Monodora tenuifolia

Last updated

Monodora tenuifolia
Monodora tenuifolia 03.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Monodora
Species:
M. tenuifolia
Binomial name
Monodora tenuifolia
Synonyms
  • Monodora cabraeDe Wild.
  • Monodora tenuifolia var. schlechteriEngl.

Monodora tenuifolia is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to equatorial Africa. [2] George Bentham, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its slender (tenui- in Latin) leaves (-folia in Latin). [3]

Contents

Description

It is a tree reaching 30 meters in height with dark grey to green bark. Its trunk and branches can have white lenticels. Its hairless, papery to leathery, elliptical to oval leaves are 6-21 by 2-7.5 centimeters. The tips of the leaves taper to a point, and the tapered portion is 5-10 millimeters long. The leaf bases wedge-shaped. The leaves are green on their upper surface and paler green on their lower surface. The leaves have 9-15 pairs of secondary veins emanating from their midribs. Its hairless petioles are 2-7 by 1-2 millimeters and have a groove on their upper surface. It has solitary flowers, positioned opposite from leaves, that hang down. Each flower is born on a light green, hairless pedicel that is 25-75 by 1-1.5 millimeters. The pedicels have a oval bract that is 55-60 by 10-30 millimeters. The base of the bract partially wraps the pedicel and its tip is rounded. The bracts are light green with red highlights at the tips and have wavy edges. The upper and lower faces of the bract are hairless, but the edges have short hairs. It has 3 oval, hairless, sepals are 10-35 by 4-16 millimeters. The sepals are green with red highlights. The sepals have flat bases, rounded to gradually narrowing tips and wavy edges. Its flowers have 6 petals in two rows of three. The outer petals are yellow-green with red-brown streaks. The hairless, oval outer petals are 30-90 by 25-30 millimeters. The outer petals have flat bases, rounded to pointed tips and very wavy margins. The hairless inner petals are 10-35 by 6-10 millimeters. The inner petals are white to green and streaked with reddish brown highlights. The inner petals have wedge-shaped bases and rounded to pointed tips. The inner petals have two distinctive hairy appendages that are 3-5 millimeters in length, positioned halfway up either margin. The inner petals have a basal claw below the blade. Its flowers have 10-13 rows of yellowish white stamen that are 0.8-1 millimeters long. The stamen filaments extend above the anthers to form a shield. Its carpels are fused forming an ovary wall that is 2-3 by 1.5 millimeters. Its green, hairless stigma are 2 millimeters in diameter. The fruit are born on a hairless, woody pedicels that are 3-7 by 3-4 millimeters. The hairless, round fruit are 4-7 by 4.5-7 centimeters. The fruit are green with light spots, smooth and covered in a distinctive grey-blue wax. The fruit have white pulp, and elliptical, smooth, light brown seeds that are 12-17 by 10-13 millimeters. [4] [5] [6]

Reproductive biology

The pollen is shed as permanent tetrads. [7] Field observations suggest that it is pollinated by flies. [8]

Habitat and distribution

It has been observed growing in sandy soil in evergreen rain forests, gallery forests, deciduous forests, and savanna-like habitats at elevations from 0–800 meters. [4]

Uses

Its seeds have been reported to be used as a supplemental food source, but it has questionable dietary value and is particularly low in lysine. [9] It is used as a traditional medicine, a fiber and wood source, and as an ornamental. [4]

Related Research Articles

Goniothalamus rongklanus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Thailand. Richard Saunders and Piya Chalermglin first formally described the species and named it after Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park in Thailand.

Hexalobus bussei is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Cameroon. Ludwig Diels, the German botanist who first formally described the species, named it after another German botanist, Walter Busse, who collected the sample that Diels examined.

<i>Mitrephora heyneana</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Mitrephora heyneana is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. Joseph Dalton Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species under the basionym Orophea heyneana, named it after Benjamin Heyne a German botanist who collected and described many plant species from India.

<i>Mitrephora keithii</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Mitrephora keithii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand. Henry Nicholas Ridley, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it in honor of Dr. A. Keith who collected the sample that Ridley examined.

Mitrephora macrocarpa is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Sulawesi. Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel, the Dutch botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Orophea macrocarpa, named it after its large fruit.

<i>Mitrephora maingayi</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Mitrephora maingayi is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Bangladesh, Borneo, Cambodia, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, Sumatra, and Vietnam. Joseph Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species, named it in honor of Alexander Carroll Maingay, the British botanist who collected the specimen they examined.

Monodora carolinae is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Mozambique and Tanzania. Thomas Couvreur, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after his wife Carolina.

Monodora crispata is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler, the German botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its curled petal margins.

Monodora globiflora is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Tanzania. Thomas Couvreur, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its inner petals that touch one another, but are not fused, and form a globe-shaped structure.

<i>Monodora hastipetala</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Monodora hastipetala is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Tanzania. Thomas Couvreur, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its spear shaped inner petals.

<i>Monodora junodii</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Monodora junodii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Eswatini, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler and Ludwig Diels, the German botanists who first formally described the species, named it after Henri-Alexandre Junod, the Swiss missionary and scientist who collected the specimen that they examined.

<i>Monodora laurentii</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Monodora laurentii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo. Émile De Wildeman, the Belgian botanist who first formally described the species, named it after Marcel Laurent, the Belgian botanist who collected many plant specimens in the regions along the Congo River.

<i>Monodora minor</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Monodora minor is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Mozambique and Tanzania. Heinrich Gustav Adolf Engler and Ludwig Diels, the German botanists who first formally described the species, do not explicitly explain the specific epithet but it is among the smaller members of the genus which includes species that reach heights of 30-40 meters.

<i>Monodora stenopetala</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Monodora stenopetala is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Malawi and Mozambique. Daniel Oliver, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its narrow petals.

<i>Monodora undulata</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Monodora undulata is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. Palisot de Beauvois the botanist and entomologist who first formally described the species using the basionym Xylopia undulata, named it after the wavy margins of its petals.

<i>Monodora angolensis</i> Species of plant in the family Annonaceae

Monodora angolensis is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zaire. Friedrich Welwitsch, the Austrian botanist who first formally described the species, named it after Angola where he found it growing near the town of Pungo-Andongo.

<i>Uvariastrum hexaloboides</i> Species of flowering plant

Uvariastrum hexaloboides is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Tanzania, Zambia and Zaire. Robert Elias Fries, the botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Uvaria hexaloboides, named it after a different species Hexalobus monopetalus which he thought its flowers and vegetative parts resembled.

<i>Uvariastrum insculptum</i> Species of flowering plant

Uvariastrum insculptum is a species of plant in the Annonaceae. It is native to Cameroon, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, and the Republic of the Congo. Adolf Engler and Ludwig Diels, the botanists who first formally described the species using the basionym Uvaria insculpta, named it after the secondary veins on its leaves which are distinctly sunken.

<i>Uvariastrum pierreanum</i> Species of flowering plant

Uvariastrum pierreanum is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and the Republic of the Congo. Adolf Engler, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the French botanist Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre.

<i>Xylopia arenaria</i> Species of flowering plant

Xylopia arenaria is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Kenya, and Tanzania. Adolf Engler, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its growth in sandy places.

References

  1. ↑ Cosiaux, A.; Couvreur, T.L.P.; Erkens, R.H.J. (2019). "Monodora tenuifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T132683676A133046270. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T132683676A133046270.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ↑ "Monodora tenuifolia Benth". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
  3. ↑ Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Ore. Newton Abbot: Timber Press David & Charles. ISBN   9780881926279.
  4. 1 2 3 Couvreur, Thomas L. P. (2009). "Monograph of the Syncarpous African Genera Isolona and Monodora (Annonaceae)". Systematic Botany Monographs. 87: 1–150.
  5. ↑ Bentham, George (1861). "Notes on Anonaceae". Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Botany. (in English and Latin). 5 (18): 67–72. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1860.tb01040.x.
  6. ↑ Adam, Jacques-Georges. Flore Descriptive Des Monts Nimba [Descriptive Flora Of The Nimba Mountains]. Mémoires du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. Série B, Botanique (in French). Vol. 20. Paris: Editions du Museum.
  7. ↑ Couvreur, Thomas L. P.; Botermans, Marleen; van Heuven, Bertie Joan; van der Ham, Raymond W. J. M. (2008). "Pollen morphology within the Monodora clade, a diverse group of five African Annonaceae genera". Grana. 47 (3): 185–210. doi:10.1080/00173130802256913. ISSN   0017-3134.
  8. ↑ Gottsberger, Gerhard; Meinke, Svenja; Porembski, Stefan (2011). "First records of flower biology and pollination in African Annonaceae: Isolona, Piptostigma, Uvariodendron, Monodora and Uvariopsis". Flora. 206 (5): 498–510. doi:10.1016/j.flora.2010.08.005. ISSN   0367-2530.
  9. ↑ Amubode, F (1984). "Amino acid composition of seeds of some lesser known tree crops". Food Chemistry. 13 (4): 299–307. doi:10.1016/0308-8146(84)90093-1. ISSN   0308-8146.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.