Myristica magnifica | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Magnoliids |
Order: | Magnoliales |
Family: | Myristicaceae |
Genus: | Myristica |
Species: | M. magnifica |
Binomial name | |
Myristica magnifica | |
Myristica magnifica is a species of plant in the family Myristicaceae. It is native to Karnataka and Kerala in India. It is classified as an endangered species according to the IUCN Redlist. The plant grows in terrestrial but swampy habitats along streams in evergreen forests. These swamps get inundated during the monsoons and remain flooded year round.
The tree grows up to 20 m tall. It is seen to have stilt roots that support the main trunk of the tree. These roots emerge from the base of the main trunk and bend downwards to reach the ground. The stilt roots form a tangled network of roots around the tree. The leaves are simple, alternate that grow on short stalks or petioles that are 2–4 cm long. Flowers are dioecious, with male flowers growing on stocks, while female flowers are borne in leaf axils. Male flowers typically grow in clusters and female flowers grow in twos or threes. [2]
The species was formerly known as Myristica fatua var magnifica. Other synonyms include Palala magnifica.
The species found in habitats called Myristica Swamps that are dominated by flood tolerant species. These swamps remain water-logged for a large part of the year between June and January. Myristica magnifica is one of the dominant species of these swamps in Southern India. [3]
Alnus glutinosa, the common alder, black alder, European alder, European black alder, or just alder, is a species of tree in the family Betulaceae, native to most of Europe, southwest Asia and northern Africa. It thrives in wet locations where its association with the bacterium Frankia alni enables it to grow in poor quality soils. It is a medium-sized, short-lived tree growing to a height of up to 30 metres (98 feet). It has short-stalked rounded leaves and separate male and female flowers in the form of catkins. The small, rounded fruits are cone-like and the seeds are dispersed by wind and water.
Taxodium distichum is a deciduous conifer in the family Cupressaceae. It is native to the southeastern United States. Hardy and tough, this tree adapts to a wide range of soil types, whether wet, salty, dry, or swampy. It is noted for the russet-red fall color of its lacy needles.
Fraxinus latifolia, the Oregon ash, is a member of the ash genus Fraxinus, native to western North America.
The Myristicaceae are a family of flowering plants native to Africa, Asia, Pacific islands, and the Americas and has been recognized by most taxonomists. It is sometimes called the "nutmeg family", after its most famous member, Myristica fragrans, the source of the spices nutmeg and mace. The best known genera are Myristica in Asia and Virola in the Neotropics.
Quercus lyrata, the overcup oak, is an oak in the white oak group. The common name, overcup oak, refers to its acorns that are mostly enclosed within the acorn cup. It is native to lowland wetlands in the eastern and south-central United States, in all the coastal states from New Jersey to Texas, inland as far as Oklahoma, Missouri, and Illinois. There are historical reports of it growing in Iowa, but the species appears to have been extirpated there. It is a slow-growing tree that often takes 25 to 30 years to mature. It has an estimated lifespan of 400 years.
Salix nigra, the black willow, is a species of willow native to a large portion of North America, from New Brunswick and southern Ontario west to Arizona and California, and south to northern Florida and Texas.
Socratea exorrhiza, the walking palm or cashapona, is a palm native to rainforests in tropical Central and South America. It can grow to 25 metres in height, with a stem diameter of up to 16 cm, but is more typically 15–20 m tall and 12 cm in diameter. It has unusual stilt roots, the function of which has been debated. Many species of epiphyte have been found growing on the palms. The palm is pollinated by beetles, and various organisms eat its seeds or seedlings.
Elaeocarpus venustus is a species of flowering plant in the Elaeocarpaceae family. It is found only in the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. It is Critically Endangered, and threatened by habitat loss.
Eucalyptus robusta, commonly known as swamp mahogany or swamp messmate, is a tree native to eastern Australia. Growing in swampy or waterlogged soils, it is up to 30 m (100 ft) high with thick spongy reddish-brown bark and dark green broad leaves, which help form a dense canopy. The white to cream flowers appear in autumn and winter. The leaves are commonly eaten by insects and are a food item for the koala. It is an important autumn-winter flowering species in eastern Australia and has been planted extensively in many countries around the world. Its timber is used for firewood and in general construction.
Hopea pedicellata is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The specific epithet pedicellata, refers to the species' prominent pedicel.
Myristica malabarica is a species of plant in the family Myristicaceae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats in southwest India. It is threatened by habitat loss according to the IUCN Red List. It can reach 25 m in height and its bark is smooth and greenish-black or sometimes reddish.
Salix magnifica is a species of willow in the family Salicaceae. It is endemic to Sichuan in southwestern China, where it grows at high altitudes of 2,100–3,000 m above sea level. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Vateria indica, the white dammar, is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats mountains in India. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is a large canopy or emergent tree frequent in tropical wet evergreen forests of the low and mid-elevations.
Rhizophora mucronata is a species of mangrove found on coasts and river banks in East Africa and the Indo-Pacific region.
Myristica swamps are a type of freshwater swamp forest predominantly composed of species of Myristica. These are found in three localities in India. Myristica swamps have adapted to inundation by way of stilt roots and knee roots. Myristica swamps are found in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka State and in the southern parts of Kerala. Recently it is found in village Bambarde, in Maharashtra's Sindhudurga district.
Phylloneura westermanni, Myristica bambootail is a damselfly species in the family Platycnemididae. It is endemic to Myristica swamps of Western Ghats in India. The habitat is restricted to a few localities in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Drypetes gerrardii is a species of small tree or large shrub in the family Putranjivaceae. Common names include forest ironplum, bastard white ironwood, and forest ironwood. It is native to tropical and subtropical central and eastern Africa. It was first described in 1920 by the English botanist John Hutchinson, who named it after the English botanist William Tyrer Gerrard who collected plants and seeds in southern Africa in the 1860s.
Myristica insipida, commonly known in Australia as Australian nutmeg, Queensland nutmeg or native nutmeg, is a small rainforest tree in the family Myristicaceae native to parts of Malesia, Papuasia and Australia. It is closely related to the commercially-important species of nutmeg, M. fragrans.
Hopea rudiformis is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae, native to Borneo. The specific epithet rudiformis means 'sword-shaped', referring to the leaf.
Myristica beddomei is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. It is endemic to the Western Ghats, India, where it is frequent in the mid-elevation wet evergreen forests and an important food tree of hornbills. The species has been earlier misidentified in regional floras and herbarium specimens as Myristica dactyloides Gaertn., the latter occurring only in Sri Lanka.