Mulwaree Parish

Last updated April 26, 2019

The Parish of Mulwaree is a parish of Argyle County ^[1] and former village and local government area. It is located on the western shore of Lake Bathurst, New South Wales.^[2]^[3]

Argyle County was one of the original Nineteen Counties in New South Wales and is now one of the 141 Cadastral divisions of New South Wales. It includes the area around Goulburn. It is bounded by Lake George in the south-west, the Shoalhaven River in the east, and the Wollondilly River in the north-east.

Village Small clustered human settlement smaller than a town

A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town, with a population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighborhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement.

West is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from east.

History

The area was traditional lands of the Ngunnawal people, but was also traversed by other tribes going to the coast or the Monaro during the Bogong moth season. Stone artefacts dating back 20,000 years have been found at nearby Lake George.

The Ngunawal are an indigenous Australian people of southern New South Wales.

Monaro, once frequently spelled "Manaro", or in early years of settlement "Maneroo" is a region in the south of New South Wales, Australia. A small area of Victoria near Snowy River National Park is geographically part of the Monaro. While the Australian Capital Territory is not considered part of the region, some towns in the Monaro have close links with Canberra.

The bogong moth is a temperate species of night-flying moth, notable for its biannual long-distance seasonal migrations towards and from the Australian Alps, similar to the diurnal monarch butterfly. During the autumn and winter it is found in southern Queensland, western New South Wales, western Victoria, and also in South and Western Australia. Adult bogong moths breed and larvae hatch during this period, consuming winter pasture plants during their growth. During the spring, the moths migrate south or east and reside in mountains such as Mount Bogong, where they gregariously aestivate over the summer until their return towards breeding grounds again in the autumn.

The Lake Bathurst was discovered in April 1818 by an exploration commissioned by Governor Lachlan Macquarie to find a route from the inland to the settlement on the south coast at Jervis Bay that was headed by Surveyor General James Meehan. A village of Mulwaree was gazetted in the 19th century on the southern shore of Lake Bathurst, but failed to grow, moving 1½km to the west at the site of Tarago, on the main trainline.

Major General Lachlan Macquarie, CB was a British Army officer and colonial administrator from Scotland. Macquarie served as the fifth and last autocratic Governor of New South Wales from 1810 to 1821, and had a leading role in the social, economic and architectural development of the colony. He is considered by historians to have had a crucial influence on the transition of New South Wales from a penal colony to a free settlement and therefore to have played a major role in the shaping of Australian society in the early nineteenth century. In 1816 Macquarie gave orders that led to the Appin Massacre of Gundungurra and Dharawal people.

Jervis Bay is a 102-square-kilometre (39 sq mi) oceanic bay and village on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia, said to possess the whitest sand in the world.

The Surveyor General is an official responsible for government surveying in a specific country or territory. Historically this would often have been a military appointment, but it is now more likely to be a civilian post.

Geography

Significant features in the parish include:

The Mulwaree River, a perennial river that is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment.
Lake Bathurst (New South Wales) on the northern boundary
Townships of Tarago and Lake Bathurst

The Mulwaree River, a perennial river that is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, is located in the Southern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.

A perennial stream or perennial river is a stream or river (channel) that has continuous flow in parts of its stream bed all year round during years of normal rainfall. "Perennial" streams are contrasted with "intermittent" streams which normally cease flowing for weeks or months each year, and with "ephemeral" channels that flow only for hours or days following rainfall. During unusually dry years, a normally perennial stream may cease flowing, becoming intermittent for days, weeks, or months depending on severity of the drought. The boundaries between perennial, intermittent, and ephemeral channels are not defined, and subject to a variety of identification methods adopted by local governments, academics, and others with a need to classify stream-flow permanence.

The Hawkesbury River, is a semi–mature tide dominated drowned valley estuary located to the west and north of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The Hawkesbury River and its associated main tributary, the Nepean River, virtually encircle the metropolitan region of Sydney.

Ecology

The lake is an important site for Australasian shovellers. Anas-rhynchotis-variegata.jpg — The lake is an important site for Australasian shovellers.

The area has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it regularly supports significant numbers of

BirdLife International is a global partnership of conservation organisations that strives to conserve birds, their habitats, and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources. It is the world's largest partnership of conservation organisations, with over 120 partner organisations.

Important Bird Area area recognized as being globally important habitat for the conservation of birds populations

An Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA) is an area identified using an internationally agreed set of criteria as being globally important for the conservation of bird populations.

The blue-billed duck is a small Australian stiff-tailed duck, with both the male and female growing to a length of 40 cm (16 in). The male has a slate-blue bill which changes to bright-blue during the breeding season, hence the duck’s common name. The male has deep chestnut plumage during breeding season, reverting to a dark grey. The female retains black plumage with brown tips all year round. The duck is endemic to Australia's temperate regions, inhabiting natural inland wetlands and also artificial wetlands, such as sewage ponds, in large numbers. It can be difficult to observe due to its cryptic nature during its breeding season through autumn and winter. The male duck exhibits a complex mating ritual. The blue-billed duck is omnivorous, with a preference for small aquatic invertebrates. BirdLife International has classified this species as Near Threatened. Major threats include drainage of deep permanent wetlands, or their degradation as a result of introduced fish, peripheral cattle grazing, salinization, and lowering of ground water.

The freckled duck is a waterfowl species endemic to Australia. The freckled duck has also been referred to as the monkey duck or the oatmeal duck. These birds are usually present in mainland Australia, but disperse to coastal and subcostal wetlands in the dry period. During such times it is common for the freckled duck population to congregate in flocks in the same area, giving the impression that they are more common than they really are.

The black swan is a large waterbird, a species of swan which breeds mainly in the southeast and southwest regions of Australia. Within Australia they are nomadic, with erratic migration patterns dependent upon climatic conditions. Black swans are large birds with mostly black plumage and red bills. They are monogamous breeders, and are unusual in that one-quarter of all pairings are homosexual, mostly between males. Both partners share incubation and cygnet rearing duties.

Economy

The Parish is predominantly Agricultureal in its economic base, however, the economic base has diversified in recent years with:

An Intermodal transfer station on the main Sydney to Canberra railwayline.
the former Woodlawn Mine now a major waste facility for Sydney.
Woodlawn Wind Farm.
Woodlawn Bioreactor.

The parish has begun to be used as commuter zone for the nearby city of Canberra.

The Woodlawn Wind Farm
Intermodal transfer station
Agriculture in Tarago.
Tarago, war memorial.

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Currawang is a locality in the Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council, on the edges of Upper Lachlan Shire and Goulburn-Mulwaree Council, in New South Wales, Australia. It is located to the north of Lake George. It shares its name with the Currawang Parish of Argyle County, in which it is located. This was formerly known as the parish of Currowang. Both names derive from an Aboriginal word for the spearwood tree.

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References

↑ Robert McLean, The New atlas of Australia : the complete work containing over one hundred maps and full descriptive geography of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia, together with numerous illustrations and copious indices (Sydney :J. Sands, [1886) Map 11.
↑ McDonald, J. Kay. (1985). Exploring the ACT and Southeast New South Wales. Kangaroo Press: Sydney.
↑ "European History of Lake Bathurst". argylecounty.com.au.
↑ "Lake Bathurst Birdata". birdata.com.au.

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[1] Robert McLean, The New atlas of Australia : the complete work containing over one hundred maps and full descriptive geography of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia, together with numerous illustrations and copious indices (Sydney :J. Sands, [1886) Map 11.

[2] McDonald, J. Kay. (1985). Exploring the ACT and Southeast New South Wales. Kangaroo Press: Sydney.

[3] "European History of Lake Bathurst". argylecounty.com.au.

[4] "Lake Bathurst Birdata". birdata.com.au.