justice Party (FJP). He served as Egypt's Minister of Supply and Interior Trade between January and July 2013, when he resigned due to the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état. He was later arrested, tried and sentenced to life imprisonment in a politically motivated trial.
Morsi El Sayed Hegazy is an Egyptian academic and economist who as briefly finance minister, from 6 January to 7 May 2013. He was the fifth finance minister of Egypt since 2011.
Hazem El Beblawi is an Egyptian economist and politician who was interim prime minister of Egypt from 2013 until 1 March 2014. Previously he served as deputy prime minister and minister of finance in 2011. After the ouster of President Mohammed Morsi and his government in July 2013, Beblawi was named interim prime minister. On 24 February 2014, Beblawi announced his resignation.
Fayyad Abdel Moneim is an Egyptian academic and economist who served as finance minister briefly from 7 May to 16 July 2013.
The Freedom and Justice Party is an Egyptian Islamist political party. The ex-president of the party, Mohamed Morsi, won the 2012 presidential election, and in the 2011 parliamentary election it won more seats than any other party. It is nominally independent, but has strong links to the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt, the largest political group in Egypt. The party was banned and dissolved in 2014; however, it continues to function underground.
Hossam Eisa is an Egyptian politician and academic. He served as deputy prime minister and minister of higher education of Egypt from July 2013 until 1 March 2014.
