| Monongahela | |
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| Genus: | Monongahela |
Monongahela is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish. There are currently no confirmed surviving specimens. [1]
Lungfish are freshwater rhipidistian vertebrates belonging to the order Dipnoi. Lungfish are best known for retaining ancestral characteristics within the Osteichthyes, including the ability to breathe air, and ancestral structures within Sarcopterygii, including the presence of lobed fins with a well-developed internal skeleton. Lungfish represent the closest living relatives of the tetrapods.
Sarcopterygii — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii — is a taxon of the bony fishes whose members are known as lobe-finned fishes. The group Tetrapoda, a superclass including amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, evolved from certain sarcopterygians; under a cladistic view, tetrapods are themselves considered a group within Sarcopterygii.
Dipnorhynchus is an extinct genus of lungfish from the middle Devonian period of Australia and Europe.
The Megalichthyidae are a family of prehistoric lobe-finned fishes which lived from the late Devonian to the early Permian period.
Gogodipterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric lungfish in the family Chirodipteridae. It was discovered ar the Late Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia.
Eoctenodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian or lobe-finned fish.
Laccognathus is an extinct genus of amphibious lobe-finned fish from Europe and North America. They existed from the Middle Devonian to the Late Devonian. The name comes from Greek for 'pitted jaw'.
Holodipterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian or lobe-finned fish.
Hainbergia is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygian or lobe-finned fish.
Oervigia is an extinct genus of lungfish in the family Rhinodipteridae from the Devonian of Greenland.
Mioceratodus is an extinct genus of lungfish in the family Neoceratodontidae, which also contains the extant Queensland lungfish. It is known only from Oligocene and Miocene-aged sediments in Australia, although phylogenetic evidence supports it having first diverged from its closest relative, Neoceratodus, during the Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous period.
Metaceratodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric lungfish in the family Ceratodontidae, with an indeterminate specimen known from the Late Triassic (Norian)-aged Lissauer Breccia of Poland and more complete specimens known from the Late Cretaceous of Queensland, Australia and Argentina. The genus was named and described by Frederick Chapman in 1914.
Sagenodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric lungfish. It is a lungfish from the Permo-Carboniferous period found in Europe and North America.
Rhinodipterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric dipnoan sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish, that lived in the Devonian Period, between 416 and 359 million years ago. It is believed to have inhabited shallow, salt-water reefs, and is one of the earliest known examples of marine lungfish. Research based on an exceptionally well-preserved specimen from the Gogo Formation of Australia has shown that Rhinodipterus has cranial ribs attached to its braincase and was probably adapted for air-breathing to some degree as living lungfish are. This could be the only case known for a marine lungfish with air-breathing adaptations.
Retodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric lungfish found in Cretaceous-aged freshwater strata of Egypt, Algeria and Niger. The type species, R. tuberculatus, was named in 2006. It was originally named as a species of Ceratodus and Neoceratodus in 1963.
Ptychoceratodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish originally named as a species of Ceratodus in 1837. It was a lungfish from the Mesozoic era (Triassic-Cretaceous), and the only members of the family Ptychoceratodontidae. One species, P. oldhami, was named in 2018 based on remains from the Carnian-aged Tiki Formation (India). The first named species, which is also the type species, is P. phillipsi, which was named in 1837 by Louis Agassiz as a species of Ceratodus and moved to a separate genus in 1926.
Paraceratodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric lungfish. Only one species, P. germaini, is known from the latest Permian or earliest Triassic period of Madagascar. Phylogenetic evidence supports it being the most basal member of the suborder Ceratodontoidei, which contains modern lungfish, and as with the rest of the order it likely diverged during the late Carboniferous.
Tranodis is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish. It was a lungfish from the Upper Mississippian of North America.
Synaptotylus is an extinct genus of prehistoric sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish from the Pennsylvanian. The type species is Synaptotylus newelli.
Scaumenacia is an extinct genus of prehistoric lungfish. It lived around the Devonian in North America alongside another prehistoric lungfish: Fleurantia.
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