Myosotis glauca

Last updated

Myosotis glauca
Myosotis glauca 13366573.jpg
Myosotis glauca plant, fruiting
Status NZTCS NV.svg
Nationally Vulnerable (NZ TCS) [1]
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Myosotis
Species:
M. glauca
Binomial name
Myosotis glauca
G.Simpson & J.S.Thomson) de Lange & Barkla [2]
Synonyms

Myosotis pygmaea var. glauca G.Simpson & J.S.Thomson

Contents

Myosotis glauca is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. George Simpson and J.S. Thomson described M. pygmaea var. glauca in 1942, and Peter de Lange and John Barkla recognized it at species rank in 2010. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, white corollas, and often glaucous grey leaves.

Taxonomy and etymology

Myosotis glauca (G.Simpson & J.S.Thomson) de Lange & Barkla is in the plant family Boraginaceae, was originally described as M. pygmaea var. glauca in 1942 by George Simpson and J.S. Thomson, and was later recognized at species rank by Peter de Lange and John Barkla in 2010. [3] [4] [5] [6] In the most recent taxonomic revision, it is continued to be recognized at the species level, and is morphologically most similar to the other bracteate-prostrate species endemic to New Zealand in the pygmy subgroup, i.e. Myosotis brevis and M. antarctica. [7] Myosotis glauca differs from these two species in its straight, appressed trichomes and (usually) glaucous grey leaves. [7] [8]

The lectotype specimen of Myosotis glauca was designated by Lucy Moore and is lodged at the Allan Herbarium (CHR) of Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research (CHR 75722). [9] There is an isolectotype at the Auckland War Memorial Museum (AK 210591). [10]

The specific epithet, glauca, is derived from Latin and refers to the dull greyish-green glaucous leaves of species.

Phylogeny

Myosotis glauca was shown to be a part of the monophyletic southern hemisphere lineage of Myosotis in phylogenetic analyses of standard DNA sequencing markers (nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA regions). [11] Within the southern hemisphere lineage, species relationships were not well resolved. [12] [11] The one sequenced individual of M. glauca usually grouped with another pygmy subgroup species, M. antarctica (including M. drucei), as well as with the cushion species, M. uniflora, among other species. [11] In a study analyzing microsatellite markers developed specifically for the pygmy subgroup of southern hemisphere Myosotis, all populations of M. glauca cluster together in the different analyses. [13] [7] [14]

Description

Myosotis glauca plants are single rosettes. The rosette leaves have petioles 2–9 mm long. The rosette leaf blades are 4–17 mm long by 2–7 mm wide (length: width ratio 1.3–3.5: 1), narrowly oblanceolate to broadly obovate, widest at or above the middle, dull greyish-green (glaucous) or sometimes bright green, with an obtuse apex. The upper surface of the leaf is sparsely covered in straight, appressed to patent, antrorse (forward-facing) hairs, whereas the lower surface of the leaf is usually glabrous or with sparsely distributed hairs on the mid vein only. Each rosette has multiple prostrate, bracteate inflorescences that are up to 12 cm long. The cauline leaves are similar to the rosette leaves but decrease in size and become sessile toward the tip. Each inflorescence has up to 19 flowers, each borne on a short pedicel, with a bract. The calyx is 2–3 mm long at flowering and 3–8 mm long at fruiting, lobed to a quarter or half its length, and usually with hairs only along the calyx ribs. The corolla is white, up to 4 mm in diameter, with a cylindrical tube, and small yellow scales alternating with the petals. The anthers are fully included. The four smooth, shiny, nutlets are usually 1.2–1.5 mm long by 0.8–1.2 mm wide and are ovoid in shape. [7]

The chromosome number of M. glauca is unknown.

M. glauca has M. australis type pollen. [15] [16]

It flowers during the months September–March and fruits October–April, with the main flowering and fruiting period December–January. [7]

Distribution and habitat

Myosotis glauca is a forget-me-not endemic to the mountains of the South Island of New Zealand. It is mainly found in Otago, but is also known from south Canterbury, from 180–1500 m ASL. M. glauca is found in tussock-grassland, turf and the edges of tarns or streams. [7]

Conservation status

The species is listed as "Threatened - Nationally Vulnerable" on the most recent assessment (2017-2018) under the New Zealand Threatened Classification system for plants, with the qualifiers "DP" (Data Poor) and "Sp" (Sparse). [1] A recent taxonomic revision recommended maintaining this conservation status, but replacing qualifier "DP" with "RR" (Range Restricted). [7]

Related Research Articles

<i>Myosotis pansa <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> pansa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pansasubsp. pansa, also known as the Waitakere forget-me-not, is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was transferred to a subspecies of M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

<i>Myosotis antarctica</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis antarctica is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to mainland New Zealand, Campbell Island and southern Chile. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in his 19th century work Flora Antarctica. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white or blue corollas. It is one of two native species of Myosotis in the New Zealand subantarctic islands, the other being M. capitata, which also has blue corollas.

<i>Myosotis chaffeyorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis chaffeyorum is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Carlos Lehnebach described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis bryonoma</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis bryonoma is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand.Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a creeping habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis retrorsa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis retrorsa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

Myosotis umbrosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Michael Thorsen described the species. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

Myosotis cheesemanii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Donald Petrie described the species in 1886. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

Myosotis glabrescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the species in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are tightly compacted, perennial mats with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis matthewsii</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis matthewsii is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the species in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with bracteate inflorescences and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis pulvinaris</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pulvinaris is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1867. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate, compact, cushion habit, short bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis uniflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis uniflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1867. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate, compact, cushion or mat habit, short bracteate inflorescences, and cream to yellow corollas.

<i>Myosotis lyallii <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> elderi</i>

Myosotis lyalliisubsp. elderi is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Lucy Moore described Myosotis elderi in 1961, and Heidi Meudt and Jessie Prebble treated it as a subspecies of M. lyallii in 2018. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas with partially exserted anthers.

<i>Myosotis brevis</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis brevis is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to New Zealand. George Simpson and J.S. Thomson described M. pygmaea var. minutiflora in 1942, and Peter de Lange and John Barkla recognized it at species rank in 2010, as M. brevis. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are small and annual, with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, tiny white corollas, and brown or green leaves.

<i>Myosotis antarctica <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> antarctica</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Myosotis antarcticasubsp. antarctica is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to New Zealand, Campbell Island, and southern Chile. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in his 19th century work Flora Antarctica. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white or blue corollas. It is one of two native Myosotis in the New Zealand subantarctic islands, the other being M. capitata, which also has blue corollas.

<i>Myosotis antarctica <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> traillii</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Myosotis antarcticasubsp. traillii is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to New Zealand. Thomas Kirk (botanist) described the subspecies in 1921. Plants of this subspecies of forget-me-not are perennial with a prostrate habit, bracteate inflorescences, and white corollas.

<i>Myosotis hikuwai</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis hikuwai is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Geoff Rogers described M. hikuwai in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are spring annuals with bracteate and erect inflorescences, and small, white corollas with inserted stamens. The species is considered Threatened and known only from one population near Wānaka.

<i>Myosotis venticola</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis venticola is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt and Jessica Prebble described M. venticola in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are perennial with bracteate and prostrate inflorescences, and small, white corollas with partly exserted stamens.

Myosotis ultramafica is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble and Brian Rance described M. ultramafica in 2022. Plants of this forget-me-not are perennial with bracteate and prostrate to ascending inflorescences, and small, white corollas with partly exserted stamens. This species is Naturally Uncommon and only found on ultramafic substrates.

<i>Myosotis pansa</i> Species of flowering plant

Myosotis pansa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was raised to species level as M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas and exserted anthers.

<i>Myosotis pansa <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> praeceps</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Myosotis pansa subsp. praeceps is a subspecies of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described the variety M. petiolata var. pansa in 1961, and it was transferred to a subspecies of M. pansa by Heidi Meudt, Jessica Prebble, Rebecca Stanley and Michael Thorsen in 2013. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with partially bracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

References

  1. 1 2 Lange, Peter J. de; Rolfe, Jeremy R.; Barkla, John W.; Courtney, Shannel P.; Champion, Paul D.; Perrie, Leon R.; Beadel, Sarah M.; Ford, Kerry A.; Breitwieser, Ilse; Schönberger, Ines; Hindmarsh-Walls, Rowan (May 2018). "Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017" (PDF). New Zealand Threat Classification Series. 22: 45. OCLC   1041649797.
  2. ↑ De Lange, Peter J., ed. (2010). Threatened plants of New Zealand. Christchurch, N.Z: Canterbury University Press. ISBN   978-1-877257-56-8. OCLC   456176236.
  3. ↑ Moore, L.B. "Boraginaceae. In 'Flora of New Zealand'. (Ed. HH Allan) Vol. 1, pp. 806–833". (Government Printer: Wellington, New Zealand) floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  4. ↑ Simpson, George; Thomson, J.S. (1942). "Notes on Some New Zealand Plants and Descriptions of New Species (No. 2)". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 72: 21–40. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  5. ↑ "Myosotis glauca". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  6. ↑ De Lange, Peter J., ed. (2010). Threatened plants of New Zealand. Christchurch, N.Z: Canterbury University Press. ISBN   978-1-877257-56-8. OCLC   456176236.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Prebble, Jessica M.; Symonds, V. Vaughan; Tate, Jennifer A.; Meudt, Heidi M. (5 May 2022). "Taxonomic revision of the southern hemisphere pygmy forget-me-not group (Myosotis; Boraginaceae) based on morphological, population genetic and climate-edaphic niche modelling data". Australian Systematic Botany. 35 (1): 63–94. doi: 10.1071/SB21031 . ISSN   1446-5701. S2CID   248603363.
  8. ↑ Prebble, Jessica M.; Meudt, Heidi M.; Tate, Jennifer A.; Symonds, V. Vaughan (18 March 2018). "Bolstering Species Delimitation in Difficult Species Complexes by Analyzing Herbarium and Common Garden Morphological Data: A Case Study Using the New Zealand Native Myosotis pygmaea Species Group (Boraginaceae)". Systematic Botany. 43 (1): 266–289. doi:10.1600/036364418X697058. S2CID   90243293.
  9. ↑ "Myosotis glauca". scd.landcareresearch.co.nz. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  10. ↑ "Myosotis glauca". Auckland War Memorial Museum . Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  11. 1 2 3 Meudt, Heidi M.; Prebble, Jessica M.; Lehnebach, Carlos A. (1 May 2015). "Native New Zealand forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae) comprise a Pleistocene species radiation with very low genetic divergence". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 301 (5): 1455–1471. doi:10.1007/s00606-014-1166-x. ISSN   2199-6881. S2CID   14686750.
  12. ↑ Winkworth, Richard C; Grau, Jürke; Robertson, Alastair W; Lockhart, Peter J (1 August 2002). "The origins and evolution of the genus Myosotis L. (Boraginaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 24 (2): 180–193. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00210-5. ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   12144755.
  13. ↑ Prebble, Jessica M.; Meudt, Heidi M.; Tate, Jennifer A.; Symonds, V. Vaughan (2019). "Comparing and co‐analysing microsatellite and morphological data for species delimitation in the New Zealand native Myosotis pygmaea species group (Boraginaceae)". Taxon. 68 (4): 731–750. doi:10.1002/tax.12096. ISSN   0040-0262. S2CID   208604617.
  14. ↑ Prebble, Jessica M.; Tate, Jennifer A.; Meudt, Heidi M.; Symonds, V. Vaughan (9 June 2015). "Microsatellite markers for the New Zealand endemic Myosotis pygmaea species group (Boraginaceae) amplify across species1". Applications in Plant Sciences. 3 (6): apps.1500027. doi:10.3732/apps.1500027. ISSN   2168-0450. PMC   4467761 . PMID   26082880.
  15. ↑ "Myosotis glauca pollen". collections.tepapa.govt.nz. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  16. ↑ Meudt, HM (1 October 2016). "Pollen morphology and its taxonomic utility in the Southern Hemisphere bracteate-prostrate forget-me-nots (Myosotis, Boraginaceae)". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 54 (4): 475–497. doi:10.1080/0028825X.2016.1229343. ISSN   0028-825X. S2CID   89118799.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.