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In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, for distribution or backup purposes. The name is derived from "tape archive", as it was originally developed to write data to sequential I/O devices with no file system of their own, such as devices that use magnetic tape. The archive data sets created by tar contain various file system parameters, such as name, timestamps, ownership, file-access permissions, and directory organization. POSIX abandoned tar in favor of pax, yet tar sees continued widespread use.
In computer programming, Base64 is a group of binary-to-text encoding schemes that transforms binary data into a sequence of printable characters, limited to a set of 64 unique characters. More specifically, the source binary data is taken 6 bits at a time, then this group of 6 bits is mapped to one of 64 unique characters.
uuencoding is a form of binary-to-text encoding that originated in the Unix programs uuencode and uudecode written by Mary Ann Horton at the University of California, Berkeley in 1980, for encoding binary data for transmission in email systems.
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GPX, or GPS Exchange Format, is an XML schema designed as a common GPS data format for software applications. It can be used to describe waypoints, tracks, and routes. It is an open format and can be used without the need to pay license fees. Location data is stored in tags and can be interchanged between GPS devices and software. Common software applications for the data include viewing tracks projected onto various map sources, annotating maps, and geotagging photographs based on the time they were taken.
The Financial Information eXchange (FIX) protocol is an electronic communications protocol initiated in 1992 for international real-time exchange of information related to securities transactions and markets. With trillions of dollars traded annually on the NASDAQ alone, financial service entities are employing direct market access (DMA) to increase their speed to financial markets. Managing the delivery of trading applications and keeping latency low increasingly requires an understanding of the FIX protocol.
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Intel hexadecimal object file format, Intel hex format or Intellec Hex is a file format that conveys binary information in ASCII text form, making it possible to store on non-binary media such as paper tape, punch cards, etc., to display on text terminals or be printed on line-oriented printers. The format is commonly used for programming microcontrollers, EPROMs, and other types of programmable logic devices and hardware emulators. In a typical application, a compiler or assembler converts a program's source code to machine code and outputs it into a object or executable file in hexadecimal format. In some applications, the Intel hex format is also used as a container format holding packets of stream data. Common file extensions used for the resulting files are .HEX or .H86. The HEX file is then read by a programmer to write the machine code into a PROM or is transferred to the target system for loading and execution. There are various tools to convert files between hexadecimal and binary format, and vice versa.
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In data networking, telecommunications, and computer buses, an acknowledgment (ACK) is a signal that is passed between communicating processes, computers, or devices to signify acknowledgment, or receipt of message, as part of a communications protocol. The negative-acknowledgement is a signal that is sent to reject a previously received message or to indicate some kind of error. Acknowledgments and negative acknowledgments inform a sender of the receiver's state so that it can adjust its own state accordingly.
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OpenCPN is a free software maritime chart plotter and navigation software for use underway or as a planning tool. Developed by a team of active sailors and tested in real world conditions, it has multiple supported chart formats and a variety of data inputs.
Time synchronization in North America can be achieved with many different methods, some of which require only a telephone, while others require expensive, sensitive, and rare electronic equipment. In the United States, the United States Naval Observatory provides the standard of time, called UTC(USNO), for the United States military and the Global Positioning System, while the National Institute of Standards and Technology provides the standard of time for civil purposes in the United States, called UTC(NIST).
RTCM SC-104 is a communication protocol for sending differential GPS (DGPS) to a GPS receiver from a secondary source like a radio receiver. The standard is named for the Special Committee 104 of the Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM) that created it. The format does not define the source of the messages and has been used with systems as varied as longwave marine radio, communications satellite broadcasts, and internet distribution.
References
- ↑ Peter Bennett (Sep 15, 1997). "The NMEA FAQ". Archived from the original on 2014-02-15. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ↑ "NMEA 0183 vs NMEA 2000". November 2018. Archived from the original on 2013-08-19. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ↑ Spitzer, Steve. (May 2009). "NMEA 2000 white paper" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-03-02. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ↑ "Publications and Standards from the National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) / NMEA 0183". NMEA. November 2008. Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ↑ "National Marine Electronics Association - NMEA". www.nmea.org. Archived from the original on 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2020-09-24.
- ↑ Raymond, Eric S. (March 2019). "NMEA Revealed".
- ↑ Dale DePriest. "NMEA data". Archived from the original on 2020-10-20. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ↑ "Google Maps for Android" . Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ↑ Marc Balmer (2006–2008). "/sys/kern/tty_nmea.c". BSD Cross Reference. OpenBSD.
- "nmea — NMEA 0183 timedelta sensor". OpenBSD manual page server.
- ↑ "ObserVIEW - Free Vibration Analysis Software" . Retrieved 2022-10-18.
- ↑ "ERRATA # 0183 120512" (PDF). NMEA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-04-17. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ↑ "NMEA PUBLISHES UPDATED VERSION OF NMEA 0183 FOR NEW GLOBAL SATELLITE SYSTEMS" (PDF). November 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-31. Retrieved 2019-01-30.