Neoprotoparmelia is a genus of crustose lichens that was created in 2018. It contains 24 tropical and subtropical species that mostly grow on bark. Neoprotoparmelia is in the subfamily Protoparmelioideae of the family Parmeliaceae, along with the morphologically similar genera Protoparmelia and Maronina.
Cryptothecia lichexanthonica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2013 by Edvaneide Leandro de Lima, André Aptroot, and Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres. The type specimen was collected by Lima from the Vale do Catimbau National Park, at an altitude of 885 m (2,904 ft); here it was found growing on smooth tree bark. The lichen has a smooth, pale greenish-grey spreading thallus up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter. The thallus, which is 0.1–0.2 mm thick, is surrounded by a thin brown hypothallus. The ascospores are muriform, ellipsoid in shape, and measure 55–75 by 22–28 μm. The specific epithet lichexanthonica refers to lichexanthone, a secondary chemical that occurs in the thallus. This compound is rare in the genus Cryptothecia, as the only other congener in which it known is to occur is Cryptothecia assimilis.
Buellia lichexanthonica is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Caliciaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2017 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres. The type specimen was collected by the authors near the Poço Azul, at an altitude of about 450 m (1,480 ft); here, in Cerrado, it was found growing on sandstone. The lichen has a thin (0.1–0.2 mm), dull yellow thallus covered with xanthone crystals. Its ascomata are round and black, about 0.2–0.5 mm in diameter with a flat disc. The ascospores are dark brown with an ellipsoid shape, one septum, and measure 11–13 by 6–7.5 μm. The specific epithet lichexanthonica refers to the presence of 4,5-dichlorolichexanthone, a lichexanthone derivative that is found in the cortex of the thallus.
Astrothelium dimidioinspersum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2017 by Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by the authors along a trail near a field station in the Adolfo Ducke Forest Reserve (Manaus); here it was found growing on tree bark in old-growth rainforest. It has a dull, pale greenish thallus lacking a prothallus, and spherical to pear-shaped ascomata immersed in and on the thallus. Ascospores number two per ascus, are muriform, and measure 155–170 by 30–40 μm. The species epithet refers to the characteristic inspersion that occurs in the upper half of the hamathecium. The lichen lacks any secondary chemicals detectable with thin-layer chromatography.
Neoprotoparmelia amerisidiata is a species of corticolous and crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in the southeastern United States, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Garima Singh and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by James Lendemer in the Sapelo Island Wildlife Management Area ; here the lichen was found growing on oak bark. It has a thin, shiny, pale olive-green to olive-grey thallus with numerous isidia. Secondary chemicals in the lichen that are detectable with thin-layer chromatography include alectoronic acid (major), and lesser to trace amounts of dehydroalectoronic acid and β-alectoronic acid. The specific epithet amerisidiata refers to both its North American distribution and the presence of isidia. It is known from North Carolina, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and Florida.
Neoprotoparmelia australisidiata is a species of areolate lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Garima Singh and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by Gintaras Kantvilas north of Emerald Springs ; here it was found growing on the wood or bark of a Cooktown ironwood tree. The lichen has also been recorded in New South Wales. The specific epithet refers both to its Australian distribution, and the presence of isidia. Secondary chemicals in the lichen that are detectable with thin-layer chromatography include alectoronic acid (major), and minor to trace amounts of dehydroalectoronic acid and β–alectoronic acid.
Neoprotoparmelia brasilisidiata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It has a neotropical distribution, and has been recorded from Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Brazil, where it grows in parks and open areas. The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Garima Singh, Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres, and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by Cáceres and Aptroot in the Serra de Itabaiana National Park, at an altitude of about 200 m (660 ft). The specific epithet brasilisidiata refers to both the country where it was first scientifically documented, as well as the presence of isidia. The lichen contains secondary compounds that can be detected using thin-layer chromatography, including alectoronic acid (major), and minor to trace amounts of dehydroalectoronic acid and β-alectoronic acid. When shone with a UV light, the medulla of the thallus and the isidia have a greenish white glow; this characteristic can be used to help distinguish it from other similar crusts with isidia.
Neoprotoparmelia capensis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in South Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Víctor Jiménez Rico, Ana Crespo, and Garima Singh. The type specimen was collected between Papendorp and Strandfontein ; the specific epithet refers to the province in which it was discovered. The lichen is only known from the type locality, a karoo biome with many succulent plants; it grows on exposed sandstone, forming thin, light grey to pale to strong brown and areolate crusts up to 8 cm (3 in) in diameter.
Neoprotoparmelia crassa is a species of crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Garima Singh and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by John Elix in Solar Village. It is only known to occur here and in Northern Territory, where it grows on the bark and wood of trees in open and closed forests. It contains alectoronic acid, a secondary chemical. The specific epithet crassa, derived from the Latin crassus ("fat") refers to the thickness of its thallus, which is greater than the other isidiate members of genus Neoprotoparmelia.
Neoprotoparmelia paulii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Kenya, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Víctor Jiménez Rico, Helge Thorsten Lumbsch, and Garima Singh. The type specimen was collected in the Nuu Hills at an altitude of about 1,000 m (3,300 ft); here it was found growing on sandstone in an inselberg with dry woodland. The lichen is only known from the type locality, a montane ecosystem dominated by shrubs and trees from the genera Acacia, Combretum, and Terminalia. Neoprotoparmelia paulii contains several secondary compounds that can be detected using the technique thin-layer chromatography, including atranorin, α–collatolic acid, α–alectoronic acid, and traces of other chemically related substances. The specific epithet paulii honours Kenyan lichenologist Paul Kirika, who collected the type material along with Lumbsch.
Neoprotoparmelia siamisidiata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Thailand, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by Garima Singh and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by Harrie Sipman in the Medicinal Garden of Doi Suthep–Pui National Park at an altitude of about 1,100 m (3,600 ft); here it was found growing on the bark of Cinchona pubescens. The specific epithet refers to its type locality (biology) and the presence of isidia.
Neoprotoparmelia capitata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in eastern North America.
Acanthothecis latispora is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and André da Silveira. The type specimen was collected by the first author from Turvo State Park. Here the lichen was growing on branches in open areas of the Atlantic Forest. It has a whitish to greenish thallus with a black prothallus. Its asci contain a single ascospore; the spores are densely muriform and measure 82–100 by 27–35 μm. The specific epithet refers to the wide spores. Acanthothecis latispora contains norstictic and stictic acids; these are lichen products that are detectable using thin-layer chromatography.
Acanthothecis megalospora is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected from a São Paulo farm near Itaguatins (Tocantins); here it was found growing on tree bark in cerrado. The lichen has a whitish grey thallus. Its asci contain a single, more or less rectangular ascospore with 15 to 17 transverse septa. The specific epithet refers to these large spores. Acanthothecis megalospora contains norstictic acid, connorstictic acid, and protocetraric acid, which are lichen products than can be detected using thin-layer chromatography.
Acanthothecis rimosa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by André Aptroot, Robert Lücking, and Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres. The type specimen was collected from the Pedra Talhada private area in Quebrangulo (Alagoas) at an elevation between 500 and 700 m. The lichen has a smooth and somewhat shiny, mineral-grey thallus lacking a cortex, and also lacking a surrounding prothallus. The asci contain two spores. The ascospores are hyaline, ellipsoid, and measure 45–53 by 13–16 μm; they have 15–19 transverse and 3–4 longitudinal septa. Stictic acid, a lichen product, is found in the lichen and is detectable using thin-layer chromatography.
Acanthothecis saxicola is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by André Aptroot, Robert Lücking, and Marcela Eugenia da Silva M.Cáceres. The type specimen was collected near Poço Azul at an altitude of 450 m (1,480 ft); here, in a cerrado forest, it was found growing on an overhanging sandstone. The lichen has an ochraceous white thallus lacking a cortex and a prothallus. Its asci contains eight spores, and the ascospores are hyaline, measuring 22–30 by 5 μm with 6 to 8 transverse septa. Acanthothecis saxicola contains stictic acid, a lichen product detectable using thin-layer chromatography.
Acanthothecis subfarinosa is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein. The type specimen was collected from remnant cerrado in Campo Mourão (Paraná). The lichen has a greenish, cracked thallus lacking a cortex and lacking a prothallus. The asci contain 8 spores; the ascospores are hyaline, measuring 22–30 by 5 μm with 6 to 8 transverse septa. Acanthothecis subfarinosa contains norstictic acid, a lichen product that is detectable using thin-layer chromatography.
Acanthothecis submuriformis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by André Aptroot, Robert Lücking, and Marcela Eugenia da Silva M.Cáceres. The type specimen was collected from the Parque Natural Municipal ; here the lichen was found growing on tree bark in primary rainforest.
Mycocalicium enterographicola is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Mycocaliciaceae. It is found in Brazil.
Astrothelium stromatofluorescens is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. It is only known to occur in a few locations in Brazil and Bolivia.
