NOD1

Last updated
NOD1
Protein NOD1 PDB 2b1w.png
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases NOD1 , CARD4, CLR7.1, NLRC1, nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 1
External IDs OMIM: 605980 MGI: 1341839 HomoloGene: 4440 GeneCards: NOD1
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_006092
NM_001354849

NM_001171007
NM_172729

RefSeq (protein)

NP_006083
NP_001341778

NP_001164478
NP_766317

Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 30.42 – 30.48 Mb Chr 6: 54.9 – 54.95 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) is a protein receptor that in humans is encoded by the NOD1 gene. [5] [6] It recognizes bacterial molecules and stimulates an immune reaction . [7]

Contents

NOD1 protein contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). NOD1 is a member of NOD-like receptor protein family and is a close relative of NOD2. NOD1 is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, which is similar in structure to resistant proteins of plants, and mediates innate and acquired immunity by recognizing molecules containing D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP) moiety, including bacterial peptidoglycan. Nod1 interacts with RIPK2 through the CARDs of both molecules (See the structure of the NOD1 CARD in the right panel). Stimulation of NOD1 by iE-DAP containing molecules results in activation of the transcription factor NF-κB.

Related Research Articles

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a crucial role in the proper function of the innate immune system. PRRs are germline-encoded host sensors, which detect molecules typical for the pathogens. They are proteins expressed mainly by cells of the innate immune system, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, as well as by epithelial cells, to identify two classes of molecules: pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are associated with microbial pathogens, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are associated with components of host's cells that are released during cell damage or death. They are also called primitive pattern recognition receptors because they evolved before other parts of the immune system, particularly before adaptive immunity. PRRs also mediate the initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune response and release of inflammatory cytokines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MYD88</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the MYD88 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muramyl dipeptide</span> Chemical compound

Muramyl dipeptide is a component of bacterial peptidoglycan, a recognition structure or activator for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) protein. It is a constituent of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria composed of N-acetylmuramic acid linked by its lactic acid moiety to the N-terminus of an L-alanine D-isoglutamine dipeptide. It can be recognized by the immune system as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern and activate the NALP3 inflammasome which, in turn, leads to cytokine activation, IL-1α and IL-1β especially.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IKBKG</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

NF-kappa-B essential modulator (NEMO) also known as inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit gamma (IKK-γ) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKBKG gene. NEMO is a subunit of the IκB kinase complex that activates NF-κB. The human gene for IKBKG is located on the chromosome band Xq28. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NOD2</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2), also known as caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15 (CARD15) or inflammatory bowel disease protein 1 (IBD1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOD2 gene located on chromosome 16. NOD2 plays an important role in the immune system. It recognizes bacterial molecules (peptidoglycans) and stimulates an immune reaction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IKK2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

IKK-β also known as inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKBKB gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RELA</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Transcription factor p65 also known as nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RELA gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TRAF5</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TNF receptor-associated factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRAF5 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TRAF3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRAF3 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">APAF1</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Apoptotic protease activating factor 1, also known as APAF1, is a human homolog of C. elegans CED-4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BCL10</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL10 gene. Like BCL2, BCL3, BCL5, BCL6, BCL7A, and BCL9, it has clinical significance in lymphoma.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RIPK1</span> Enzyme found in humans

Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) functions in a variety of cellular pathways related to both cell survival and death. In terms of cell death, RIPK1 plays a role in apoptosis and necroptosis. Some of the cell survival pathways RIPK1 participates in include NF-κB, Akt, and JNK.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PYCARD</span> Human protein and coding gene

PYCARD, often referred to as ASC, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PYCARD gene. It is localized mainly in the nucleus of monocytes and macrophages. In case of pathogen infection, however, it relocalizes rapidly to the cytoplasm, perinuclear space, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria and it is a key adaptor protein in activation of the inflammasome.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">RIPK2</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RIPK2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TRAF4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) also known as RING finger protein 83 (RNF83) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRAF4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peptidoglycan recognition protein 2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Peptidoglycan recognition protein 2(PGLYRP2) is an enzyme, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (NAMLAA), that hydrolyzes bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan and is encoded by the PGLYRP2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NLRP2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NOD-like receptor</span> Class of proteins

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors, or NOD-like receptors (NLRs), are intracellular sensors of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that enter the cell via phagocytosis or pores, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are associated with cell stress. They are types of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), and play key roles in the regulation of innate immune response. NLRs can cooperate with toll-like receptors (TLRs) and regulate inflammatory and apoptotic response.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NLRP11</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP11 gene located on the long arm of human chromosome 19q13.42. NLRP11 belongs to the NALP subfamily, part of a large subfamily of CATERPILLER. It is also known as NALP11, PYPAF6, NOD17, PAN10, and CLR19.6

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roman Dziarski</span> American scientist (born 1949)

Roman Dziarski is a Polish-born American immunologist and microbiologist. He is best known for his research on innate immunity and bacterial peptidoglycan, for discovering the family of human peptidoglycan recognition proteins, which comprises PGLYRP1, PGLYRP2, PGLYRP3, and PGLYRP4, and for defining the functions of these proteins.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000106100 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038058 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Bertin J, Nir WJ, Fischer CM, Tayber OV, Errada PR, Grant JR, Keilty JJ, Gosselin ML, Robison KE, Wong GH, Glucksmann MA, DiStefano PS (May 1999). "Human CARD4 protein is a novel CED-4/Apaf-1 cell death family member that activates NF-kappaB". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (19): 12955–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.19.12955 . PMID   10224040.
  6. Inohara N, Koseki T, del Peso L, Hu Y, Yee C, Chen S, Carrio R, Merino J, Liu D, Ni J, Núñez G (May 1999). "Nod1, an Apaf-1-like activator of caspase-9 and nuclear factor-kappaB". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (21): 14560–7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.21.14560 . PMID   10329646.
  7. Mahla RS, Reddy MC, Prasad DV, Kumar H (September 2013). "Sweeten PAMPs: Role of Sugar Complexed PAMPs in Innate Immunity and Vaccine Biology". Frontiers in Immunology. 4: 248. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00248 . PMC   3759294 . PMID   24032031.

Further reading